Today, almost every woman goes to the gynecologist with cystic formations in the ovaries.
A pathological formation, that is, a cyst, is a watery bladder located in or near the ovary.
The causes of cystic formations can be different: inflammatory or infectious processes in the pelvic organs, surgeries, abortions, frequent hypothermia, hormonal disorders.
Ovarian cyst removal by laparoscopy
Ovarian cyst surgery is mainly performed by laparoscopy. Previously, an open intervention was performed to remove the ovarian cyst, but laparoscopy does not require tissue incisions. The operation to remove an ovarian cyst using laparoscopy occurs as follows: an air-filled syringe is inserted into the abdominal cavity, which allows the inserted tube with a camera to receive an image of the organs under study on the monitor. If the diagnosed ovarian cyst is confirmed, then it is removed. It also evaluatescondition of all organs of the pelvis of a woman. If the cyst is large, then its removal occurs in two stages. To begin with, the body of the cyst is pierced, then its contents are aspirated, then the cyst itself is removed. This is done in order to avoid accidental rupture of the body of the cyst and the outflow of its contents into the internal organs. This method allows you to extract a large cyst through a puncture one centimeter in diameter. In this case, the woman's ovary is partially or completely preserved after the operation. An operation to remove an ovarian cyst can also be performed using an ordinary incision, it all depends on the experience of the surgeon and the availability of special equipment.
Possible complications of an ovarian cyst
The presence of an ovarian cyst in a woman may be accompanied by: pain, painful menstruation, an increase in the period of the menstrual cycle, lack of menstruation or inability to conceive. But this is not the worst thing, if the cyst progresses and no treatment is carried out, then serious complications can occur, which manifest themselves as:
- bleeding;
- ruptured cyst;
- growth of a cyst, which can lead to ovarian torsion;
- abnormal cyst changes leading to cancer;
- infertility.
Ways to remove cystic formations
An operation to remove an ovarian cyst is possible in several ways:
- Kistectomy - this method allows you to save the ovary, removing only the cystic formation. The functions of the ovary and the ability towomen to conceive as soon as possible after surgery.
- Resection of an ovarian cyst is a method in which damaged ovarian tissue is excised, and a large, he althy part of it is preserved.
- Ovariectomy - removal of the ovary.
- Adnexectomy - removal of the ovary and the fallopian tube or two fallopian tubes presenting to it.
The postoperative period should be accompanied by anti-adhesion procedures.
Cyst
ovaries and pregnancy
There are two types of cystic formations during pregnancy: a functional, or follicular, ovarian cyst and a pathological cyst. In the first case, no surgical intervention is required. In the second - removal is required. A functional cyst is a normal phenomenon, which leads to increased work of the ovaries during pregnancy. Such an ovarian cyst during pregnancy resolves after the first trimester. A pathological cyst occurs due to the presence of an infection in the pelvic organs or hormonal disorders. To date, surgeons have been very successful in solving this problem while maintaining the pregnancy.
