Sometimes everyone needs analgesics. After all, everyone can experience discomfort. Unpleasant sensations in the head, tooth or muscles lead to the need for medication. It happens that a person takes an excessive amount of pills in order to enhance the effect. An overdose of painkillers is a life-threatening condition.
Varieties of drugs
Doctors often encounter analgesic poisoning. Almost everyone has these drugs. Sometimes a person uses them without medical prescription.
Overdose of painkillers occurs because not everyone has an idea about the side effects of drugs. If medicines are taken incorrectly, they have not a positive, but a negative effect. Exceeding the allowable volume of tablets often leads to the development of a serious condition - coma.
Analgesics are divided into the following categories:
- Basicdrugs that act locally, relieve the process of inflammation. This group includes: Paracetamol, Nise, Ketorol. An overdose of painkillers in this category leads to disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, disorders of the central nervous system, liver function, and the urinary system. They cause lack of sleep, dizziness, hearing and vision impairment, cephalalgia.
- Symptomatic medications (only relieve discomfort, but do not affect its cause). They are characterized by minimal negative impact on the body.
- Products containing narcotic substances. Their frequent and uncontrolled use leads to a delay in the process of excretion of urine, respiratory disorders. An overdose of painkillers from this group is very dangerous and requires immediate medical attention. In addition, these drugs are addictive. Their use is permissible only under the supervision of a doctor.
What factors contribute to the development of poisoning?
You are more likely to overdose on painkillers if you have these circumstances:
- Failure to follow the rules of use specified in the instructions.
- Leaving medications where babies can reach.
- Combining drugs with alcohol-containing products. Alcoholic drinks enhance the effect of analgesics.
- Using pain pills while taking other medications.
- Self-funding. Some people buy painkillers without consultingwith Dr.
- The presence of individual intolerance. In such cases, anaphylaxis develops.
Intoxication with analgesics is accompanied by many manifestations. How to recognize the pathology is described in the next section.
Characteristic signs of poisoning
The disease proceeds approximately the same, regardless of which category the analgesic belongs to. Symptoms of an overdose of painkillers include:
Sensation of tinnitus, feeling of weakness, dizziness
- Discomfort in the peritoneal region, which has a cutting character.
- Reducing blood pressure.
- Deterioration of auditory and visual functions.
- Convulsive seizures, muscle spasms.
- Loss of consciousness.
- Disorders of respiratory functions.
In addition, intoxication with analgesics leads to general poisoning. It is accompanied by destruction of liver tissues, asthma attacks.
Complications
In case of an overdose of painkillers, the consequences depend on which pills the person took. The most common pathologies are:
- Severe disorders of the urinary system, bleeding from internal organs, swelling of brain tissue. These symptoms appear as a result of the abuse of paracetamol.
- Irreversible malfunctions in the liver, lungs, kidneys (occur with an overdose of aspirin).
- Citramon causes spasms in the muscles, problems with the process of urine separation.
- Coma (develops due to failure to provide assistance in case of poisoning with any analgesic).
Drug abuse
Overdose of painkillers belonging to this group is accompanied by the following symptoms:
Increase or decrease in the volume of pupils, their asymmetric arrangement
- Impaired consciousness.
- Bluish discoloration of the skin.
- Bouts of vomiting. If a person faints, there is a risk of stomach contents being inhaled.
- Fever accompanied by severe chills.
- Difficulties with bowel movements and urine output.
- Swelling of brain tissues.
First aid in case of intoxication
If poisoning occurs, you need to call an ambulance. Prior to the arrival of medical personnel, the following procedures should be carried out:
- Gastric lavage using a large volume of clean water mixed with s alt.
- Use of sorbents.
- Frequent drinking in small portions (weakly brewed sweet tea, still mineral water).
After these events, the patient must be taken to the hospital. Further therapy is carried out by medical workers in a hospital.
Methods of providing medical care
Sometimes the specialist does not know what medicine the patient was poisoned with. In this case, laboratory tests of biologicalmaterial (blood, urine). It is good if the people accompanying the patient immediately report the drug that caused intoxication.
When overdosing on painkillers, the doctor injects the patient with an antidote. Acetylcysteine is used as an antidote. This method of assistance is effective only in the situation when less than eight hours have passed since the use of the medicine. In severe cases, a person is placed in an intensive care unit for resuscitation. For treatment, agents are used that remove toxic compounds from the body, neutralize their harm, and also help restore the functioning of the urinary system, central nervous system, liver, and lungs.
If you suspect that someone close to you has intoxication, you should not try to cope with the disease on your own. It is necessary to seek help from specialists as soon as possible.
Poisoning "No-spoy"
The drug is used to eliminate spasms. These unpleasant sensations can have different localization. The doctor prescribes "No-shpu" taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient (body weight, age category, state of he alth). This measure avoids an overdose of painkillers. What to do if poisoning still occurs? First, you should know that No-shpoy intoxication is accompanied by the following symptoms:
- Dry mucous membranes.
- Pain in the head.
- Broken.
- Slowness.
- Dizziness.
- Nausea, bouts of vomiting.
When these signs appear, you shouldcall an ambulance immediately. The lack of adequate therapy can lead to a stop in the activity of the myocardium, the development of anaphylaxis, and dysfunction of the respiratory system. A lethal outcome is likely both in patients with individual intolerance and in people who are not allergic.
Intoxication with "Pentalgin"
This drug is also used to combat spasms. It contains many different substances and affects the body in a complex way. The daily rate of tablets should not exceed four pieces. However, sometimes people abuse this popular remedy. They hope for a faster and more tangible effect. In such cases, an overdose of painkillers occurs. What to do with intoxication "Pentalgin"? First of all, you need to remember that poisoning is accompanied by the following symptoms:
- Disturbances in the activity of the stomach and intestines. There is nausea, bouts of vomiting, frequent loose stools, loss of appetite, bleeding from internal organs.
- Disorders of the myocardium and blood vessels. The patient has an irregular and rapid heart rate.
- Disturbances in the activity of the nervous system (headache, trembling, anxiety, tic attacks and seizures).
- Death of liver cells (this condition occurs 12 hours after the use of the drug and leads to the death of the patient).
If you find these symptoms, you must urgently call an ambulance. BeforeWhen the doctor arrives, gastric lavage should be performed, the patient should be given a toxin remover (absorbent). If no more than 8 hours have passed since the moment of intoxication, the specialist introduces an antidote. In severe cases, the person must be taken to the intensive care unit for resuscitation and further treatment.
How to prevent the development of intoxication?
Prevention of pathology is as follows:
- You don't need to buy the medication yourself. Ignorance of the characteristics of drugs and the rules for their use leads to an overdose of painkillers. Indications for use, side effects and other features of drugs should be discussed with the doctor.
- It is undesirable to combine different medicines without the permission of a specialist.
- You can not change the therapy regimen, reduce the periods between pills.
- It is forbidden to use drugs that have passed the expiration date.
- Don't leave medication where a child can find it.
If you suspect an overdose of painkillers, symptoms of this pathology, you should call an ambulance as soon as possible.
