Almost half of the women on the planet have one or more ovarian cysts. Some representatives of the weaker sex are not even aware of their pathology. A tumor is detected only at the next gynecological examination or during an ultrasound examination. Today's article will provide you with information on how a ruptured ovarian cyst manifests itself. You will learn the symptoms of this complication and how to treat it below.
Cysts and their types
Before you find out what the symptoms of a burst ovarian cyst are, you need to find out what kind of formation it is. This pathology can have two forms: functional and non-functional. In both cases, a cyst is a kind of bubble, inside of which there is a liquid or an accumulation of tissues. The cyst shell is a set of epithelium. With the growth of the tumor, it stretches, but at a certain point it becomes thinner and bursts. It should be noted that more prone to breaksfunctional cysts (follicular, hemorrhagic and corpus luteum). Their shell is thinner than others. However, such formations are able to resolve on their own within a few months. Therefore, cases of their rupture are rarely recorded.
Nonfunctional cysts have a denser coating. But they don't disappear on their own. So they break down over time. Such neoplasms include the following cysts:
- dermoid and endometrioid;
- mucinous and serous;
- epithelial and germ cell
- carcinoma and others.
Busted ovarian cyst: symptoms
Is it possible to self-diagnose this? A patient can only suspect apoplexy if she knows that a neoplasm is present. In other cases, the correct diagnosis is made by the doctor after the examination. Consider the main symptoms of complications.
- Severe pain in the lower abdomen. At first they have a certain localization. Later, sensations become dull and spread throughout the abdomen, radiating to the leg and rectum.
- The work of the digestive system changes. The patient feels nausea, which is often accompanied by vomiting without relief. You may also experience diarrhea or constipation.
- Heartbeat quickens and pulse becomes weak. This is a sign of internal bleeding.
- Tension of the anterior muscle wall. This symptom speaks of peritonitis.
- Pale skin and loss of consciousness. In this case, there is a threat to the patient's life.
Medical assistance
If you find yourself experiencing the symptoms described, you need to urgently call for help. Remember that you can not take medicine before the arrival of doctors. Painkillers and antispasmodics can show a blurred clinical picture. Take a horizontal position, and apply ice to your stomach. Gynecology in Moscow, as in other cities of Russia, involves hospitalization of the patient with the described complaints. In a hospital setting, doctors will be able to conduct an examination, which includes:
- gynecological examination;
- ultrasound monitoring;
- blood and urine test;
- puncture.
Depending on the results obtained, further tactics of actions are chosen. Here are some addresses of clinics in the capital of the Russian Federation: st. Lobachevsky, 42; per. Samotechny, 21; st. Pokrovka, 22 and so on.
Treatment of pathology: operation
Russian specialists (gynecology in Moscow and other settlements) perform surgical treatment of apoplexy. Medical correction in this situation is unacceptable. It must be remembered that any delay can cost the patient her life.
To correct a ruptured cyst, one of two methods is chosen: laparotomy or laparoscopy. In the first case, a severe abdominal operation is performed, which provides for general anesthesia and artificial ventilation of the lungs. The recovery of the patient lasts from two weeks to three months. Laparoscopy has gained popularity in recent years. Operationis performed under anesthesia, the woman is sleeping at this time. From two to four punctures are made in the abdominal cavity, through which the instruments are inserted. Laparoscopy allows you to recover in the shortest possible time and not have complications from the procedure.
The tactics of treating a ruptured cyst depend on the complexity of the pathology. If the ovary is not affected, then only the neoplasm is excised. Resection can also be performed: partial removal of the gland. With extensive damage to the ovary, a decision is made to remove it completely. An important role is played by the age of the patient and her desire to have children.
Consequences
You already know how to understand that a cyst on the ovary has burst. The sooner you seek medical help, the less likely you are to experience unpleasant consequences. What threatens the situation when a cyst on the ovary burst? Consequences (after surgery) may be as follows:
- formation of adhesions in the pelvis;
- menstrual irregularities and hormonal failure;
- psychological abnormalities;
- allergic reactions to drugs used (during surgery);
- not aesthetic appearance (scar after laparotomy);
- infertility (if ovaries are removed).
After surgery, a woman needs conservative therapy aimed at restoring and preventing complications. If the body temperature rises sharply, then this indicates an inflammatory process. The patient needs antibiotics to help withcomplication. It is important to choose the right drug.
Prevention
If you have a cyst, then you need to be monitored regularly. This will help avoid breaking it. Functional cysts usually go away on their own, but if this does not happen, then hormonal correction is prescribed.
Nonfunctional tumors require constant monitoring. Often doctors choose expectant tactics. If education does not cause inconvenience and remains unchanged, then it is not touched. As soon as the cyst begins to grow, surgical treatment is necessary. It is timely intervention that will help avoid ovarian cyst apoplexy and peritonitis.
Instead of a conclusion
From the article you learned what signs a burst ovarian cyst has. Symptoms, treatments and consequences are described in detail. If you have previously had to deal with such a complication, then it is worth conducting appropriate therapy. It includes the use of antibiotics, absorbable drugs, physiotherapy.
Be sure to find the cause of the cyst and eliminate it. For example, an endometrioid tumor occurs due to endometriosis, a hormonal disease. The dermoid cyst is recognized as congenital. Be sure to check with your gynecologist. Good luck to you!
