Drugs that regulate the body's metabolic processes represent a separate group of drugs widely used to treat various diseases. And although this phrase does not seem vague and meaningless, it really is. Any disease, any pathological process occurring in our body is accompanied by a violation of metabolic processes occurring at the cell level. And it is the correction of such metabolic disorders that, for the most part, leads to recovery. One of the drugs that are used to correct these disorders in the body is Asparkam. It is prescribed for many pathologies. Let's look at "Asparkam", analogues of the drug that are used today.
Pharmacological characteristics of "Asparkam"
As already mentioned, the drug "Asparkam" belongs to the group of drugs that affect the metabolic processes of the body. The mechanism of action of the drugbased on the following points.
The need to maintain the constancy of the ionic composition of the intracellular environment is widely known. At the same time, special attention in the processes of cell metabolism is paid to potassium and magnesium ions. Due to the ability of the so-called asparginates (which are part of this drug) to participate in the process of intracellular ion transport, the introduction of "Asparkam" helps to increase their concentration and improve cell metabolism.
Due to the fact that the heart is the main organ that subtly reacts to an imbalance of ions (especially potassium ions), Asparkam exhibits a cardioprotective effect by eliminating ion imbalance in cardiomyocytes. This, in turn, is manifested by a decrease in the processes of excitability and conductivity, which is reflected in the antiarrhythmic effect of the drug.
Due to the influence on the content of magnesium ions, "Asparkam" affects the sodium-potassium cellular pump, reducing intracellular sodium concentration and promoting the processes of repolarization of the cell membrane. An increase in the membrane potential leads to the fact that a smaller amount of calcium ions is in the cytoplasm, participating in the processes of electromechanical coupling of actin and myosin in cardiomyocytes.
In addition, aspartate, which is part of the drug, promotes the activation of metabolic processes, increases not only amino acid synthesis, but also the synthesis of amino sugars and lipids,involved in the regulation of intracellular metabolism. This circumstance contributes to the enhancement of energy metabolism in ischemic tissues and areas of the myocardium. "Panangin" - an analogue of "Asparkam" - due to the identical content of potassium and magnesium aspartate, it exhibits the same pharmacodynamic effects. This circumstance contributes to the almost similar prevalence of "Panangin" in cardiology practice.
Pharmacokinetic features
"Asparkam" itself, analogues of this drug quickly and almost completely enter the systemic circulation. Excretion of the drug occurs mainly with the help of the kidneys. After a single dose, the maximum concentration of the drug in the bloodstream is reached after 1-2 hours. From the bloodstream, "Asparkam" enters the cells in the form of potassium, magnesium and aspartate ions and begins to participate in their metabolic processes.
Indications for use
The tablet form of Asparkam is intended (and successfully used) for the treatment of diseases associated with heart failure. So, indications for prescribing may be post-infarction conditions, conditions after cardioversion, or accompanied by a violation of the rhythm and conduction of the myocardium. "Asparkam" is effective in the complex therapy of heart failure with the use of cardiac glycosides, as well as in situations of overdose or poisoning with saluretics (diuretic drugs that, in addition to increasing diuresis, increase the excretion of ions from the body).
The injection form of "Asparkam" is successfully used as part of the complex therapy of chronic heart failure, including after myocardial infarction, with rhythm and conduction disturbances, as part of complex therapy.
Contraindications to prescribing the drug
Due to the fact that Asparkam contains a large amount of magnesium and potassium ions, it is contraindicated in acute and chronic renal failure, as well as in case of hypersensitivity to one or more components of this drug.
In cardiogenic shock (when systolic blood pressure drops below 90 mm Hg), it is not recommended to use "Asparkam", analogues. Instructions for use indicate that the drug is also contraindicated in Addison's disease and functional insufficiency of the adrenal glands, in cases where the patient has a high-degree atrioventricular block and with a high content of potassium and magnesium ions in the blood plasma.
Method of administration and dosage
When using the tablet form of the drug "Asparkam" take one or two tablets after meals three times a day. The duration of the treatment is determined by the attending physician based on the clinical course of the disease and data from laboratory and instrumental research methods.
The injection form is for intravenous use only. The contents of one ampoule must be dissolved in 50 or 100 ml of sterileisotonic glucose solution, administered intravenously drip slowly. Re-introduction can be repeated no earlier than 4-6 hours after the previous appointment of the drug "Asparkam". Analogues of this drug (for example, Panangin) are prescribed identically. "Panangin", like "Asparkam", has a pronounced effect on the metabolism of myocardiocytes. Therefore, this analogue of "Asparkam" in Russia is widely used in cardiological hospitals.
Side effects
In the case of taking the tablet form, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract may occur, which are manifested by pain and burning in the epigastric region, nausea, and vomiting. Long-term use may cause ulcerative mucosal defects.
Since the drug has a predominant effect on the cardiovascular system, arrhythmias, conduction disturbances, atrioventricular blockades, lowering blood pressure may occur on its part.
On the part of the nervous system, the occurrence of paresthesias, tingling sensations, convulsions is noted.
Due to the high content of magnesium ions and their penetration into the central nervous system, respiratory function may be inhibited. Also quite often there is a feeling of heat with the introduction of the drug "Asparkam". Analogues of this drug have similar symptoms of adverse reactions and the frequency of their occurrence. In view of this, it is imperative to ask the patient about the previous intake of this drug.funds.
Special instructions for the use of the drug "Asparkam"
Analogues for children are widely used in pediatric practice, although there is currently insufficient data on the use of "Asparkam" in children. Despite this, the drug is successfully used for the treatment of cardiac diseases in pediatrics.
With prolonged use of Asparkam, it is recommended to carefully monitor the electrolyte composition of blood plasma, control electrocardiographic parameters. Also, with extreme caution, the drug is used in patients with elevated plasma potassium levels.
Asparkam: analogues
Among the existing generics of Asparkam on the pharmaceutical market, it is worth highlighting Panangin. Possessing high efficiency, this analogue of "Asparkam" is widely used in Russia, as it has an identical composition and, accordingly, similar indications for use. And the practice of cardiology is an example of this. Thus, "Panangin" is an analogue of "Asparkam" with the same composition.
Among other drugs that have a similar effect, it should be noted "Inosine", "Riboxin", "Meksaritm", "Propanorm", "Rhythmocard".
