Several types of drugs are used to treat inflammatory processes occurring in the human body in acute and chronic forms. Some are non-steroidal in nature, others are directly related to hormones.
What does the drug do?
The last group of drugs that effectively treat inflammation is flucaticasone furoate. This trifluorinated compound is obtained synthetically. By its nature, this substance belongs to the hormones of the glucocorticosteroid group. The drug component has a fairly pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.
Having a high level of affinity for glucocorticoid receptors, it acts on different types of cells, such as macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils and others. Inflammatory mediators such as chemokines and cytokines are also affected.
How does it enter the body?
The peculiarity of this drug is that flucaticasone furoate cannot be completely absorbed by the body, as it is metabolized by the liver. Consequently,the substance is characterized by a weak systemic effect.
The following forms of use of this medicinal product are distinguished:
- Intranasal administration. With this method of drug treatment, its bioavailability depends on the dosage. If you take the drug at 110 mcg per day, then its content in the patient's blood is not actually detected. In the case of taking the drug at a dosage of 880 mcg three times in 24 hours, its bioavailability is 0.5%;
- If you take flucaticasone furoate in the form of inhalation, then its bioavailability indicator will be 27.3%.
This medicine can also be taken orally and intravenously.
This drug binds to plasma proteins at a rate of 99% or more. Moreover, it reacts slightly with erythrocytes. Flucaticasone furoate is quite efficiently metabolized in the liver and is broken down enzymatically to a harmless substance called fluticasone. This drug leaves the bloodstream fairly quickly.
If the drug was taken orally or intravenously, then it is almost completely removed from the intestines with bile and a negligible part is excreted by the kidneys.
Indications
Fluticasone furoate, the instructions for which must accompany the package with the medicine, is indicated for the following diseases:
- Allergic rhinitis year round.
- Obstructive pulmonary disease, including chronic.
- Bronchial asthma - as a supportingcombined treatment.
If you have pronounced syndromes, which are described above, then drugs based on this active substance can effectively cope with them. However, do not forget about the important fact about fluticasone furoate that it is a hormone. Only your doctor can prescribe this drug.
Contraindications
This pharmaceutical product has a number of contraindications and restrictions on use. It should not be taken in the following cases:
- Increased sensitivity to the main active ingredient.
- Children under 18 years of age (without special medical advice).
Limiting factors to taking this drug can be:
- Liver dysfunction.
- Pulmonary tuberculosis.
- Infectious diseases not cured completely or chronically.
Regarding the position on whether fluticasone furoate can be taken by pregnant and lactating women, the instructions for use indicate that there is not enough information about this. This drug should only be used when the risk to the fetus or baby is less than the expected benefit to the mother.
Side effects
The instructions for use indicate quite extensive side effects from taking this drug, which depend on the type of its use. With intranasal use of the drug, they are expressed as follows:
- Disturbances in the respiratory system: bleeding from the nose, the appearance of ulcers on its mucous membrane.
- Allergic manifestations: rashes on the body, angioedema, anaphylaxis, urticaria.
If fluticasone furoate, reviews of which are mostly positive, is used in the form of inhalations as part of combination drugs, the following side effects may occur:
- Infectious diseases: influenza, pneumonia, bronchitis and other similar phenomena of the upper respiratory tract. Oropharyngeal candidiasis may also develop.
- Disturbances in the normal functioning of the respiratory system, which can be expressed in the form of oropharyngeal pain, nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, cough, dysphonia and sinusitis.
- Diseases of the connective and musculoskeletal tissues: fractures, arthralgia, back pain.
- Also may cause abdominal pain, migraine, fever, extrasystole, glaucoma, reduced bone density, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal hypothalamus, stunted growth in children and adolescents, cataracts.
How to apply and how much?
Spray "Fluticasone furoate" can be taken intranasally once a day. Also, this drug can be used for inhalation in combined preparations.
The dosage of the drug is prescribed depending on the age of the patient from 27.5 to 55 mcg. To maintain the concentration of the active substance, 27.5 mcg of the drug is prescribed.
Manufacturers of this pharmaceutical product warn that during treatment with the drug it isexercise caution in carrying out activities that have a potential risk. These include activities that require special attention and a quick psychomotor reaction, such as driving a vehicle or operating machinery.
Drug Interactions
Caution is advised when using fluticasone furoate with ketoconazole.
It is also not recommended to co-administer with Ritonavir. This is due to the risk of enhancing the systemic action of fluticasone furoate.
Overdose
In a drug overdose study, patients received 24 times the recommended dose for more than 3 days. As a result, no adverse systemic manifestations were identified. But drug manufacturers warn that the effect of glucocorticosteroids may develop. In this situation, there is a need for medical supervision and appropriate treatment based on the symptoms.
Drugs
There are several drugs on the pharmaceutical market, the main active ingredient of which is fluticasone furoate: Avamys, Flutisan, Nazofan, Flutinex, Seroflo, Flohal and Flexonase. The most polar remedy from this line is the first named remedy. Avamis contains fluticasone furoate as the main active ingredient and is available as a convenient spray.
Avamys
This remedy has proven itself from the very best side in the treatmentallergic rhinitis. With this disease, not only swelling of the nasal mucosa and abundant discharge from it occur, but also eye manifestations in the form of lacrimation, itching, redness and uncomfortable sensations of "sand". This symptomatology significantly reduces the quality of a person’s daily life, negatively affects his performance and leads to significant expenses for therapy. Scientists have found that the main cause for allergic manifestations is the excitation of parasympathetic nerves, which is carried out by mediators of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal sinuses. With all the symptoms of allergic rhinitis, the drug "Avamys" does an excellent job. Fluticasone furoate, which is part of its composition as the main active ingredient, acts on the active sites of analyzer receptors, which as a result block the human body's reaction to allergens.
Thus, all unpleasant and even debilitating symptoms disappear, and the patient's quality of life improves significantly. Due to the fact that the main component has a high degree of affinity with receptors, their connection becomes very strong and long-lasting, which ensures a long-term effect of the drug.
All contraindications and side effects of this medication are directly related to the fact that the active ingredient of Avamys is fluticasone furoate, the instructions for which are given above. She warns that this hormonal pharmaceutical product should not be taken without a doctor's prescription.
Combination drugs
Also, for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, COPD and bronchial asthma, combined preparations containing fluticasone furoate, vilanterol and some auxiliary components are used. The most famous such medicine in our country is Relvar Ellipta.
This pharmaceutical product contains the following concentrations of active ingredients per dose:
- Fluticasone furoate micronized, 100 mcg.
- Vilanterol triphenate micronized, 40 mcg.
This medicine comes in the form of a metered powder for inhalation. It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator effect. "Relvar Ellippta" refers to drugs that have a bronchodilator effect, since the active ingredients are hormones: a selective beta-2-adrenergic agonist and a local glucocorticosteroid.
Indications for treatment with this drug are:
- Asthma, in which the drug is used for maintenance therapy.
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). With this diagnosis, treatment with the drug can significantly reduce exacerbations.
The described drug is intended exclusively for inhalation, which is performed once a day at a certain time (in the evening or in the morning). Manufacturers recommend rinsing the mouth with water after the procedure, but do not swallow it.
Asthma patients should take the drug, regardless ofthe presence of pronounced symptoms of the disease. If during the pause between courses of treatment there are obvious manifestations of the disease, then the doctor usually prescribes beta2-agonists of short action in the form of inhalations. The dosage is chosen only by the attending physician.
For adult patients and children over 12 years of age, the following concentrations of active ingredients (vilanterol trifenatate and flucatisone furotate, respectively) in one inhalation / 1 time per day can be prescribed:
- 22mcg + 92mcg;
- 22 mcg + 184 mcg.
The first dosage is prescribed by the doctor for those patients who require low or medium concentrations of active substances, as well as in the treatment of COPD in adults. It should be noted that it is not used for the treatment of chronic pulmonary obstruction in children. The same dosage is given to people with above-average liver dysfunction.
The second type of dosing is given to patients who need a higher concentration of active ingredients in the treatment of bronchial asthma, when the minimum dosage does not have the desired effect.
People over 65 years of age, as well as those who have kidney disease, do not need to adjust the drug.
To use this medicine, there is a special inhaler in the package, which has the nuances of operation and care. They are described in detail in the instructions and before use, you must carefully study the annotation.
A side effect of a drug can be expressed in the following forms:
- Quite common: upper respiratory infections, influenza, oropharyngeal candidiasis, pneumonia; migraine; extrasystole; nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, rhinitis, dysphonia, cough; stomach ache; fractures, arthralgia, back pain; fever.
- Rarely seen: hypersensitivity, rash, Quincke's edema, urticaria, anaphylaxis; anxiety state; tremor; tachycardia.
Contraindications to the use of Relvar Ellipta are:
- Allergy to milk protein or any component of the drug.
- Children under 12.
This pharmaceutical product should be used with caution in patients with severe cardiovascular disease, pulmonary tuberculosis and chronic infectious diseases.
Pregnant women are prescribed this drug only in cases where the issue of its benefits to the mother is decided, greater than the risk to the fetus. When lactating, this medicine is prescribed in conjunction with the refusal of breastfeeding and the elimination of the risk to the child.
The combined use of the drug "Relvar Ellippta" with beta-blockers should be avoided, except in cases of urgent need. You should also be careful when combining with Ketoconazole and Ritonavir.
Analogues
If fluticasone furoate cannot be used to treat allergic rhinitis, COPD or asthma, analogues of this medicine may be an acceptable alternative.
Your doctor, based onindividual characteristics of the body, prescribe the appropriate drug. Among the analogues of this drug can be noted:
- "Asmaneks";
- "Aurobin";
- Garazon;
- "Dexapos";
- Carizon;
- "Abistan";
- "Beklat" and some other drugs that are included in the same pharmaceutical group with flukatisone furotate.
Do not forget that medications should only be taken as prescribed by a doctor and only after carefully studying the instructions.
