Extrasystolic arrhythmia usually occurs in old age. However, this disease can also be present in middle-aged people. If such a condition occurs in a person for the first time, then he may begin to panic. This is because he may mistake it for a heart attack.
Extrasystole
The human heart is designed in such a way that it passes blood through itself. This process is carried out through nerve impulses. Blood fluid passes from one atrium to another.
Namely, from right to left. There are cases when the electrical impulses that activate this transition fail. There is a condition that is called extrasystole. Or, in other words, the cardiac cycle is off.
Signs
Signs by which a person can identify extrasystole are as follows:
1. A push in the chest of an acute nature.
2. A person's heart rate can either speed up or slow down.
3. Breathing gets out of hand, shortness of breath begins.
4. Starts to stand outsweat.
5. There is an anxiety state and fear of death.
Extrasystolic arrhythmia causes a feeling of anxiety when visiting a person for the first time. If such attacks are repeated, then the body gets used to them. Then the patient perceives them calmly, without disturbing experiences.
It should be known that people who suffer from heart disease do not feel the anxiety of extrasystolic arrhythmia. If a person feels symptoms for the first time, then he should immediately contact a medical institution for professional help. The sooner he does this, the better. Since he will be prescribed the necessary treatment regimen and his condition will stabilize. But not seeking medical help can lead to irreversible consequences.
Extrasystolic arrhythmia occurs due to the fact that the nerve impulses that provide heart contractions, in addition to the main places, begin to be localized in other areas. The reaction of the heart to this behavior of the body is that it begins to pump a smaller volume of blood fluid. As a result, blood flow slows down.
Predisposing factors
There are several causes of abnormal heart rhythms. They can be functional, organic, or toxic.
If this ailment arose due to functional reasons, then it means that there are neurological disorders in the human body.
Arrhythmia may occur onbackground of the following diseases:
1. Inflammatory process in the cervical spine.
2. Vegetovascular dystonia.
3. Neurosis.
4. Strong feelings for any reason and stress.
In the case when extrasystolic arrhythmia has organic causes, this means that a person has one of the following diseases:
1. IHD.
2. Heart attack.
3. Heart disease.
4. Inflammatory processes in the heart, namely in its outer and middle shells.
5. Violation in the processes of blood circulation.
6. Myocardial dystrophy.
The toxic cause of this disease can be caused by:
1. Complications from taking certain medications, such as antidepressants.
2. Changes in the thyroid gland, namely its hyperfunction.
3. Alkaline balance changes in the human body.
Classification
Depending on the localization (location) of the ectopic (additional) focus of excitation, they distinguish:
1. Ventricular extrasystole. This type is the most common. Since it occurs in 65% of the presence of this disease.
2. Atrial extrasystoles. This type is the second most common. It is fixed in 25% of sick people.
3. Atrioventricular type. It occurs least often, namely in 10% of sick people. The area of localization of this type is the atrioventricular node.
In addition, there are cases when the focus can cause the appearance of signals that are present simultaneously with the main heart rhythm. This variant of the disease is called parasystole.
Other types of pathology
An important indicator of the disease is the intensity of extrasystole diseases. For example, if the number of strokes is more than 10 times in one minute, then this means that the disease is spreading at a rapid pace. Also, a person can be diagnosed with allorhythmia. It refers to the state of the body when systoles of a normal nature and additional contractions alternate. There is also such a pathology as bigemnia. It manifests itself as follows: an extrasystole does not occur with every heartbeat, but every other time. Trigeminia is the occurrence of an extrasystole after two heartbeats. And so on in ascending order.
Besides this, extrasystoles can be classified depending on what time they occur.
1. Early abbreviations. This type includes the appearance of pathological strokes 0.05 seconds after a normal cardiac cycle.
2. Medium-type contractions occur 0.45 or 0.5 after the T wave. These indicators are recorded by ECG.
3. Late type contractions appear just before the T wave.
Also, extrasystoles are divided into rare, medium and frequent beats.
Symptoms of extrasystolic arrhythmia
It should be said that patients can feel the presence of arrhythmia in theirbody. It depends on various factors. For example, from what reason this disease was caused. If a person has dystonia of a vegetovascular nature in the body, then the symptoms of the disease will be more acute. One of the most common symptoms is a feeling of tremors in the chest. They appear due to the contraction of the ventricles.
Extrasystolic arrhythmia, which has functional causes of appearance, is accompanied by such manifestations as fever, increased sweating, anxiety and weakness. When a disease such as atherosclerosis is present in the human body, dizziness is present. In addition, the person may faint. In the case of an ischemic disease, there is pain of a pressing nature.
In addition, some patients report:
1. A state of lack of air.
2. Anxiety.
3. Feeling as if the heart stops.
4. Syncope, characteristic of severe forms of arrhythmia.
How is a disease diagnosed?
Diagnosis and treatment of extrasystolic arrhythmia
Drugs to be used are prescribed by the doctor. ECG is the main way to assess the patient's condition and make a diagnosis. Daily monitoring is considered especially effective.
But there is a nuance here. Namely, if during the daily monitoring the patient does not experiencefailure of the heart rhythm, then it will not show anything. There is also such a research method as measuring the pulse before and after exercise. Treatment with folk remedies for extrasystolic arrhythmias may not bring the desired results. Therefore, it is better to undergo a full examination under the supervision and control of a doctor.
In parallel with the above diagnostic methods, the doctor interviews the patient.
1. During it, he finds out if there were cases of arrhythmia in his family. Did any of the parents suffer from this disease.
2. How the day goes. Namely, his routine.
3. Does the patient have any bad habits.
4. The emotional and psychological state of a person.
Also, the doctor uses the method of auscultation to make a diagnosis. In other words, it's an audition.
In addition, the patient may be referred for an MRI and an ultrasound chest examination to make a diagnosis. Treatment of extrasystolic arrhythmia depends on many factors.
Drug therapy
Any remedy should be prescribed only by a doctor. The following drugs are used in the treatment:
- Beta blockers.
- Magnesium and potassium preparations.
- Cordarone tablets.
- Cardiac glycosides.
- Drugs that reduce systolic stress (e.g. diuretics).
- B vitamins.
Conclusion
Now you know what extrasystolic arrhythmia is. Treatment with folk methodswithout medical supervision can lead to serious he alth problems. Therefore, it is best to seek help from a medical facility.
