Among all medicines sold by pharmacists, pain relievers are the most in demand. Such medicines can relieve spasm. They eliminate the production of prostaglandins - causative agents of discomfort. Also, drugs have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Especially often, consumers use non-steroidal painkillers. You can buy them without a special prescription. The task of such funds is to reduce the temperature, relieve pain and inflammation. Painkillers are also used for osteochondrosis, injuries, and (only a few) after surgical interventions. Let us consider in more detail what medicines are and what are their features.
Acetylsalicylic acid: a proven remedy for adults
This drug, used aspain reliever, belongs to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The active ingredient here is acetylsalicylic acid. This component has a pronounced analgesic and antipyretic effect, it thins the blood. Also, the drug has a slight anti-inflammatory effect. Indications for use are fever and various types of pain, heart attack, stroke, ischemia, arterial disease and heart valve pathology.
Medicines based on acetylsalicylic acid should not be used by pregnant women in the first and last trimester due to the risk of bleeding. Also, drugs are strictly prohibited for children under 15 years of age. You should not take medicines for certain diseases of the heart, blood vessels and blood. Kidney and liver failure, ulcers and erosions of the digestive tract are a reason to refuse to use painkillers containing acetylsalicylic acid. Medicines containing the described substance have the following names:
- Aspicor.
- "Aspirin".
- CardiASK.
- Upsarin UPSA and many others.
In recent years, these drugs have practically not been used to treat rheumatism, arthritis, pericarditis.
Metamizol sodium, or analgin
A drug used as an analgesic may have metamizole sodium as the main substance. This compound is a derivative of pyrazolone, it also belongs to the group of NSAIDs. The drug is able to have an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect. Often, metamizole sodium is used as part of a lytic mixture for white fever. It is prescribed for rheumatism, arthralgia, pain of a different nature, inflammation, myocardial infarction and thrombosis. Used as a pain reliever, this drug is used for swelling, trauma, insect bites, and post-surgery.
It is contraindicated to use drugs based on metamizole sodium in case of oppression of hematopoietic function, liver and kidney failure, anemia, expectant mothers and lactating women. The drug is available in the form of tablets and solution for injection. Trade names you may encounter:
- Analgin.
- Spazdolzin.
- Baralgin.
During treatment with drugs based on metamizole sodium, urine may turn red.
Ibuprofen: proven active ingredient
Painkillers for children are often required for toothache, headaches, injuries, ear infections, sprains and bruises. Medicines for children are needed in the period after vaccination, to stop signs of a viral and bacterial infection. The most popular among all formulations is a drug based on ibuprofen. This NSAID is able to inhibit COX 1 and COX 2. The drug reduces vascular permeability, thereby reducing inflammation. The drug after ingestion works almost instantly. It relieves stiffness of movements, eliminates swelling, relieves pain in variouscharacter. Painkillers based on ibuprofen eliminate pain during teething, relieve children with fever.
Compositions are available in the form of suspensions, suppositories, tablets and injections. Drug trade names:
- Nurofen.
- Advil.
- "Instant".
- Faspic and so on.
It is not recommended to take these drugs for gastric ulcers, hypersensitivity, certain blood pathologies and severe renal failure. Young children (from three months) are prescribed medicines in the form of a suspension and suppositories.
"Ketorolac": a powerful pain reliever
Represents anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, the drug "Ketorol" and its structural analogues. They contain the active ingredient ketoroloc. It has a strong analgesic effect and has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Such medicines cope with high body temperature worse than the previous ones, but are still characterized as antipyretic. Painkillers based on ketorolac are prescribed for pain syndrome of various origins: trauma, toothache and headache, migraine, arthrosis and arthritis, dislocations, postoperative period, oncological diseases, and so on.
It has the following active ingredient names:
- Ketorol.
- Ketanov.
- Ketorolac.
- Ketalgin.
Compositions are available in the form of injections,tablets, topical products and eye drops. It is unacceptable to use drugs for high sensitivity, somatic diseases, heart and liver failure, diabetes, during pregnancy and lactation. You can not combine these medicines with corticosteroids and anticoagulants. There is no proven safety for the use of these antipyretics in children under 16.
Paracetamol and its derivatives: well-known medicines
An antipyretic, pain-relieving drug often prescribed to young children is the active ingredient paracetamol. It has long been used in medicine, including pediatrics, and has proven safety. In the absence of contraindications, it is permissible to use it even in newborns. Paracetamol-based drugs:
- Calpol.
- Panadol.
- Cefekon.
- Efferalgun and so on.
Medicines are available in the form of suppositories, tablets and suspensions. They do an excellent job with pain and reduce body temperature. But the compositions do not have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. In this regard, paracetamol-based drugs are used for various types of pain and fever. Do not use drugs in case of impaired liver and kidney function, alcoholism. Tablets are contraindicated in children under 6 years of age. For babies, you should choose candles or syrup.
Diclofenac: an effective anti-inflammatory agent
If you needanti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, then give preference to drugs based on diclofenac. Their trade names are:
- Ortofen.
- Diclofenacol.
- Dicloran.
- Voltaren and others.
It is unacceptable to take them only for violations of hematopoiesis, in the last trimester of pregnancy and ulcerative inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract. In children under 6 years of age, the drug is not used due to the lack of clinical studies. Diclofenac-based preparations are prescribed for pain and febrile syndrome, they effectively relieve symptoms of a cold, improve well-being. It has a strong anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, it is recommended for diseases of the joints, neurological pathologies. Practice application in gynecology. The drug also has antirheumatic and antiaggregatory effects.
Indomethacin: Less Popular Substance
It is not uncommon for a person to need painkillers for a toothache. These include drugs based on indomethacin. This substance has a pronounced analgesic effect. It is effective for migraine, pain of a neurological and gynecological nature. Also, the drug has a good anti-inflammatory effect. It is recommended to use the composition for diseases of the joints and tissue injuries, infectious pathologies of the upper respiratory tract. Medicines will be effective in violation of the musculoskeletal system.
Contraindications to the use of drugs onthe basis of indomethacin can be called a stomach ulcer, bleeding, some diseases of the organs of vision, pathologies of the vestibular apparatus, pregnancy and childhood. Trade names of medicines that you can find in pharmacies:
- Indomethacin.
- Metindol.
- Indotard and others.
Available for oral, rectal, topical and eye drops.
Naproxen: an antiplatelet agent with anti-inflammatory effects
Painkillers for headaches and other types of pain is the active ingredient naprxen. This medication relieves inflammation, alleviates the patient's condition. In a short time, the medicine stops the pain syndrome caused by various reasons. The composition is used for toothache, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, neuralgia, muscle discomfort, female periodic ailments. Naproxen is effective in degenerative diseases of the supporting apparatus. Do not use the composition for renal and hepatic insufficiency, intolerance to the active substance. It is dangerous to use the medication in children of the first year of life. The following medications are generally well tolerated by adult patients:
- Nalgezin.
- Naprksen.
- Sanaprox.
- Naprios and so on.
Nimesulide and drugs based on it
If you need strong painkillers, you can give preference to medicines that containincluded nimesulide. These medicines have the following trade names:
- Nise.
- "Nimesil".
- Nimika.
- "Nemulex" and so on.
Medications are classified as non-narcotic analgesics. They quickly and permanently eliminate the pain syndrome of different localization. Also, the drug has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Medicines based on nimesulide are used to eliminate the febrile syndrome, when drugs with ibuprofen and paracetamol are powerless. Clinical studies have shown that this medicine is more powerful in its action than its predecessors. It is important to remember that Nimesulide and its structural analogues cannot be used for ulcerative lesions of the intestines and stomach, liver failure, drug addiction and alcoholism. Some deviations in the work of the cardiovascular and hematopoietic systems should be the reason for replacing the drug with another composition. The indication for the use of drugs is acute pain syndrome.
Oxycams: NSAID group
Among all non-steroidal and anti-inflammatory drugs, oxicam drugs can be distinguished. They have different active ingredients and trade names. Here are some of them:
- lornoxicam ("Xefocam", "Zornika");
- meloxicam ("Moviks", "Lem");
- piroxicam ("Finalgel", "Calmopyrol");
- tenoxicam ("Tenikam", "Tobitil").
Medicines are prescribed to relieve pain and relieve inflammation. Each drug also has an antipyretic effect, the effect of whichmay differ in one case or another. Before using any of these medicines, you should read the instructions, as all drugs have separate restrictions on use and special instructions.
Features of the use of painkillers and anti-inflammatory compounds
Almost all painkillers are dispensed from pharmacies without medical prescription. But this does not mean that they can be taken thoughtlessly and in unlimited quantities. All painkillers have a duration of treatment. To relieve pain, they are taken no longer than five days in a row. If funds are needed to reduce the temperature, then it is permissible to use them only for three days. Doctors may prescribe medications for a longer period of time to relieve inflammation. But at the same time, it is necessary to monitor the functioning of vital organs and control the state of the blood. Take painkillers after a strictly defined time. The interval is usually set to at least 4 hours. Some funds can not be used again, earlier than after 6-8 hours. This information is always prescribed from the instructions, read it carefully.
Interesting information about the presented drugs, obtained by comparing them
You already know that all painkillers and antipyretics have an anti-inflammatory effect to a greater or lesser extent. Studies have shown which remedy will be more powerful.
According to the analgesic effect, actingsubstances are in descending order:
- ketorolac;
- diclofenac;
- indomethacin;
- naproxen;
- ibuprofen.
Judging by the strength of the anti-inflammatory effect, we can get the following classification:
- indomethacin;
- diclofenac;
- naproxen;
- ibuprofen.
Taking any of these medications can cause bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, vomiting, or nausea. Also, some compounds individually cause an allergic reaction. If during treatment you suddenly feel worse or new symptoms of the disease appear, then do not hesitate. Contact your doctor as soon as possible. Especially responsibly and carefully you need to approach the use of painkillers for children. It is strictly forbidden to take such formulations for abdominal pain of unknown origin. Medications can blur the clinical picture of dangerous pathological conditions. The consequences of this are very unpleasant.
Instead of a conclusion
From this article, you could learn about the drugs that are used by consumers to relieve pain and relieve inflammation. It is worth remembering that many medicines provide only symptomatic treatment. They alleviate the patient's condition, relieve discomfort and eliminate fever. But at the same time they do not act on the cause of the ailment. If you feel unwell, it is advisable to seek medical help. Only a qualified specialistwill be able to determine the cause of your illness, after which he will prescribe the correct treatment. Be he althy and live without pain!
