A hit, a fall from a height, an unsuccessful trick - all this can lead to a concussion. In this condition, a qualified first aid should be provided to a person, otherwise complications may be encountered in the future. Medicines for concussion relieve symptoms, vasospasm, and normalize blood circulation.
Injury at a glance
Many people who are faced with this condition, the question arises: how to treat a concussion? Medicines in this situation can only be prescribed by a specialist. Self-administration of such drugs can only worsen a person's condition and lead to irreversible changes in the central nervous system and brain. Of all types of traumatic brain injury, concussion is perhaps the most harmless option, but only if the correct course of therapy has been completed.
State classification
Concussion has threeSeverity:
- Easy. The victim feels headache, dizziness. There is nausea without vomiting, slight disorientation in space and time. The temperature may rise for a short time. There is no loss of consciousness. Treatment takes place at home.
- Average. All the symptoms inherent in the first degree do not pass within half an hour. Perhaps the development of retrograde amnesia. What medications to take with a moderate concussion, only a specialist can say after a comprehensive examination. If the diagnosis does not reveal serious brain damage, home treatment is possible.
- Heavy. Traumatic brain injury of this severity is treated only in a hospital under the supervision of qualified personnel. It is after it that complications most often appear if the condition has been treated incorrectly. The victim shows loss of consciousness for a period of several minutes to an hour. He does not remember what happened to him and where he is. Vomiting joins severe nausea, body temperature can rise to 39 degrees.
Prescribing drugs and drugs for concussion will be based on the severity of the traumatic brain injury, taking into account the age of the victim.
Therapeutic interventions
The best cure for a concussion, according to doctors, is rest and deep sleep. Only by observing the regime, you can quickly recover from an injury and avoid dangerous consequences. Drug treatment regimenusually includes the following drug groups.
Nootropics
They are prescribed to normalize the metabolism in brain cells, to maintain their proper nutrition. The duration of the rehabilitation period and the success of treatment depend on the correct functioning of nerve cells. Names of drugs for concussion related to this group: Cerebrolysin, Nootropil, Pantocalcin, Piracetam, Glycine, Ceraxon.
Cerebrolysin
The main active ingredient of this drug is cerebrolysin concentrate (produced from the brain of pigs). As additional substances, the composition contains water for injection and sodium hydroxide. Available in the form of ampoules, the package contains from 5 to 10 pieces.
"Cerebrolysin" has a neuroprotective and multifocal effect on brain cells. The peptide fraction improves the functioning of nerve cells, activates the mechanisms of recovery in patients after injury. The drug is administered intravenously or intramuscularly in a hospital setting. Dosage - from 5 to 50 ml 1 time per day. The recommended course of therapy is 1.5 to 3 weeks.
Contraindications to the use of "Cerebrolysin":
- kidney disease;
- individual intolerance to the components of the drug;
- epileptic seizures.
As a rule, the medicine does not cause serious side effects. They aremay appear only after an overdose or against the background of hypersensitivity of a particular patient. These include loss of appetite, metabolic disturbances, fever, chills, and tachycardia. Simultaneous administration with MAO inhibitors and antidepressants is not recommended.
This medicine for concussion in children can be used from 6 months, but only after a diagnostic examination.
Painkillers
One of the main symptoms of a concussion is a constant headache. This is especially pronounced in the 2-3rd degree of severity of the injury. To eliminate pain and alleviate the patient's condition, painkillers are prescribed. These include: "Sedalgin" and "Pentalgin", belonging to the combined means, "Diclofenac" and "Ketorolac" from the group of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and analgesics ("Baralgin" or "Analgin").
Ketorolac
If a patient has persistent headaches after an injury, a concussion medication from the NSAID group may be prescribed. The drug belongs to the derivatives of acetic acid and has a strong analgesic effect. The main active ingredient of Ketorolac is ketorolac tromethamine. One tablet contains 10 mg of the active ingredient. As additional substances - calcium stearate, soy lecithin, potato starch, etc.
The therapeutic effect after taking the medicine can be observedafter 1 hour. By the strength of the effect, the drug can be equated to morphine. It is prescribed for severe traumatic brain injuries to quickly stop pain. It is undesirable to use "Ketorolac" with a mild form of concussion, for home treatment it is better to choose a less powerful analgesic.
Used in the treatment of patients from 16 years of age. Usually the dosage does not exceed 3 tablets per day. The course of treatment is a maximum of 5 days.
Contraindications include the entire period of pregnancy and lactation, since the effect of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors on a child has not been fully studied. Also, do not prescribe a medicine for the "aspirin" triad, ulcers and erosions of the stomach, hypovolemia, liver and kidney failure and inflammatory bowel diseases.
Diuretics
These concussion medications are prescribed to prevent brain swelling due to increased intracranial pressure. As a rule, they are recommended for moderate or severe patient condition. These include: "Veroshpiron", "Uregit", "Lasix", "Furosemide" and "Diacarb".
Furosemide
Quite often, moderate to severe concussion leads to increased intracranial pressure, which can trigger the development of dangerous brain diseases. To remove excess fluid and reduce the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid on the meninges, diuretics are used, which include Furosemide.
The active substance of the same name belongs to the fast-acting loop diuretics, it inhibits the absorption of sodium and chlorine ions. It is usually given along with calcium supplements to prevent swelling of the gray matter of the brain. The dosage of the drug is selected by the doctor depending on the clinical picture, but it cannot exceed 1500 mg per day. For children weighing less than 10 kg, the tablet form is not prescribed, parenteral administration is possible according to the indications of a specialist.
Contraindications include: renal failure, hepatic encephalopathy, hypovolemia, hypersensitivity to sulfonamides, precoma and coma.
Vasotropic drugs
They are recommended to be taken to strengthen and increase the elasticity of the walls of blood vessels, as well as to regulate blood viscosity. They help to eliminate spasm of cerebral vessels. Usually prescribed: "Istenon", "Cavinton", "Teonikol", "Vasotropin".
Cavinton
The active substance of the drug "Cavinton" - vinpocetine. In addition to it, the composition contains corn starch, talc, colloidal silicon dioxide. This medicine for concussion has a beneficial effect on metabolism, improves the rheological properties of blood and blood supply to the injured organ. Rapidly absorbed from the proximal gastrointestinal tract.
Contraindications include the period of gestation and lactation, as well as individualintolerance to the active ingredient. Due to the fact that there are no reliable clinical data on the effect of vinpocetine on the children's body, the drug is prescribed only to patients over 18 years of age. The standard dosage is 5 to 10 mg three times a day. However, in each individual case, it may differ.
The drug "Cavinton" belongs to a group of drugs that rarely cause adverse reactions, as confirmed in clinical trials. In some cases, thrombocytopenia, insomnia and agitation, hemiparesis, amnesia, bradycardia were recorded.
Other remedies
Sedatives and tranquilizers can be prescribed to normalize sleep, relieve stress. These include: Corvalol, Elenium, Dormiplant, Phenazepam, valerian or motherwort tincture. Which concussion medications from this group will be most appropriate, the specialist will be able to determine.
In addition to speeding up tissue regeneration and patient recovery after a traumatic brain injury, vitamins are added to the treatment regimen. It can be "Thiamin", nicotinic acid, Eleutherococcus tincture and other drugs at the doctor's choice.
To eliminate nausea and the urge to vomit, prescribe "Papaverine", "Platifillin" or "Tanakan".
Results
Any medication after a concussion can be taken only in the dosageprescribed by the attending physician. Self-medication can lead to unforeseen consequences. Complications of improper therapy can be post-traumatic encephalopathy, cerebral ischemia, meningitis, encephalitis, epilepsy. In order to prevent such a development of events, it is necessary to adhere to the recommendations of a specialist and fulfill all his appointments.
