Frequent urination is a pathological condition in which a person passes urine more than four times a day. In addition, there is a frequent urge to urinate. In children in the first year of life, the number of daily urination in pathology can be up to 16 times.
There are many different options, so it is not easy to say exactly and optimally describe how many pathological urination a person can have per day. Urinary excretion may increase with excessive water intake. Also, this series of food products has such a diuretic effect: cranberries, melons, lingonberries, watermelons. Their consumption leads to frequent urination in women and men.
Shapes
In accordance with the characteristics of the pathology, nosology can be divided into the following forms:
- functional;
- pathological.
Doctors believe that it is necessary to start treatment of the disease in patients only when the frequency of urination exceeds ten times a day. chiefan indicator of the pathology of the disease is the presence of additional signs: pain, itching, burning during urination.
In addition to the problems of frequent urination, there is such a sign as pain. If this is combined with a burning sensation, then this indicates probable genitourinary infections.
Reasons
The main causes of frequent urination can be categorized as:
- Transient.
- Urgent.
- Stressful.
- Dystonic.
- Mixed.
According to statistics, most urologist patients have 3 forms of the disease: stress - 50%, combined - 32% and urgent (14%). About 4% suffer from other forms.
Reflex contraction
Urgent appearance appears with reflex frequent contraction of the smooth muscles of the genitourinary tract. A similar condition occurs with diseases of neurology (asthenovegetative syndrome), muscular dystrophy, inflammation of the ureter, pelvis and bladder (cystitis). In inflammatory pathologies, frequent urination in women occurs due to involuntary irritation of nerve receptors in the area of damage to the urethral membrane.
Stress form
Stress form occurs under the influence of the psyche. This pathology leads to strong nerve impulses of the genitourinary organs and the subsequent contraction of the smooth muscles. Changes in position, heavy lifting, running, laughing, sneezing, and coughing can be signs of illness in children. These conditions lead to strong pressure on the bladder. Mixed form of frequenturination is formed by the presence of a muscular and stress component. This pathology leads to many kidney diseases: nephroptosis, nephrolithiasis, glomerulonephritis. So what is the cause of the disease?
Factors
There are factors that contribute to this:
- traumatic childbirth in women;
- sexual infections;
- menopause;
- gynecological operations;
- hormonal imbalance;
- hypothermia;
- estrogen deficiency;
- connective tissue diseases;
- rapid weight loss;
- dislocation of the uterus.
There is frequent urination without pain. During the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, the uterus enlarges, which puts a lot of pressure on the bladder and makes it feel too full. In order to prevent such pathological changes, it is important not to reduce water intake so that dehydration does not occur. If the pregnancy is multiple, then this can lead to infringement of the bladder with subsequent frequent urination. The disease most often manifests itself in the elderly and in people with problems of the central nervous system. Neurological pathologies lead to an invariable contraction of the smooth muscles of the genitourinary organs with a reflex frequent urge to urinate.
Causes of frequent urination in men
This problem makes men see a doctor, but, unfortunately, not everyone pays enough attention to it. Usually, except oftenurination, there are other symptoms. As medical practice shows, many diseases are accompanied by frequent urination.
For example, the reason why men have frequent urination, sometimes, is a violation of the genitourinary system. A series of analyzes and tests are required to identify the true "culprit" of the problem.
So let's look at the causes of frequent urination.
Prostatitis
This pathology occurs in both chronic and acute forms, which causes many men to visit the toilet more often than usual. Prostatitis usually occurs not only with the symptom of frequent urination, but also with various others that do not have strongly pronounced symptoms. At the same time, such urge to urinate occurs suddenly and unbearably, and when you try to go to the toilet, a very small amount of urine comes out. Also, men often have symptoms of prostatitis, such as difficulty in urination, which tends to progress gradually, a feeling of not completely emptying the bladder, and there are also problems associated with sexual function.
In addition to the above symptoms, patients may experience pain and burning sensation in the perineum, which are more often expressed in acute prostatitis, general fatigue and discomfort during defecation.
If you find such signs in yourself, you should immediately make an appointment with a urologist. Timely started and correct treatment allows you to help a man savefull sex life for many years. The treatment of this disease takes place in a complex, the therapeutic regimen includes:
- physiotherapy;
- antibacterial therapy;
- prostate massage (contraindicated in the acute stage of the disease);
- lifestyle change (dieting, giving up bad habits);
- immunotherapy.
With timely treatment of chronic prostatitis, it will go into remission and its duration greatly depends on how the patient will follow the appointments and instructions of the doctor.
What could frequent urination mean?
Prostate adenoma
Prostate adenoma is a benign disease characterized by hyperplasia of the prostate tissue, after which its size increases. The reasons for the origin of this disease have not been clarified, but we can certainly say that there is a connection between the age of a man and benign hyperplasia. It has been established that the older the man, the greater the risk of getting this disease; in young people, prostate adenoma is very rarely diagnosed.
The very first symptom of this disease is frequent urination, which mostly occurs at night. In addition, a man may worry about ineffective urge to urinate and urinary incontinence. In the presence of such signs, it is necessary to consult a specialist, timely treatment can help slow the progress of the disease. If it willthere is no adequate and correct therapy, then the symptoms will not keep you waiting and the signs of prostate adenoma will increase. Men begin to complain of difficulty urinating, that for this they have to make extra efforts and strain to urinate, while the urine stream will be intermittent and sluggish. In especially severe cases, acute urinary retention may occur, this situation requires urgent treatment.
The "gold standard" in the treatment of this disease is transurethral resection of the prostate gland. This is a minimally invasive operation that is well tolerated by patients, but it can only be performed if there is a certain size of the prostate, which can be another strong argument in favor of seeing a doctor.
Medicine treatment for frequent urination in men with adenoma can be symptomatic. They are taken at the first stage of the disease, when its symptoms are still mild. Drugs are prescribed that contribute to the general relaxation of the muscles of the urethra, which will help facilitate the outflow of urine from the bladder. The next group of drugs that are used in the treatment of prostate adenoma helps to reduce its size and are taken in a long course.
Causes of frequent urination in women
Women have a genitourinary system that is characterized by increased sensitivity to various pathogens and infections. After pathogenic organisms enter the female body,various diseases begin to appear. Most of them are diseases of the genitourinary system, among which there are also pathologies of the pelvic organs and kidneys. All this is expressed by frequent urination, but other signs are also observed.
Cystitis
This disease is very common and occurs along with frequent urination. In addition, cystitis is accompanied by cutting and burning pain during the process of urination, there is always a feeling of a full bladder. There are more serious cases that are characterized by urinary incontinence. Specialists also notice pain in the lower abdomen with cystitis, which can occur both at night and during the day.
Frequent urination during pregnancy
It is known that pregnancy falls on a period when almost all women experience frequent urge to go to the toilet. Such a phenomenon is not considered a deviation from the norm and is a completely acceptable physiological process and does not have any effect on the fetus. As a rule, these causes of frequent urination without pain appear.
In the first trimester, a woman experiences hormonal changes, there is an increasing amount of gonadotropin, which so often leads to the desire to visit the toilet. Already in the first trimester of pregnancy, the uterus begins to grow and there is pressure on the bladder. One of the main reasons for this frequent visits to the toilet is the increased work of the kidneys in pregnant women.
And already in the second trimester of pregnancy, frequent urinationalmost no worries. An exception may be diseases of the urinary system.
In the third trimester, the symptoms again disturb the woman, because the uterus, just like in the first trimester, presses the bladder. And the work of the kidneys during this period is more intensified than it usually is, and therefore there is a constant need to empty the bladder.
You also need to remember that such frequent urge to urinate may be observed in various diseases of the genitourinary system, so you should not delay going to the doctor, especially if, in addition to this problem, there is pain, burning and other uncomfortable status.
At the time of pregnancy, a woman must be responsible for the he alth of her child, since the presence of such disorders in the body can affect him. Therefore, all suspicions in this regard must be coordinated with an experienced doctor. The causes and treatment of frequent urination are interrelated.
Treatment procedures
What is the treatment for frequent urination? It can be performed only after the main cause of the disease has been established. If one of the forms of the disease is identified, it is necessary to use the following types of treatment:
- physiotherapy;
- drug;
- feedback method.
Drug therapy
It includes hormone replacement therapy. This therapy is excellent for treating illness in women who have impaired estrogen production or an imbalance between sex hormones. Clinical experiments inthis area confirm that replacement therapy can lead to clear changes in the body:
- strengthening pelvic floor muscles;
- activation of blood supply;
- raising the trophic abilities of smooth muscles.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapeutic methods for the treatment of genitourinary diseases:
- UHF on the lower abdomen;
- electrical pelvic floor stimulation;
- myostimulation with rectal and urethral sensors.
Medicines for the treatment of frequent urination:
- Driptan (oxybutynin chloride), Detrizutol (tolterodine) – muscarinic receptor antagonists;
- "Distigmine bromide" increases signal movement in neuromuscular synapses;
- Gutron (midodrine) take 5mg twice a day;
- Duloxetine is used for stress urinary frequency;
- "Spasmex" has antispasmodic, antimuscarinic effects and has analgesic properties (if there is frequent and painful urination);
- "Vesikar" (solifenacin) is a selective M-anticholinergic.
For frequent urination without pain, biofeedback is a kind of pelvic floor muscle training. It is very effective in more than 50% of patients. This treatment is designed to stimulate certain muscle fibers with high frequency electrical current.
