Currently, ultrasound is one of the safest and most informative methods of instrumental diagnostics. However, until recently, it was impossible to assess the degree of functioning of the blood vessels serving the organ during the study. As a result, the Doppler method was developed. With its help, doctors were able to assess not only the condition of soft tissues, but also the degree of saturation of the organ with oxygen and nutrients. Very often, for the diagnosis of various pathologies, ultrasound dopplerography of the vessels of the kidneys is prescribed. UZDG allows you to identify the pathological process at the earliest stage of its development and take timely measures to stop it.
The essence of the method
During the diagnostics, the necessary area is irradiated with ultrasonic waves. If the object is stationary,the reflected echo has the same frequency as the original. This indicator changes if the detected body moves relative to the sensor. If it is closer, then the frequency is higher, further - less. It is the change between the indicators of the initial wave and the reflected echo signal that is commonly called the Doppler shift.
The difference directly depends on how fast the objects move. In this case, erythrocytes act as mobile bodies. It is on the speed of their movement that the method is based.
What reveals
During the study, the doctor can fully assess the functioning of the organ, as well as the veins and arteries serving it.
Dopplerography of the kidney vessels allows you to analyze the following indicators:
- movement speed of fluid connective tissue;
- blood flow density;
- degree of patency of renal veins and arteries.
Also, with the help of Doppler, the doctor can easily detect the presence of atherosclerotic plaques and blood clots.
Thus, the method allows timely detection of the development of the pathological process.
Indications
Ultrasound of the kidneys with dopplerography of the vessels of the kidneys is prescribed to assess the dynamics of changes in previously diagnosed pathologies. In addition, the procedure is indicated for patients who first came to the doctor with complaints.
Dopplerography of the vessels of the kidneys is prescribed in the presence of the following alarming symptoms:
- Discomfort and pain in the lumbar region wearing regularcharacter.
- Severe swelling of the face and limbs.
- Frequent episodes of renal colic.
- The presence of blood in the urine.
- Increase in white blood cells and protein in urine.
- Disorders of the cardiovascular system against the background of high diastolic pressure.
- Suspicion of damage to the blood vessels of the kidneys after injury.
- Hypertension of any etiology.
- Vasculitis.
- Diabetes mellitus.
- Suspicion of the development of a malignant process.
In addition, Doppler ultrasound of the kidney vessels is indicated for pregnant women suffering from toxicosis in recent months. The procedure is also performed in persons with organ developmental anomalies, which can be both congenital and acquired.
UZDG is mandatory for people who have undergone a kidney transplant. Based on the results of the study, the doctor can judge the success of the operation.
Preparation
The presence of gases in the intestines greatly complicates the process of diagnosis. Preparation for dopplerography of the vessels of the kidneys is to get rid of the bubbles.
To do this, you must follow the following rules:
- 2 days before the procedure, you need to make adjustments to the diet. The patient needs to follow a diet based on the exclusion of foods that increase gas formation. These include: cabbage (all kinds), milk, kefir, legumes,bakery and confectionery products, raw vegetables and fruits, chocolate, coffee, carbonated drinks.
- For 3 days you need to start taking sorbents. Dosage regimen: 2 tablets three times a day. Against the background of taking these drugs, gas formation is significantly reduced. As a rule, doctors prescribe the following remedies: Espumizan, Activated Charcoal, Filtrum.
- The study is conducted on an empty stomach. The last meal should take place at least 8 hours before the Doppler ultrasound. In addition, drinking water is also not recommended. If the study is scheduled to take place in the afternoon, a light breakfast is acceptable. However, food is allowed in this case at least 6 hours before the procedure.
- Medication must be stopped within a few days. If this is not possible for he alth reasons, the doctor should be informed about this. Cancellation of admission is not carried out if the patient has coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and other serious pathologies.
Dopplerography of renal vessels is not performed after colonoscopy and FGDS. This is due to the fact that in the process of diagnosis, a large amount of gases enters the intestine. As a result, the doctor loses the opportunity to assess the functioning of the kidney vessels. Ultrasound is carried out a few days after the above studies.
Carrying out the procedure
Diagnosis does not take much of the patient's time. As a rule, the duration of the procedure is no more thanhalf an hour.
Algorithm for Dopplerography of renal vessels:
- Patient removes clothing from upper torso.
- The subject lies down on the couch and turns on his side.
- The doctor applies gel to the transducer to ensure good contact between the device and the skin.
- The specialist moves the instrument over the required area of the body. All reflected waves are captured by the sensor and converted into an image. His doctor sees on the monitor. At the same time, all pictures are dynamic and allow you to evaluate the work of the kidneys and blood vessels in real time.
The procedure is not associated with the occurrence of pain. Ultrasound is a non-invasive method, in connection with which the patient can immediately begin his daily activities after receiving the conclusion.
Normal indicators
For people with he althy kidneys, the test results should be as follows:
- The paired organ is bean-shaped.
- Indicator of mobility in the process of breathing - no more than 3 cm.
- The edges of the outer contour of the organ are smooth and clear.
- Both kidneys are the same size. Deviation up to 2 cm is not pathological.
- The system of pelvises and cups is not visible. This area becomes anechoic when the bladder is full.
- The right kidney is slightly lower than the left one.
- The echo density of the pyramids is less than that of the parenchyma.
- Normal anterior-posterior dimensions of the organ - no more than 15 mm.
- Echogenicity of the kidneys and liverthe same.
If the concepts of “Bertin's columns” and “partial hypertrophy of the cortex” are indicated in the conclusion, there is no need to be afraid. These conditions are normal and do not require immediate medical attention.
Where to do it
You can get diagnosed in both private and public medical institutions. Currently, most clinics are equipped with modern equipment. The procedure is carried out by highly qualified specialists who, if necessary, will help to decipher the results of Doppler ultrasound.
Information regarding the provision of the service must be obtained directly from the registry of the medical institution. To visit a private clinic, it is enough to pre-register by phone. As for budgetary institutions, you first need to issue a referral for diagnostics from a therapist.
Cost
The price of the study directly depends on the region of residence, the level of the medical institution and the qualifications of specialists. For example, in Rostov, dopplerography of kidney vessels in children and adults will cost about 1000-1200 rubles. In Moscow, the cost of the study is somewhat higher. The average price in the capital is 2000 rubles. In Kazan, dopplerography of kidney vessels costs about 1,000 rubles. In the Far East prices are lower. For example, in Vladivostok, diagnostics will cost 800 rubles.
In closing
Vascular Dopplerography is a modern method that allows you to assess the degree of functioning of the veins and arteries that feedorgan under study. The expediency of his appointment is determined by the doctor on the basis of existing complaints and history data. With the help of Doppler sonography, it is possible to detect the development of the pathological process even at the earliest stage. In order for the diagnostic results to be as informative as possible, it is necessary to prepare for it. It is important to make dietary adjustments and stop taking medications.
