It's no secret that human blood can belong to one of four groups. They are genetically determined and are laid as early as the fifth week of embryo development, after which they do not change throughout life. This division is based on the presence of antigens and antibodies in the blood. Their combination and ratio determines a person's blood type. When determining the blood group, the presence of antigens (A and B) and antibodies (alpha and beta) are taken into account. The most common is the first blood group, which is also universal, i.e. suitable for all transfusions. But recently, the Ministry of He alth of the Russian Federation has banned transfusions if the groups do not match. Thus, the condition of identity must be met for the possibility of transfusion, despite the universality of the blood of the first group.
In addition, human blood has such a characteristic as the Rh factor. It can be negative and positive. Rhesus is a protein found on the surface of red blood cells. A negative blood type is distinguished by the absence of protein, which is by no meanspathology. It's just a feature of the blood. Rh-positive blood, on the contrary, has this protein in its composition. It is very important to take into account the Rh factor for blood transfusion. For example, if a patient has the first negative blood type, he should not be transfused with the first Rh-positive. This is fraught with a Rh conflict, which can only aggravate the patient's condition, and not help him. And even lead to death. Given that there are only about 15% of Rh-negative people on the planet, the first negative blood type is rare among them.
For transfusion, it is best to use the blood of the next of kin, as it most closely matches in composition, especially when it comes to the rare first negative group.
The course of pregnancy and childbirth in women.
There is a possibility that the first negative blood type can cause some problems for women during pregnancy. This is due to the occurrence of an Rh conflict due to a positive Rh in the fetus. But this is possible only with a positive Rh factor in the father of the child, who was inherited and the baby. But even in such cases, modern medicine is able to cope. It is only important to complete all the necessary procedures on time. If the father of the child also has a negative Rh factor, then the course of pregnancy will be no different from Rh-positive mothers. Otherwise, the first negative blood group has no contraindications for pregnancy and childbirth. It would also be nice if someonerelatives with the same blood will be on "combat alert" in case of a large blood loss in a woman in labor, in order to be able to quickly donate the necessary blood or its elements.
It is important for each person to know their blood type and Rh, in order to inform doctors if necessary. Some even make a special note in the passport, which helps to avoid wasting time on analysis in emergency situations.
