Balneological treatment has always been popular and brought he alth to many adherents of the use of natural factors. Pelotherapy is one of the available ways to get results painlessly and quickly, but it is not as harmless as it seems at first glance. Like any medical procedure, mud therapy also requires a special approach. Indications and contraindications exist not only of a general nature, but also in relation to each type of raw material used.
History
One of the most famous and picturesque hospitals is located in the city of Essentuki. The Semashko mud bath began to be built in 1911, and the first patients were met already in 1913. At the opening, it was named "Alekseevskaya", in honor of the surviving Tsarevich Alexei. Leading architects and sculptors worked on the project. Construction work was carried out by Wirsch & Herzberg.
Mud bath them. N. A. Semashko - a unique architectural complex built at the beginning of the 20th century, is an objecthistorical heritage. The beauty and style of the building refer to the best buildings of the heyday of the Roman Empire. Porticos, portals, Ionic columns, bas-reliefs are made of local stone - travertine, dolomite.
Exterior finish complements the interior of spacious rooms. Here there was a place for ceiling lamps made of colored glass, classical statues, luxurious floor decoration and rounded vaults. The Essentuki mud bath helps to gain he alth not only thanks to a huge list of procedures, but also due to its unusual architecture and aesthetics.
During the Civil War, the buildings of the complex were significantly damaged, restoration work and the revival of the he alth resort were initiated in 1923 by People's Commissar N. A. Semashko. During the Great Patriotic War, the hospital was almost destroyed by the occupying authorities, only the rapid advance of the Soviet troops prevented the pearl of the city of Essentuki from being blown up. Mud baths resumed activities shortly after the Victory.
Description
Since its foundation, the balneological resort has not changed its profile, thanks to which the technical equipment has only been modernized, and the number of procedures has increased. During the construction of the building, the basement was laid, where tanks designed for the regeneration of useful mud still serve. The mud bath uses twelve types of peloids. The most demanded is the mud of the Tambuka deposit.
Today, the mud bath is a two-story buildingwith a technical basement, where ancient architecture and the latest equipment coexist. The complex includes four buildings, where up to 220 people can receive procedures at the same time, the number of individual booths is 62 units, the institution is designed to provide 2500 treatment sessions during the day.
In an institution, one procedure requiring a full body wrap takes about 80 kilograms of raw materials, such a luxury is not available at all domestic resorts, but you can enjoy it in the city of Essentuki. The mud bath provides a range of procedures using peloids, designed for both local (zonal) use and general strengthening purposes.
Tambucan Mud
In the mud bath them. Semashko is the most popular healing agent is the mud extracted from the bottom of the Tambukan Lake. It is located not far from Pyatigorsk, its water reserves are replenished by groundwater and precipitation. The lake is drainless, the water level fluctuates. In recent years, scientists have noticed a trend towards an increase in its area.
A mud layer saturated with useful elements has formed over millions of years at the bottom of the lake. Peloid reserves are estimated at up to 1400 thousand tons. The composition of the mud is sulfate-chloride-sodium-magnesium, the color is black, the structure is oily, plastic. The composition includes minerals (magnesium, calcium, selenium, etc.), microorganisms, blue-green algae and their metabolic products, organic substances (amino acids, lipids, etc.).
Use of Tambukan mudhas a positive effect on immunity, suppression of infections and focal diseases, significantly rejuvenates the skin, increases muscle tone and much more.
Indications for pelotherapy
Mud therapy is used to treat a wide range of diseases. Main destinations:
- Diseases of the musculoskeletal system (polyarthrosis, gout, arthrosis, osteochondrosis, etc.).
- Diseases of the nervous system (complications of osteochondrosis, neuralgia, etc.).
- Gynecological diseases (including infertility).
- Diseases of the urogenital area (cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, including in chronic form).
- Skin diseases (eczema, acne, scars, neurodermatitis, etc.).
- Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastric and duodenal ulcers, chronic colitis, cholecystitis, etc.).
- Vascular diseases (venous insufficiency, Raynaud's disease, etc.).
- Overweight, cellulite reduction, lifting, etc.
Contraindications
Mud treatments are not allowed for the following diseases:
- Neoplasms (benign, malignant).
- Any bleeding (hemorrhoidal, uterine, etc.).
- Tuberculosis, respiratory failure (second and higher degree).
- Inflammatory processes and chronic diseases in the acute stage.
- Pregnancy in any trimester.
- Severe vascular atherosclerosis.
- Heart disease: ischemia, myocardial infarction, cardiac disorders.
- Post-abortion condition (before stabilization of the cycle of critical days).
- Vascular diseases: varicose veins, hypertension (stage 3 and below) with BP values over 150/100 mmHg, circulatory failure (2nd degree or more).
- All kinds of blood diseases.
- Epilepsy, thyrotoxicosis, glaucoma.
- Infectious diseases of any etiology.
- Liver disease (cirrhosis, acute hepatitis).
- Cachexia, intestinal polyps, nodular goiter.
- Prostatic hyperplasia (benign).
Most resorts in Essentuki refer their patients to mud therapy. Indications and contraindications for pyelotherapy are determined by a specialist at the stage of diagnosis and the formation of therapeutic measures.
Types of mud treatments
Mud bath them. N. A. Semashko uses local applications of peloids and body wraps in therapy. The types of procedures are named after the zone of the human body for which they are intended:
- "General" (wraps).
- "Pants" (lower body).
- "Collar area" (neck and upper back).
- "Underpants" (zone of the genitourinary system).
- "Stockings" (leg wraps).
- "Knee and elbow joints" (local applications of directional action).
- "Face" (masks with medical, cosmeticeffect).
- "Gums" (Mucoid applications).
- "Tampons" (rectal, vaginal).
- "Electric Mud".
Mud therapy is prescribed as a course for a certain number of procedures, the passage of a full circle of treatment helps to increase immunity, improve the condition of the skin. The result is the extinction of inflammatory processes on the surface of the skin, the stabilization of the body tone and the improvement of fat and lipid metabolism, the acceleration of metabolism.
Action Factors
The mechanism of action of mud on the body consists of four main factors:
- The presence of minerals (copper, calcium, selenium, etc.) in the composition of peloids determines the chemical effect.
- Biological factor is provided by organic substances such as blue algae, amino acids, lipids, etc.
- Optimal temperature conditions enhance the penetration of elements into the body (the average operating temperature is 40-42 °C).
- Mechanical (mud applications reach a thickness of 6 cm).
Mud treatments, supported by drinking therapy, mineral baths, are the sum of the factors that allow you to get a positive effect. The total number of completed courses of treatment consolidates the result, helping the patient to cope with diseases on his own, reveals and stimulates the internal reserves of the body.
Complex treatment
Every year the popularity of non-drug methods of treating diseases is increasing, the demand is growingand the services of a resort located in the city of Essentuki. The mud bath is the main part of the entire complex of the balneological zone. Medical infrastructure includes:
- Drinking gallery with mineral water springs, including "Essentuki No. 17". The waters were discovered in 1810 and, after careful study and analysis, are recommended for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. They belong to medium alkaline waters of chloride-hydrocarbonate sodium composition. Minerals - copper, iodine, bromine and others - are presented in a biologically active form, the content of carbon dioxide is 700-2000 milligrams per liter of water. The waters of the Essentuki springs are not recommended to be drunk uncontrollably. The scheme of water intake, the amount and duration of therapy should be determined by a specialist. Water from the springs enters the drinking gallery, where the water is heated mechanically. The temperature of a warm drink is 35-38 °C, hot - 38-45 °C.
- Therapeutic baths. The waters of mineral springs are used for the treatment of diseases with mineral baths. For this type of procedure in 1898, the Upper Nikolaevsky baths were built. The bowls of baths, carved from solid marble, have survived and are still in operation. Currently, the procedures use heated waters of local sources No. 55 (carbon dioxide-mineral) and No. 1E (carbon dioxide-hydrogen).
Complex wellness measures are the advantage of the resort. Mud therapy as the main factor in balneological procedures is complemented by a positive effect on the body of drinking therapy and mineral baths.
Useful information
Comprehensive treatment is one of the benefits that everyone can enjoy. Vacation of procedures takes place according to the sanatorium card of the institution from which the patient was referred for treatment, or at the commercial cost of the approved price list of the resort area of the city of Essentuki.
Semashko mud bath sets prices for procedures for a single visit. For example, according to the price list of 2016, the cost of local applications on the gums is 120 rubles per session, and 600 rubles must be paid for one general wrap. Therapeutic baths include more than 10 items, the price for one procedure starts from 235 rubles per session. Healing showers, presented in several titles, cost from 160 to 310 rubles per procedure. The hospital also provides intracavitary irrigation, applications, massages, microclysters, ozone therapy, hirudotherapy and other recreational activities.
Address and contacts
Mud baths (Essentuki) have the following address: Semashko street, building 10. For additional general information, it is recommended to seek advice by phone 8 (87934) 6-66-89.
Schedule of work of the mud baths, located on the street. Semashko: 9:00-13:30; on Saturdays, the work schedule is reduced - 9:00-12:30; Sunday is a day off. Reception phone: 8 (87934) 6-51-97.
Upper baths opening hours: daily - 8:00-12:30; on Saturday, the institution works 1 hour less - 9:00-12:30; on Sunday -day off. Contact number of the head nurse, registry: 8 (87934) 6-55-91.
You can get to the administrative building of the mud bath from the railway station by taxi No. 9 and No. 21 to the Mud bath stop (Semashko St.).
