Paraproctitis is a purulent inflammation that develops in fatty tissue, which is located around the rectum and anal sphincter. It can be chronic or acute. Acute paraproctitis occurs with the formation of suppuration in fatty tissue. Chronic can be manifested by pararectal fistulas or fistulas that surround the anus, and in most cases are formed after suffering an acute form of paraproctitis.
Forms of acute paraproctitis
Each of the forms of acute paraproctitis has its own characteristics, determined by the following varieties, which depend on the etiology of the disease:
-
paraproctitis symptoms traumatic;
- specific;
- anaerobic;
- simple.
Depending on the location of fistulas, abscesses and streaks, paraproctitis is distinguished:
- necrotic;
- pelviorectal;
- submucosal;
- retrorectal;
- ischiorectal;
- subcutaneous.
Reasons for the development of paraproctitis
Among the factors that contribute to the development of paraproctitis are:
- sugardiabetes;
- atherosclerosis;
- weakened immune system due to alcoholism, sore throat or flu, exhaustion;
- hemorrhoids;
- anus fissures;
- frequent constipation.
Symptoms of paraproctitis, acute form
The acute form of paraproctitis cannot be called the usual suppuration, which is formed in the pararectal tissue. Needless to say, this is a banal suppuration, similar to an abscess or boil, which often form when an infection occurs in the external perianal region. Symptoms of paraproctitis are often manifested by the formation of purulent fistulas. The acute form of the disease is characterized by an acute onset and severity of clinical manifestations, which are determined by the relief of the focus of inflammation, its size, and the characteristic features of the pathogen that provoked it. The pus that forms in the perirectal tissue does not find a way out, so the abscess spreads further and more intensively. Specific symptoms of paraproctitis significantly depend on the location of the focus. The onset of the disease is characterized by headache, weakness, and general malaise. Body temperature -37.5 °C or more. Chills, aching joints and muscles, lack of appetite are observed. There may be a disorder of stool and urination, painful urge to defecate, painful urination. In addition, there is a possibility of pain sensations of varying intensity, which are concentrated in the lower abdomen, in the small pelvis and rectum.
All specifiedsymptoms of paraproctitis correspond to all forms of acute paraproctitis. But each type of disease has its own characteristics.
Treatment
Only surgical method treats acute paraproctitis. The operation consists in the fact that the source of infection is opened and the existing non-viable areas are removed. If this form of the disease is accompanied by the formation of a fistulous tract, then the surgeon excised it. At the end of the operation, drainage is installed, thanks to which the pus has the opportunity to flow freely beyond the boundaries of the affected area.
