The hormones FSH and LH belong to gonadotropic hormones, which are peptide (glycoproteins with alpha and beta subunits) and are synthesized by gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are actively involved in the human reproductive system - both women and men. In women, these hormones stimulate the production of estrogen, and when their amount reaches the highest level, they stimulate ovulation. Also promotes the growth of follicles on the ovaries.
How they work
If you take into account the menstrual cycle, then the first phase that promotes the formation of follicles on the ovaries. Further, with the help of luteotropin, steroid hormones called estrogens are released from the follicles. They affect tissue proliferation and sexual function. Normally, this period lasts for 4 to 7 days. Then ovulation begins (the 14th day of the menstrual cycle), fertilization occurs during the day and the preparation of the body for pregnancy begins, or the premenstrual phase begins. This happens in this way: the follicle itself bursts, and the egg is ready forfertilization. What is left of the follicle becomes the corpus luteum. The essence of pregnancy is the implantation of a fertilized egg in the endometrium of the uterus. The corpus luteum itself also produces a steroid hormone - progesterone, which stops pituitary activity.
The need for hormones
The hormone LH is necessary for the existence of the corpus luteum for 14 days. In men, both of the above hormones promote spermatogenesis. The LH hormone is needed to produce testosterone by influencing Leydig cells. Testosterone binds in the blood to the androgen-binding protein, it is he who is responsible for maintaining a high level of testosterone in the spermatogenic epithelium by transport in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules. There is a norm and a pathology - and the LH hormone (its level) rises or falls. The reason for this may be hyperfunction or hypofunction of the pituitary gland, amenorrhea in women, atrophy of the gonads in men due to mumps suffered in childhood and a disease such as gonorrhea. In addition, the cause of hormonal dysfunction may be long-term use of cardiac glycosides or steroid drugs. Delayed puberty and physical growth should also not be ruled out.
Relevance of analysis
The LH hormone test (FHA) is fairly common. For its implementation, it is necessary to collect venous blood. Before the analysis, you can not smoke, eat, you can drink water, but not much. Do not take steroids or heart medications for 24 daysglycosides. This analysis is prescribed for the diagnosis of infertility. Of course, a genetic examination can also be carried out, but this analysis will be more informative. It is prescribed for the study of the reproductive system of men and women (at reproductive age and during menopause), it can also be performed on girls due to premature puberty.
