Arrhythmia is a violation of the frequency and rhythm of heart contractions. Because of this, diseases and various disorders in the autonomic, endocrine, electrolyte and other structures of the body can develop. Often there are metabolic disorders that are caused by arrhythmia of the heart. Treatment should be urgent and as effective as possible. This disease is characterized by the fact that the rhythm of contraction of the heart muscle changes. Normally, the pulse should be between 60 and 90 beats per minute. The heart can slow down or speed up. This is what will be called arrhythmia.
Causes of occurrence
It is very important to understand why cardiac arrhythmia occurs. Nervous shocks or anatomical problems can lead to it. Very often, problems with the autonomic structure of the body are symptoms of the disease.
If we consider the pathologies that lead to cardiac arrhythmia, the treatment of which we will consider further, then the following should be noted:
- Surgical interventions, vice,myocarditis, as well as coronary heart disease, are often harbingers of the disease.
- If we consider provoking factors that can affect the functioning of the heart, it should be noted depression and stress, a huge amount of physical activity, metabolic problems, vice, hypertension, complications with the thyroid gland, fungal infections, menopause, " problems" with the brain, as well as excessive use of alcohol, caffeine, drugs and so on.
There is an idiopathic arrhythmia in which the cause cannot be determined.
Disease classification
There are several types of cardiac arrhythmias (there are also several types of treatments) depending on the frequency of the heart.
There is sinus arrhythmia, bradycardia and tachycardia.
The first is a situation in which heart beats have an abnormal rhythm. This type occurs in children and adolescents. May be related to breathing. For example, when inhaling, the heart starts to beat faster, while exhaling - slower.
Sinus-type tachycardia is a condition in which a person's heart rate is more than 190 beats per minute.
In bradycardia, the heart rate drops to less than 55 beats. Sometimes this happens in the order of the norm in people who play sports during the rest period.
There is also paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (the treatment of this pathology is difficult) and tachycardia. As for the latter, here we are talking about too fast work of the heart. Atthis pulse will reach from 140 to 240 beats per minute. This pathology occurs spontaneously and also disappears abruptly.
As for atrial fibrillation, the symptoms and treatment of this disease are quite complex. Here we are talking about rather dangerous manifestations. A person may experience pallor, sweating, weakness, and fainting. In this case, the pulse reaches up to 240 during an attack. The reasons, as a rule, are impulses in the atria, which are superfluous. This causes the heart muscle to work too fast.
Extrasystole is that a person's heart muscle contracts prematurely. A person can feel its manifestation as a fading, or as an intensified push. It is depending on the above type of arrhythmia that the doctor selects the treatment.
Symptomatics
When a person has an arrhythmia, symptoms and treatment may vary. This is due to the fact that a problem with the rhythm of heart contractions can affect the nervous system, intracardiac as well as the kidney. The main signs of arrhythmia should be called a feeling of palpitations or the appearance of interruptions in the work of the heart, and fading may also occur. Sometimes there is dizziness, weakness, fainting, suffocation, and so on.
Depending on the form of cardiac arrhythmia (the causes and treatment are different), the symptoms also differ. If a person irregularly feels a frequent heartbeat, then he has atrial fibrillation. If there is any discomfort, and fading is also felt, then we are talking about sinus arrhythmia. If talking aboutextrasystole, the patient will complain that he feels a push in the heart area or a fading.
If a person feels a heartbeat, then he has sinus tachycardia. If we are talking about paroxysmal tachycardia, then, as a rule, there are quite mild symptoms. There is only an excessive increase in heart rate: from 140 to 220 beats per minute.
If a person has fainting and dizziness, then we can talk about sinus bradycardia. Sometimes there are also “silent” arrhythmias (their causes and treatment are complex), in which there are no symptoms. As a rule, such problems are detected by chance on electrocardiography or during examination.
Diagnosis
If there is reason to suspect that a person has an arrhythmia, the doctor will order a heart examination. This will allow you to find out not only the type of disease, but also its causes.
The main methods are listening to the area of the heart, as well as electrocardiography. If the pathology is not permanent, then special monitoring is carried out. It is performed in a hospital. To do this, around the clock fix the process of heartbeat. Use special sensors.
Sometimes passive research is not enough, so the doctor can provoke the occurrence of arrhythmia by artificial means. For this, tests are carried out: these are physical exercises, a test with an inclined table, as well as an electrophysiological study. Depending on the results of the diagnostics obtained, a method of treating atrial fibrillation or pathology of any other form is revealed.
Treatment
If an arrhythmia was detected during the diagnosis, then it is necessary to determine the symptoms, type and causes before prescribing therapy. To restore normal heart function, it is sometimes necessary to change therapies. This will get rid of the disease that caused the arrhythmia. In other cases, either drug treatment or surgical intervention is necessary, which is prescribed after an electrocardiogram. Atrial fibrillation can be treated in both ways.
During drug therapy, various types of blockers are used. If we are talking about surgical intervention, then it is necessary at the stages at which degradation of the work of the heart occurs. In this case, several procedures are assigned.
Can perform catheter ablation, do pacing, also insert implants. In order to cure arrhythmia, you need to contact a cardiologist. It is not recommended to use medications on your own, since it is very difficult to identify at home what type of arrhythmia a person has, especially when it comes to treating flickering arrhythmia of the heart. In mild stages, you can be cured under the supervision of a doctor, visiting him several times a week. If we are talking about a severe case, then its treatment takes place in a hospital. The doctor selects therapy based on the diagnosis. For the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia, pills are prescribed first.
Treatment with traditional methods
As a rule, in order to get rid of arrhythmia by traditional methods, a special pacemaker is used. It should be installed only if a person has sinus arrhythmia or some other types in which the pulse drops to 40 beats or less. If there are no special clinical manifestations of bradycardia, then general therapy is suitable. Urgent surgery is not needed here.
Sometimes, with atrial fibrillation, the symptoms can be paroxysmal, sometimes permanent. It all depends on how the rhythm is broken. Now rare attacks are very easy to stop. In order to get rid of permanent ones, you need to see a doctor, as this can result in a stroke. In order to stop the attack, use "Quinidine" or "Novocainamide". In recent years, a large number of interesting medicines have been developed that allow you to stop seizures and put a person in order. At the same time, a person should receive help within the first 48 hours, otherwise blood clots and other complications may appear. The simplest means of treating cardiac arrhythmia should definitely be in everyone's first aid kit.
Life-threatening is gastric tachycardia. With it, you need to urgently consult a doctor, as clinical death may occur. In this case, only special drugs will help. It is necessary to put the patient on a hard surface, and if there is vomiting, then turn his head to the side. Next, you should check whether he is breathing, and if not, then begin to provide artificial respiration. Before the arrival of the ambulance, you can use alternative treatment for heart arrhythmia.
Prevention
If a person already knows about a pathology such as arrhythmia, then you need to understand that it is useless to treat it if preventive measures are not followed. You need to constantly do morning exercises, monitor the level of sugar, you should also pay attention to your pressure.
It is necessary to give up negative habits, monitor your weight, and accordingly keep it in the order of the norm. You need to lead a calm and even way of life, without being exposed to any emotions. You also need to add natural products to your food that will make you feel better. If a person has the first signs of arrhythmia, you should immediately consult a doctor. In this case, complications will not arise, the condition will not get worse. Only if preventive measures are followed, a person will not get sick, and he will not need to know the methods of treating atrial fibrillation, the causes and symptoms of its manifestation.
Folk remedies
Often, the decision to treat cardiac arrhythmia with folk remedies is caused by the patient's lack of results with traditional drug therapy.
It should be noted that when such a diagnosis is made, folk remedies must be used in combination with medicines. Only in this case they will give a positive effect. Herbs will speed up the healing process, but they are not able to completely cure a person.
- You can use valerian, hawthorn and motherwort in one decoction. It is necessary to brew the mixture, put in the refrigerator for two days. The remedy should be taken one teaspoon 30 minutes before takingfood. This will allow you to get rid of the causes of atrial fibrillation during treatment.
- It is necessary to pour 30 hawthorn berries and leave for 15 minutes in boiling water. The decoction should be taken in equal portions in one day.
- It is necessary to cut half a kilogram of lemon, pour honey, mix all this composition. Take one tablespoon in the morning and evening.
- You need to boil water, add a collection of herbs for the heart and adonis to it, you need to cook the resulting mixture for no more than 5 minutes, and over low heat. Strained broth should be stored in the refrigerator. You need to take it 3 times a day, one spoonful.
Arrhythmia in children
In children, the appearance of symptoms of atrial fibrillation (treatment is rather complicated) is due to the fact that their structure of impulse transmission is changing. The reasons must be looked for quite carefully in order to completely cure the child. As a rule, in the presence of arrhythmia in a young person, tachycardia occurs in the ventricles, atrial flutter, often atrial fibrillation develops. Supraventricular tachycardia occurs, and then, as a rule, a syndrome is detected in which electrical impulses arrive at the ventricle faster than they should. Sometimes too early atrial contractions may occur. It was about an arrhythmia, which is associated with the atria.
As for the pathology of the gastric type, here the child may experience irregular heartbeats, tachycardia in the ventricles, in which signals arrive at different speeds, as well as extra beatshearts either early.
If a child has bradycardia, then he has problems with a slow rhythm of the heartbeat, and there may also be a delay or lack of electrical impulse entering the ventricle.
It should be noted that the symptoms of cardiac arrhythmia, causes and treatment are completely dependent on the maturity of the child. If we are talking about older children, then they themselves will be able to say about dizziness, or tremors in the region of the heart. For infants and toddlers, attention should be paid to the fact that arrhythmia causes irritability, pallor and loss of appetite.
Common symptoms of arrhythmia that are common to all children are chest pain, shortness of breath, lightheadedness, heart rate and pulse problems, and weakness and fatigue.
If an arrhythmia appeared in childhood, then, as a rule, its causes were infection, medication, fever, or simply an increase in temperature. If we talk about serious factors, it should be noted congenital malformations. As a rule, in children, arrhythmia resolves without complications. However, if the rhythm changes even at rest, without any physical activity, then parents should consult a doctor.
Arrhythmia in adolescents
If an arrhythmia occurs in a teenager, then, as a rule, we are talking about sinus rhythm, although other types can occur. It should be noted that at this age the child's body changes greatly, which is why violations occur. Therefore, such a phenomenon is very rarely a pathology, as a rule, itdisappears over time. However, this does not mean that arrhythmia should be neglected. If we are talking about the initial stage, then the child needs to be periodically examined by a doctor who will monitor the dynamics of the arrhythmia. If the symptoms do not disappear within a year or 2 years, then the adolescent should be treated. With atrial fibrillation of the heart, it is better not to use folk remedies.
Very common in adolescence occurs bradycardia. This is due to the fact that the brain does not receive oxygen in a normal amount, because of this, attention, academic performance worsens, the reaction rate decreases, a person cannot play sports. The causes at this age are not always problems with the cardiovascular system. This disease can be provoked by stress, nervous exhaustion, as well as changes in hormonal levels. If a child has been diagnosed with vegetovascular dystonia, then, as a rule, this is treated calmly by contacting psychologists and prescribing sedatives.
Arrhythmia in women
It should be noted that women most often have heart problems. Especially when it comes to arrhythmias. Moreover, the causes and symptoms are completely dependent on many factors. Women very often have tachycardia, problems with the heart node, and so on. The causes are ventricular tachycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, and too early atrial contractions. It must be remembered that such a problem is a symptom, not a diagnosis. Sometimes an arrhythmia can occur asindependent disease, however, with a long examination, you can see that it is present in a number of diseases.
It is necessary to carefully diagnose the disease in order to exclude all serious complications. If we are talking about a pregnant woman, then arrhythmia in this case often occurs due to changes in the hormonal background. In a woman, the level of gonadotropin, as well as estrogen, increases. Because of this, disturbances in the work of the heart occur.
Arrhythmia in men
Even with the fact that women have an unstable hormonal background, men still have such diseases 2 times more often.
Very often they have blockage, carotid sinus syndrome, atrial problems and so on. The reasons may be related to overweight, too frequent drinking of alcoholic beverages, smoking, poor diet, neglect of physical activity. If a man has a disease associated with the heart, then he is likely to develop an arrhythmia. The thing is, it's pretty serious. This can lead to cardiac arrest or to a delay in the signal from the node to the ventricles. If, after eating, an arrhythmia appears, then it can be said with great probability that the cause is the pressure of the chart on the stomach. In this case, a person will experience pressure on the heart and at the same time squeezing the stomach. Also, if a man has high blood pressure and too much thyroid activity, then most likely he will develop an arrhythmia.
Conclusion
In order to protect yourself from problems witharrhythmia, it is necessary to lead a he althy lifestyle, eat right and exercise, and avoid nervous tension. You should also give up all bad habits.
