Today, in dental clinics, each patient can choose any material for himself. There are many types of dental cement, which are distinguished by aesthetics, strength and durability. To preserve and restore the attractiveness of a diseased tooth, the establishment of a crown will help. Any dentist knows that prosthetics will be successful only if high quality dental cement is used for reliable fixation.
Properties
Quality dental cement must have certain properties. The first is to be biocompatible. Only in this case, it will firmly attach to the real tooth. As a result, the likelihood that the filling will fall out and develop intermediate caries will be minimized.
The material must have an optimal hardening time. There should be enough time for the doctor to slowly place a high-quality filling. It should also be taken into account that it will be difficult for the patient to sit with his mouth open for a long time while waiting for the material to harden.
Toothcementitious compound must:
- be hypoallergenic;
- have a uniform structure. In this case, the mixture will be able to adhere tightly to the rest of the tooth. As a result, there will be no empty cavity where bacteria that cause caries can multiply;
- to be extremely durable. The strong mixture is able to withstand a lot of chewing and grinding of solid food.
The material in its structure and color should be as close as possible to the enamel given by nature, and also not succumb to staining. Over time, the filling should not lose its original color, despite exposure to different dyes.
Varieties
Dentistry uses different types of adhesives, for example, there are those that are used for removable dental bridges. This cement works for about 24 hours. During this time, the composition does not harden, remains elastic. Buy this dental cement at a pharmacy. Often compounds are used to hold together a broken bridge.
The advantage of this type of adhesive masses is that they freshen breath, and also have antibacterial properties. Only a dentist should prescribe the product necessary to install and fix dentures.
Bite and duration of fastening depend on the composition and type of cement. So, the cement composition, which is intended for fixing false dentures, is valid only for a day, and for crowns - for several weeks.
You can buy material of different consistency:
- liquid;
- semi-liquid;
- thick.
Thick and viscous cement is always taken more than semi-liquid or liquid.
Materials
There are 5 main types of dental cement, which differ in the materials used in the manufacture of the mixture, these are:
- polymer;
- phosphate;
- silicate-phosphate;
- glass ionomer;
- polycarboxylate.
Pros and cons of the polymer type
The positive qualities of polymer compounds include:
- excellent strength;
- presence of a homogeneous structure;
- maximum viscosity.
Thanks to the last two properties, there are no gaps between the enamel, cement and soft tissues of the tooth.
The disadvantages of polymers are frequent allergies and a clear distinction between natural enamel and filling material.
Pros and cons of the phosphate species
Phosphate permanent dental cement has a number of undeniable advantages. It contains zinc powder and phosphoric acid. Due to its strength, it is excellent for filling teeth that experience a lot of stress when chewing. The formula mixes easily and sets quickly.
There are also disadvantages, and they are as follows:
- Increased acidity. If the composition gets on the pulp, then the nerve endings may become inflamed.
- No antibacterial action.
- In the future there isthe possibility of clouding of the material, which will lead to a change in the color of the filling.
Pros and cons of polycarboxylate type
The main component is a specially treated zinc oxide, no residual products, quickly reacting with polyacrylic acid. The positive properties of polycarboxylate compounds are the rare occurrence of allergies, good adhesion to enamel and dentin. The curing time is 7-8 minutes, which is optimal.
Minus - insufficient strength, because it is a temporary dental cement. It is used only for non-permanent fillings and fixation of prostheses. Distilled water is required to dilute these formulations.
Pros and cons of the silicate phosphate species
These cements contain aluminosilicate glass in powder, which is diluted with phosphoric acid. Silicate-phosphate mixtures have their advantages. One of them is versatility. They can be used for any purpose. This material has a high strength. Just like natural enamel, silicate-phosphate mixtures are partially transparent.
The disadvantage is that it hardens very quickly. Within 5 minutes, the doctor must put a seal, which often affects its quality. The material is only available in powder-liquid form.
Pros and cons of the glass ionomer type
The liquid part of the material is represented by polyacrylic acid. Glass ionomer dental cement stands out for its antibacterial qualities. It minimizes the risk of developing caries. Benefits include:
- bestcombination of strength and elasticity;
- excellent aesthetic qualities;
- no allergic reaction;
- high biocompatibility;
- dye resistance.
However, the material hardens for a very long time. Although the main solidification takes 6 minutes, however, during the day it reacts to irritants. In addition, glass ionomers are poorly polished.
Issue form
In the composition of dental cement there is a powder and a liquid, which, when mixed, form a paste-like mass. In the process of solidification, it begins to harden and becomes like a stone. The components enter into a chemical reaction, as a result of which hardening occurs.
Dental cement is available as:
- Separate liquid and powder. This form is used most often. The filling material is prepared manually by the doctor right before use. In this case, you can adjust the density of the composition, however, if the dentist does not have the proper experience, the mixture may turn out to be very thick or liquid.
- Powder. Distilled water is used here.
- Ready mixes in vacuum syringes. They are prepared in a standard way, their liquid and dry parts are optimally matched.
- Individual dosage capsules with liquid and powder.
Recommendations from experts
Before installing a crown on a damaged tooth, it is ground, and then dental cement is applied, specially designed for this purpose. Thanks to this materi althe crown is attached very firmly, does not move when chewing. After hardening, this material becomes very durable. A prosthesis fixed with this mass can stand for more than 10 years, while a person does not experience any unpleasant taste and smell emanating from it.
Even when buying the strongest adhesive, there is no guarantee that it will be able to withstand heavy loads. It often happens that the crown falls off and you have to go to the dentist. If it is impossible to visit a doctor, you can try to solve the problem yourself at home.
Home use
Home-used dental cement can be purchased at a pharmacy. In its composition, it differs from that used by dentists. However, with its help, you can fix the crown for a while before going to the doctor. It must be borne in mind that it is impossible to walk with a prosthesis fixed in this way for a long time.
Before sticking the dropped crown, it is cleaned of old cement with a special solvent liquid and a brush. These drugs are sold in tablet form. A clean prosthesis is washed in water and dried. If the crown is wet, the bond will not be strong.
Then the adhesive is applied to the crown, which is put in place. How to make dental cement at home is indicated in the instructions for the material that is purchased at the pharmacy. When buying any cement, you need to make sure that it is compatible with a crown or denture.
The important point is the accurate and even installation of the crown. Then for a few minutes you need to tightly clench your teeth. For thistime, the prosthesis will firmly adhere to the tooth and fall into place. If suddenly, when pressed, excess dental cement comes out, they need to be removed. This material is non-toxic. After that, it is forbidden to drink and eat for at least half an hour.
If the teeth are properly cared for, then this kind of correction will last from 14 to 21 days. Teeth must be brushed carefully, and food should be chewed on the other side, then the crown will not fall off ahead of time. It should be noted that not all pharmacies sell dental cement. There are both cheap and expensive options. It is highly recommended that you consult your doctor before purchasing any type.
