Allergies in children are common today. What are the reasons for the wide spread of allergic pathologies?
Unfavorable ecology, unsatisfactory living conditions, the presence of pets in the apartment, poor nutrition, the use of foods high in food additives, the widespread use of perfumes and household chemicals, as well as other environmental factors load the immune system, which ultimately results in the appearance of allergic symptoms.
It is worth noting that allergic reactions can occur almost from birth. Often there is an allergy to milk. In this case, not only the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract is disturbed in the child, but a rash may also appear, which causes significant anxiety and deterioration in the well-being of the newborn. It must be remembered that increased sensitization can manifest itself not only in cow's milk or artificial mixtures that may contain harmful additives, but also in mother's milk, however, this type of allergy is quite rare.
Increased sensitivity to various allergens can be provoked by aggravated heredity. So, children whose father and mother suffer from a certain allergic pathology have a chance of inheriting it by more than 70%.
If we talk about the manifestations of allergies, then the clinic of this pathology is diverse. The main violations include the following:
• food allergy - most often in a child under one year old. It can be provoked by the inappropriate nutrition of a woman during lactation, when she consumes citrus fruits, smoked meats, honey, etc.;
• skin allergy - in the initial stages of its development is called diathesis, manifested by red spots on the face and buttocks, itching and peeling are also characteristic. In addition to food etiology, skin lesions can occur with allergies to children's cosmetics.
In most cases, when the provoking factors are eliminated, such an allergy in a child does not need medical treatment, but such manifestations cannot be ignored either, since they indicate a tendency to such reactions. If an allergy in a child that occurs with skin lesions is characterized by more severe clinical manifestations, then they already talk about eczema or atopic dermatitis;
• Respiratory allergy - manifested by conjunctivitis, rhinitis, allergic laryngitis, bronchial asthma of varying severity, and alveolitis. The most common allergensbecomes house dust, pillow feathers, pet hair, indoor flowers, fish food, which includes daphnia. Allergies in a child with respiratory damage often develop in cases where the dwelling has high humidity, as mold spores spread throughout the rooms;
• allergic to insect stings and medicines;
• allergic manifestations when exposed to low temperatures (cold urticaria).
The etiology and pathogenetic mechanism of the development of allergies are very different, therefore, for effective treatment, it is necessary to eliminate the influence of provoking factors and prescribe desensitizing therapy according to the clinical manifestations of the disease.
