Cystitis, which is very common in medical practice, is an inflammatory process in the bladder. The cause of the disease can be bacteria that easily penetrate the urinary organs. In some patients, along with the typical symptoms of cystitis, pain in the lumbar region may occur. What symptoms of cystitis are considered typical, and why the lower back hurts with cystitis, this article will tell.
Clinical picture
Acute cystitis is accompanied by a number of typical symptoms:
- burning or itching during urination;
- frequent, almost ineffectual (that is, very little urine is produced) urination;
- pain in the groin and suprapubic area, cramps in the urethra;
- cloudy urine and the presence of blood in it;
- in case of severe course - fever, nausea and so on.
Burning, itching
These sensations that occur during urination are most characteristic of this disease. Mostcases, this symptom indicates an allergic or infectious nature of the disease. In the case of an infectious nature, the bacteria produce toxins that accumulate in the urine, and if they enter the urinary tract, they irritate their mucous membranes. In the case of allergies, burning and itching are the result of the presence of a high concentration of histamine.
Pain
One of the common signs of illness is pain localized in the perineum and lower abdomen. The intensity of pain varies, in about 10% of patients the course is painless and there is only bursting and minor discomfort, which often go unnoticed. In addition, discomfort can spread to the back (cystitis radiates to the lower back), while the pain is a consequence of irritation of the nerve endings by the products of the inflammatory process.
Pain can be combined with fever, weakness and headache. However, if the patient's immunity is slightly reduced, these symptoms may not be present.
Hematuria
Occurs with cystitis blood in the urine quite often. In this case, the urine acquires a brick or light pink color. This symptom often indicates the viral nature of the lesion. The presence of hematuria is regarded by doctors as a condition requiring differential diagnosis, and may be a sign of one of two variants of cystitis: complicated or acute.
Lower pain
So, can the lower back hurt with cystitis? Pain in the lumbar region can also occur with a complicated course of the disease, when inthe kidneys are involved in the inflammatory process, that is, the infection has gone up the path.
In addition, if the anatomical feature of the patient is the large diameter of the ureters, there may be a reverse flow (to the kidneys) of urine containing infectious agents from the bladder. As a rule, in these cases, pyelonephritis is found in patients - the main reason why the lower back is pulled with cystitis. This pathology is diagnosed quite often.
Signs of kidney inflammation
If the lower back hurts with cystitis, then there is a high probability of infection in the kidneys. In this case, signs of renal inflammation (pyelonephritis) are:
- significant hyperthermia (up to 40 degrees);
- pain in the area of the inflamed kidney or on both sides;
- brick shade of urine is replaced by its significant turbidity, pus may be present;
- signs of intoxication: vomiting, weakness, pain in the joints and head.
First aid
In any case, the treatment of cystitis is the task of a specialist. Self-medication in this case can lead to disastrous results, especially when the lower back hurts with cystitis. But before going to the doctor, you can try to alleviate your condition by doing the following:
- stick to bed rest, keeping complete rest and protecting yourself from stress;
- if the pain has spread to the abdomen and lower back, you can apply a warm compress to the abdomen;
- the use of antispasmodics ("No-shpa") or their combination with ordinary painkillers is allowed;
- with cystitis it is worth limiting the intake of fatty foods, lemonades and spicy foods;
- in order to stop the pain, you can use the folk way - drink chamomile tea.
The task of therapy is to eliminate the causative agent of the infection. However, only a doctor can choose the right antibacterial fast-acting medicine for cystitis and its dosage, since self-medication in this case is fraught with deterioration and spread of infection throughout the body.
Diagnosis
If there are signs of cystitis, the patient can consult a urologist or therapist, women with suspected cystitis, especially during pregnancy, can consult a gynecologist. If the lower back hurts with cystitis, you can safely contact a nephrologist.
Diagnostic measures begin with the collection of complaints and anamnesis. In this case, the patient must remember, after which the first signs of the disease appeared, for example, the lower back was blown out and cystitis suddenly appeared. After that, the doctor conducts a visual examination with palpation (pressure on the bladder will be painful) and tapping in the lumbar region (it will be painful with pyelonephritis).
The patient is then asked to undergo a series of tests:
- OAM (urine will contain erythrocytes, mucus, leukocytes, bacteria, urates, which are significantly higher than normal);
- urine bacteriology with the determination of the sensitivity of the flora to antibiotics andexamination of swabs from the urethra and vagina (in women);
- cystoscopy, cystography;
- Ultrasound of the genitourinary organs, including the kidneys, if the lower back hurts with cystitis;
- blood tests (general and biochemical).
Therapy
Hospitalization for uncomplicated cystitis, as a rule, is not required, with the exception of cases of severe soreness that cannot be eliminated by conventional means and acute urinary retention. Etiotropic therapy consists in taking antimicrobial drugs: nitrofurans, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, penicillins are less commonly used. This or that remedy, including a fast-acting medicine for cystitis, is always prescribed taking into account the sensitivity of pathogenic microbes. The course of such treatment, as a rule, lasts 5-7 days. If the cause of cystitis lies in infection with fungi or viruses, the patient is prescribed the appropriate treatment for the pathogen.
To relieve pain (including in the lumbar region), antispasmodics, NSAIDs (in tablets or injections) are prescribed. In addition, for the same purpose, you can use a heating pad, which is applied to the lower abdomen. The heat emanating from the heater also has an antispasmodic effect, due to which the urethra and ureters relax and expand, and the outflow of urine is restored. Warm baths, which should be taken while sitting, or foot baths with an exposure of 20 minutes have the same effect. and rectal anti-inflammatory suppositories based on belladonna.
In the treatment of an ailment in women, patientsabstinence from sexual intercourse and obligatory maintenance of hygiene are recommended, in addition, measures are being taken to normalize the microbiocenosis of the vagina.
In chronic cystitis, therapy includes the restoration of an adequate outflow of urine (elimination of prostate adenoma and narrowing of the urethra, etc.), which is realized through the use of anti-inflammatory drugs and agents based on plant extracts ("Cyston", etc.). In addition, all chronic infectious foci (caries, chronic tonsillitis, etc.) must be sanitized. In the treatment of cystitis in men, the appointment of herbal medicine, herbal uroseptics is indicated.
Therapeutic gymnastics
Gymnastics for cystitis in women is an effective tool to combat the disease. There is a special set of Kegel exercises. These exercises increase the effectiveness of the therapy and prevent the process from becoming chronic. Exercises involve the strongest squeezing of the perineal and vaginal muscles for 2-3 seconds, and then relaxing them.
Also, you can do:
- "Scissors" and "bicycle" - these exercises activate and strengthen the muscles of the bladder, inhibit pathogenic bacteria.
- "Cobra" - lying on the stomach, palms down to the level of the forearms. The patient raises the trunk and slowly bends. Then take a deep breath and return to the starting position. The number of repetitions is 8-10.
- "Grasshopper" - position on the stomach, lying with arms outstretched. Tighten the muscles of the buttocks as much as possible and,lifting the torso, fix for 30 seconds in this position. Number of repetitions - 6.
- In a standing position, the patient locks his hands, raising them up, and bends in his back. Repeat the movement 8 times. Then the torso is tilted to the right and left, also repeating them 8 times on each side. After that, 10 rotations of the body and 15 squats are performed.
Folk recipes
In the case of cystitis, folk remedies are an addition to the main therapy and must be discussed with the doctor. The principle of such therapy is simple: you need to drink more and, accordingly, urinate more. In this case, water can be replaced with decoctions of herbs or cranberry juice. After several such “washes”, the pain weakens, the condition improves, the color of the urine gradually returns to normal.
Doctors advise to reconsider the diet, replacing ordinary meals with soups and liquid cereals, and also drink a glass of water at least twice an hour. Anti-inflammatory and diuretic herbal preparations are quite effective.
Preventive measures
As a prevention of cystitis, the following rules must be followed:
- compliance with hygiene (sexual and personal);
- regular bladder emptying;
- avoid hypothermia;
- during catheterization and endovesical studies, follow the rules of asepsis;
- stimulation of immunity.
In order to prevent the spread of infection to the kidneys and, therefore,to prevent the occurrence of back pain and chronicity of the process, you should immediately consult a doctor if symptoms occur and then carefully follow all his instructions, in addition, do not interrupt the course ahead of time.
