High fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea are often a companion of both adults and children. Turning to the doctor, you will find out which disease manifests its symptoms in this way. Intestinal dysbacteriosis in adults and babies can manifest the same or very different. But what kind of disease is it, why is it dangerous and what signs should make you seek help from specialists?
What is dysbacteriosis?
Dysbacteriosis, or dysbiosis, is a violation of the balance of microflora in the intestine. It is very difficult to detect this type of disease, since its symptoms can be confused with other pathologies of the internal organs.
But there are also signs that will allow you to quickly make an accurate diagnosis and start treatment. How is intestinal dysbacteriosis manifested in adults? How are the symptoms different in children? We will understand further.
What causes a violation of the microflora in the intestine?
The human intestine contains a large number of bacteria. They can be divided into 3 maingroups:
- Useful - they help the normal functioning of not only the stomach and intestines, but the whole organism as a whole.
- Opportunistic pathogens - they do no harm, but there is no benefit from them either.
- Pathogenic - adversely affect the human body.
With bacteriosis, the number of beneficial bacteria is greatly reduced, and pathogenic ones increase, as a result, the intestines malfunction, which leads to various pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. But dysbacteriosis is a secondary disease, which is a consequence of another pathology. This is exactly the reason that needs to be found, only in this case it will be possible to remove all the symptoms of intestinal dysbacteriosis in adults and children.
Dysbacteriosis most often occurs as a result of exposure to the body of such factors:
- Wrong diet.
- Infection of the gut.
- Taking antibiotics and other medications.
- Immunodeficiency.
- Radiation and chemotherapy.
- Frequent stressful situations.
This leads to the fact that the symptoms begin to appear quite clearly. Intestinal dysbacteriosis in adults can develop as a result of long work in a hazardous enterprise or as a result of age-related changes in the flora.
Varieties of dysbacteriosis
Depending on what causes the disease, the following types of dysbacteriosis can be distinguished:
- Age.
- Seasonal.
- Nutritive, it develops for a reasonthe appearance of problems in the work of internal organs.
- Professional.
Such types of disease appear in quite he althy people. But this kind of intestinal disorder can be caused by other pathologies:
- Diseases of the stomach that occur with low levels of acidity.
- Failures in the pancreas.
- Pathologies of the liver and gallbladder.
- Irregularities in the intestinal tract.
- Malabsorption syndrome, which leads to a decrease in enzyme activity and digestive disorders.
Infectious diseases can also trigger symptoms. Intestinal dysbacteriosis in adults can often be caused by allergic diseases, immunodeficiency, hypovitaminosis, hypoxia - lack of oxygen in the tissues, or hypoxemia - reduced oxygen in the blood.
Degrees of dysbacteriosis
Today, doctors distinguish 3 degrees of the disease, and they depend on the severity of microflora disorders:
- The first is a significant decrease in the number and activity of beneficial microflora in the intestines.
- The second is the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria.
- Third - a large number of harmful microorganisms.
In addition, doctors classify the disease and thus:
- Weak bacteriosis, in which opportunistic pathogens are about 25%.
- Moderate bacteriosis, pathogenic microflora about 50%.
- When expresseddysbiosis, the number of bacteria reaches 75%.
- Pronounced dysbiosis is characterized by the almost complete displacement of beneficial microflora by pathogenic ones.
How does dysbacteriosis manifest itself in children?
The symptoms of intestinal dysbiosis in adults after antibiotics or any other exposure appear differently than in children. But all parents should know what complaints the child should make to seek help from a specialist:
- Weight disorders: no gain, drastic loss.
- Changes in the skin and mucosa: a feeling of dryness, peeling of the skin, erosion in the corners of the mouth, thrush, brightness of the mucosa, changes in the skin around the anus.
- Symptoms of the digestive system: loss of appetite, nausea, regurgitation that ends in vomiting, smell of rot, taste of metal, strong saliva, bloating and pain, gas formation, itching and burning in the anus.
Diarrhea or constipation
How does dysbacteriosis manifest itself in adults?
Symptoms of intestinal dysbacteriosis in adults (patient reviews say this) appear as follows:
- From the side of the stomach and intestines: loss of appetite, nausea with vomiting, taste of metal in the mouth, acute pain or contractions in the abdomen, flatulence, feeling that the intestines are not completely empty, stool disturbance.
- Hypovitaminosis: wounds in the corners of the mouth, dryness of the mucous membranes and skin.
- Allergic syndrome: itching andskin rash.
- General symptoms: weakness throughout the body, fatigue from work quickly sets in, frequent headaches.
Dysbacterial reactions - temporary short-term changes in the intestinal microflora, can also lead to the fact that symptoms begin to appear. Intestinal dysbacteriosis in adults can occur with a short exposure to adverse factors and disappear on its own after a few days, without the need for any therapeutic measures.
Dysbacteriosis in pregnant women
Very often the symptoms of dysbacteriosis are observed in pregnant women. During this period, many changes occur in the body, and as a result, intestinal dysbacteriosis appears. Symptoms and treatment in adult women bearing children can vary significantly depending on what triggered the disease. The following signs speak of him:
- Stomach discomfort.
- Heartburn.
- Meteorism.
- Diarrhea or constipation.
It is worth remembering that all these symptoms can appear during a normal pregnancy. The fetus grows and squeezes the internal organs, which can disrupt the natural functioning of the intestines. Only a doctor can accurately determine the cause of the symptoms of dysbacteriosis, therefore, in order not to harm, it is worth visiting a specialist.
How to diagnose dysbacteriosis?
In order to accurately diagnose, you need to conduct certain examinations, the most important of which is microbiologicalstudy of feces. It allows you to accurately determine the quality of the microflora.
In addition, this test allows you to immediately determine the sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms to drugs.
The analysis is carried out as follows: 1 g of feces is diluted in saline and sown on a nutrient medium. Violations can be diagnosed only if there is no growth of bifidobacteria and the content of Escherichia coli decreases sharply. Also, the symptoms of dysbacteriosis include the presence of such bacteria: staphylococci, proteus, fungi and others.
In addition to fecal analysis, the doctor may prescribe the following studies:
- Colonoscopy.
- Gastroscopy.
- Ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs.
It is already known how intestinal dysbacteriosis manifests its symptoms. Treatment in adults may be different, depending on the causes of the disease. How is dysbacteriosis treated?
Methods of therapy for dysbacteriosis
In order for the treatment to be as effective as possible, you need to choose the best scheme. In the complex, therapy should perform the following tasks:
- Restore the intestinal microflora.
- Eliminate foreign microorganisms.
- Restore immunity.
- Resume the work of the gastrointestinal tract, normalize peristalsis and motility.
This is the only way to eliminate intestinal dysbacteriosis, symptoms. Treatment in adults begins with the selection of drugs. But many patients often combine taking medicines with folk remedies.medicine. But you can’t do without medication, and the first thing you need to start taking is antibacterial drugs that will prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
So it will definitely be possible to eliminate the symptoms if "intestinal dysbacteriosis" is diagnosed. Treatment in adults (reviews only confirm this) will end successfully if drugs are included that will prevent the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms. If the presence of a fungus is detected, then it is recommended to add antifungal agents to the main treatment.
In addition, the scheme should include the intake of bacterial preparations, which contain live cultures. Therapy of dysbacteriosis is long and can take several months. It is imperative to start taking funds that normalize motor skills. It will not be possible to effectively cure pathology without following a diet.
What drugs are effective for dysbacteriosis?
For the treatment of dysbacteriosis to be effective, you need to choose the right scheme, and it should include the following groups of drugs:
- Prebiotics, the most typical representative is "Inulin", here you can also include "Duphalac". They contain substances that are not digested, but create favorable conditions for the intestinal microflora.
- Probiotics, for example, Multilac, Linex. These tablets contain live cultures.
- Antagonists. These drugs containbacteria that in no way belong to the obligate flora, but at the same time they do not allow opportunistic bacteria to multiply.
- Combined funds. They contain not only obligate flora bacteria, but also substances that normalize immunity.
- Synbiotics combine the properties of prebiotics and probiotics. Biovestin-lacto, M altidofilus, Bifido-bak are produced in our country.
- Intestinal antiseptics. These drugs are not absorbed, but effectively suppress the reproduction of pathogenic flora.
- Antibacterial drugs. They are prescribed only if the form of pathology is established. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the spectrum of sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics.
- Bacteriophages. To remove the signs of dysbacteriosis, you can start taking medicines containing viruses that adversely affect a certain type of bacteria.
After he began to clearly show his intestinal dysbacteriosis symptoms, treatment in adults, nutrition should be selected by a doctor who knows the causes that caused the pathology.
Nutrition for dysbacteriosis
During the treatment of dysbacteriosis, you need to adhere to a diet, completely exclude such products for the duration of therapy:
- Spicy and fried.
- Bitter and sour.
- Meat cooked on a fire or grill.
- Marinated products.
- Soda and alcoholic drinks.
- Smoked meats.
- Seafood.
- Canned vegetables.
It is better to give away for the duration of treatmentpreference for these products:
- Low-fat broths.
- Boiled rice.
- Vegetables and fruits boiled.
- Cottage cheese and kefir without additives.
- Fresh cucumbers.
- Potatoes and greens in small quantities.
- Fresh berries.
Only by following all the recommendations, you can get rid of all the symptoms of dysbacteriosis without he alth consequences. After all, the state of the whole organism depends on the work of our digestive tract.
