According to doctors, over the past decades, the number of diseases associated with the appearance of pathological neoplasms in human organs and tissues has increased by an order of magnitude. One of them is a kidney cyst. Symptoms and treatment of this disease are determined by the number, structure, size, localization of neoplasms. In its simplest form, a cyst is a rounded sac of connective tissue filled with a mostly clear yellowish fluid. Less commonly, its cavity is filled with a gaseous or semi-solid substance.
In what cases does a kidney cyst become life-threatening? Symptoms and treatment will directly depend on the nature of the course and the degree of neglect of the disease.
Main characteristics of the disease
- The size of a cyst can vary from a millimeter to a dozen centimeters, over time, the formation can increase in size.
- Found in the parenchyma of the kidney, in the area of the pelvis and both poles.
- At the initial stages of development, the disease is almost asymptomatic.
- Most often, a neoplasm is diagnosed in a single amount withone side. For example, only a cyst of the left kidney can be detected on ultrasound. Treatment in any case is selected individually for each patient. But a cystic lesion can also be multiple in nature, with both kidneys at once.
- A cyst is a benign formation, but in some cases there is a risk of developing oncology.
Diagnostic Methods
- Computed and magnetic resonance imaging.
- Ultrasound and x-ray.
- Laboratory tests (urinalysis).
The place where the kidney cyst is formed, the symptoms and treatment, the possibility of manifestation of complications largely depend on the cause of the disease and on the state of human he alth. Congenital pathologies are rare and can be detected in early childhood. Most often, the cyst is acquired. Among the causes are injuries, genetic predisposition, the consequences of infectious and parasitic diseases, and other diseases of the excretory system.
Symptoms indicating a kidney cyst
Often, patients complain of nagging pain in the lower back, hypochondrium. At the same time, blood pressure and thirst may increase. The size of the affected kidney increases to such an extent that it can be felt under the skin, although this is not normally possible. In severe cases, there are renal colic, severe pain, the presence of blood in the urine, a violation of its outflow, and swelling. Purulent processes are accompanied by intense heat. The rapid growth of neoplasmsleads to compression of the organ and the development of renal failure. Ruptures of the cyst create a serious risk of blood poisoning. Quite often, during a general examination, a kidney cyst is accidentally detected. Symptoms and treatment require careful study and individual approach. In no case should you resort to self-medication.
How to get rid of a kidney cyst
There are the following methods of treating cysts:
- Puncture treatment under ultrasound control followed by the introduction of special substances into the formation cavity to prevent relapses.
- Surgical interventions, including laparoscopy, which are performed to completely remove pathological formations.
If PKD does not bother the patient, then the doctor does not prescribe special treatment. But the patient is advised to control nutrition, completely eliminate the use of alcohol, and play sports. In addition, periodic examinations should be carried out, as cysts can increase in size over time. This can lead to the development of kidney failure and squeezing of organs. To prevent this, the doctor prescribes puncture treatment.
When the disease affects both kidneys and proceeds with complications, the risk of developing hypertension and chronic pyelonephritis increases. In this case, special treatment and surgery will be required.
In some cases, they do without operations. Then the patient is prescribed special drugs and traditional medicine. Beyond Painkillersmedicines, prescribe drugs that normalize intrarenal pressure. The patient will have to drink a rather long course of antibiotics belonging to the groups of penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides. A good effect is given by the drugs "Levomycetin", "Erythromycin", "Ciprofloxacin", "Tetracycline". Bed rest is recommended if the patient complains of bleeding. But most often, medical treatment is combined with surgery.
