HIV today is not a sentence. Patients can live peacefully with this disease, work, start a family. All that needs to be done is to be regularly treated with antiretroviral chemotherapy drugs. All these drugs are divided into three classes: HIV protease inhibitors, nucleoside and non-nucleoside HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
It is worth remembering that antiretroviral drugs cannot completely cure AIDS. There is also no way to protect yourself from infection. Medicines only prevent the reproduction of the virus, help to improve the patient's condition. The most requested antiretroviral drugs will be described below.
Lamivudine
The agent belongs to the group of nucleoside inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase. The antiviral agent penetrates the cells and is metabolized there, thereby causing inhibition of viral replication. The method of therapy for HIV infection using the drug "Lamivudine" shows high efficiency. The agent is also active against the hepatitis B virus. The drug is quickly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Within an hour after taking the drug, plasma bioavailability reaches 80%. Communication with plasma proteins is 30%. Coststake into account that the active ingredient easily penetrates the placental barrier.
Lamivudine is used to treat HIV in adults and children. Most often, the drug is used as part of complex therapy (other antiviral agents are additionally used to treat HIV). Also, the medication can be prescribed for chronic viral hepatitis B. The drug is not contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation. The tool can be used for the treatment of infants. It is worth stopping the use of drugs only if hypersensitivity to the components occurs.
Drug Interactions
Joint reception of funds "Lamivudine" and "Zimavudin" is possible. In this case, it should be taken into account that the bioavailability of drugs will significantly decrease. It is not recommended to simultaneously use drugs that have didanosine or sulfanilamine in their composition. Neglect of this recommendation can lead to exacerbation of pancreatitis. Significantly increases the concentration of the active substance - lamivudine - in the blood of the drug "Trimethoprim".
Therapy is carried out only as directed by a doctor. It will not be possible to buy Lamivudine at a pharmacy without a prescription. The price of the medicine is 3500 rubles. The dosage and treatment regimen is set by a specialist, based on the individual characteristics of the patient's body, as well as the form of the disease.
The drug should be used with caution in violation of kidney function. The medication may be prescribeda specialist in the minimum dosage if the CC is less than 50 ml / min. When developing a treatment regimen, the doctor must take into account that the active ingredient is excreted mainly by the kidneys. People with impaired liver function do not require dosage adjustment. With the appearance of such alarming symptoms as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, the drug "Lamivudine" should be canceled. The specialist examines the patient. Therapy can only be resumed when the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis has been ruled out.
An effective tool in the treatment of HIV infection is Lamivudine. The price of the drug is relatively low. It is worth remembering that no medicines can protect against infection through blood or sexual contact. The medicine cannot be used as a prophylaxis.
Didanosine
An antiviral drug has high activity against HIV. Specialists quite often use the tool "Didanosine". The instruction describes the method of application, indications and dosage. The drug is available in the form of tablets, chewable tablets, capsules. They can also be used to prepare a suspension. The active ingredient is didanosine. Additionally, substances such as aspartame, magnesium hydroxide, titanium dioxide, sorbitol, calcium carbonate, magnesium stearate and tangerine flavor are used. The product is available in dosages of 100, 125, 200 and 400 mg.
Didanosine is a synthetic analog of the nucleoside dioxyadenosine that inhibits the HIV response in the cells of the body. The bioavailability of the active ingredient reaches 60% throughhour after taking the medicine inside. The drug will be more effective if it is used one hour before a meal or 2 hours after a meal. Use together with food products leads to a decrease in the bioavailability of the active ingredient by 50%. The drug is excreted by the liver and kidneys. Didanosine metabolism is directly related to the degree of renal impairment.
The drug can only be used in combination with other antiviral drugs for the treatment of HIV infection. The drug is allowed to be prescribed to women during the period of gestation and lactation. The remedy "Didanosine" is not contraindicated for children. The drug is not prescribed only for babies under three years of age. It is necessary to cancel the medication if there is an increased sensitivity to the main component. People with impaired liver function should use the drug with caution.
How to take medicine?
The dosage is set by the doctor depending on the severity of the disease, as well as the individual characteristics of the patient's body. Antiretroviral therapy can be carried out according to the recommendations specified in the instructions. The daily rate depends on body weight. People weighing less than 60 kg should take no more than 250 mg per day. For patients weighing more than 60 kg, the dosage can reach 400 mg. Capsules are taken once a day. They cannot be chewed. You should drink plenty of water. It is recommended to carry out therapy in the morning, on an empty stomach.
Pills can also be used forsuspension preparation. All you need to do is dilute the product with a little boiled water. The entire daily rate can be divided into two doses. The prepared suspension cannot be stored for more than an hour. In the evening, the remedy should be taken at bedtime, 2 hours after eating. For children under 5 years of age, the medicine is prescribed only in the form of a suspension.
Patients over 70 undergo dose adjustments. This is due to the fact that in old age, kidney function is impaired. The standard daily allowance can lead to the development of side effects such as pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis. On the part of the gastrointestinal tract, such unpleasant phenomena as dry mouth, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting can develop. In case of deterioration of he alth, the patient is recommended to consult a specialist. Perhaps the drug will be discontinued. The doctor will prescribe a quality substitute ("Thymidine" or analogues of "Thymidine", "Abacavir", "Lamivudine").
Videx
The active ingredient in this medicine is also didanosine. Antiretroviral drugs from this group are widely used in the treatment of HIV infection. The positive is the fact that the medicine can also be used for infants. For young patients, Videx is prescribed in the form of a powder for the preparation of a suspension. The dosage is calculated individually in accordance with the degree of infection, as well as the individual characteristics of the patient's body. The drug is not used only if hypersensitivity todidanosine.
Antiretroviral therapy is given as soon as an infection is detected. As a prophylaxis, the drug is not used. The drug has practically no contraindications. Videx tablets or powder do not cause the development of side effects if the dosage regimen is correctly selected. The drug should be discontinued if pancreatitis is suspected.
Zidovudine
An antiviral drug has high activity against HIV. The active ingredient is zidovudine. Instructions for use also describe excipients. These include pregelatinized starch, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose. The film shell consists of titanium dioxide, polydextrose, glyceryl caprylocaprate. The drug is used as part of a combination therapy for HIV-1 infection. During pregnancy, the drug can be used as a prevention of perinatal transmission of the virus from mother to fetus.
The medicine has a number of contraindications. Zidovudine tablets are not prescribed for children, as well as adult patients whose weight does not exceed 30 kg. In rare cases, hypersensitivity to the active ingredient may develop. The drugs are taken orally, regardless of the meal. Those who have purchased Zidovudine 300 must use two tablets per day. If the patient weighs more than 60 kg, you will have to take 20 mg of the drug twice a day.
Belongs to a groupexpensive drugs "Zidovudine". The price of one package of 60 tablets exceeds 10,000 rubles.
Abacavir
The active ingredient of the tablets is abacavir sulfate. The drug is widely used in antiviral therapy for HIV. Additionally, the composition of the tablets includes the following components: microcrystalline cellulose, yellow iron oxide, polysorbate, titanium dioxide, magnesium stearate, yellow opadry, triacetin. The drug can only be used as part of combination therapy. Tablets "Abacavir" are not prescribed for hypersensitivity to the main component. The drug is contraindicated in small patients whose body weight does not exceed 14 kg. Caution should be exercised in patients with renal insufficiency.
The dosage of the drug is calculated individually according to the form of infection of the patient. For adults, the average daily allowance is 600 mg per day (divided into three doses). The use of tablets in an increased dosage may lead to the development of an allergic reaction.
Also referred to as an expensive tool "Abacavir". The price of one pack of tablets can exceed 15,000 rubles.
Ziagen
The active ingredient, as in the previous case, is abacavir sulfate. The drugs are analogues and may well replace each other. Means "Ziagen" is effectively used in the complex therapy of HIV infection. The medicine allows you to improve the patient's condition, return to a full life. Tablets have practically no contraindications. The drug is not prescribed only for patients weighingwhich does not exceed 14 kg.
The daily dose of the drug is determined by the doctor. The form of the disease is taken into account, as well as the individual characteristics of the patient (weight, age). Children whose weight does not exceed 20 kg are prescribed half a tablet twice a day. The daily allowance for an adult patient can reach three tablets per day.
Incorrect use of the drug can lead to the development of side effects. It is worth seeking help from a doctor if symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting develop. These phenomena may indicate pancreatitis. Also, allergic reactions in the form of rash and itching are often observed.
Ziagen tablets may well replace Zidovudine. The price of drugs is almost the same.
Olithid
An antiviral drug has activity against HIV infection. The active ingredient is abacavir sulfate. The drug is available in the form of a powder for the preparation of a suspension, as well as tablets. Means "Olitid" can only be part of complex therapy. The drug is not used on its own. The dosage of the drug is determined by the doctor. In the form of tablets, the drug can only be used for patients whose weight exceeds 14 kg. With caution, tablets "Olitid" are prescribed in old age. This is due to the risk of impaired kidney function.
Antiretroviral drugs, including the medicine "Olitide", are used strictly according to the prescription of a specialist. Buy medicines ata pharmacy without a prescription will fail.
Retrovir
The drug is widely used as part of the complex therapy of HIV. After oral administration, the drug is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The active ingredient easily penetrates the placental barrier. This is taken into account when developing a treatment regimen for pregnant women. The drug can be used as a prophylaxis for occupational HIV infection. This is especially important for laboratory workers who conduct research on contaminated materials.
The dosage of the drug is set individually by the attending physician. The maximum daily allowance for adults cannot exceed 600 mg. Experts recommend dividing it into three doses. It will be more effective if taken on an empty stomach. If you experience any side effects, you should consult your doctor.
