Cough is a complex reflex process, during which there is a frequent and sharp contraction of the muscle tissue of the respiratory tract, as well as a strong and jerky release of air from the pulmonary arteries. This phenomenon is formed due to irritation of sensitive receptors located in the larynx, trachea, pleura and large bronchi.
Severe coughs begin to disturb a person when it is necessary to clear his upper respiratory tract from the mucus, liquid or any foreign body present there. In fact, this phenomenon is a natural defense mechanism, which is designed to free the airways from all kinds of inhaled or aspirated particles, as well as from the secret.
Depending on why the patient is bothered by severe coughs, such a deviation is divided into the following types:
- physiological;
- pathological.
Physiological type is quite normal, and sometimes necessary. Occurring, such strong coughs are removed from the respiratory tractall the mucus and sputum accumulated there, as well as all kinds of crumbs and foreign bodies. The main characteristics of the physiological type are periodic recurrence, the complete absence of other symptoms of diseases and short duration.
Pathological cough often manifests itself against the background of respiratory diseases. This type is of a different nature, which depends entirely on the nature of the existing disease. In order for strong coughs to no longer bother a person, a complete examination of the patient is required, after which special treatment is prescribed.
Depending on the period during which the cough lasts, the following types are distinguished:
- acute cough (up to 1 or 2 weeks);
- protracted (from 2 weeks to 1 month);
- infraintestinal cough (1 to 2 months);
- chronic (more than 2 months).
Very often, the acute form of this deviation is converted into a protracted one, and a protracted one - into an infraspinatus, etc., and all just because the patient did not go to the doctor on time. That is why, if you are worried about severe coughing fits, it is recommended to visit a doctor immediately. After all, such a phenomenon may indicate the development of serious diseases.
List of the most common diseases that are accompanied by such a symptom as cough:
- allergic reactions to any irritant;
- presence of asthma;
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
- sarcoidosis;
- tuberculosis;
- gastroesophageal reflux;
- chronic rhinitis, laryngitis or sinusitis;
- lung cancer;
- congestive heart failure;
- sinus infection.
Also, this phenomenon can occur with whooping cough. This disease is characterized by a strong cough at night, in an adult it may be accompanied by intense vomiting. The illness usually lasts about 6 weeks. In addition, very often coughing attacks are observed in respiratory diseases, namely during inflammatory processes occurring in the nasal cavity, larynx and pharynx. Such deviations are accompanied by a dry cough. If treated on time and correctly, then this unpleasant phenomenon can be eliminated in just 3 days.
