Women's secretions disturb the weaker sex with each of their appearance. This intimate topic makes ladies turn to the Internet again and again. They are trying to understand what normal female discharge can be and what is considered a pathology.
In order to take action and see a doctor in time, you need to deal with these issues.
What is this?
The vagina and cervix are made up of many tissues and mucous membranes. It contains glands that produce secretions. They contain beneficial bacteria and fungi. They protect these organs from the penetration and development of dangerous organisms.
If normal female discharge stops, then we can already talk about a developing pathological process that will lead to inflammation and other diseases.
From the age of 12-14, the appearance of secretions is already considered the norm. Girls by this age should already be aware of this. The task of the mother is to explain in which case it is necessary to pay attention to them and whether it is necessary to consult a specialist.
Norm limits
Gynecologists note that before the appearance of the firstGirls should not have any discharge during menstruation. If they appear, then we can talk about the development of pathology.
In an adult woman, the discharge should be scanty, odorless and transparent. They must have the following characteristics:
- daily volume is not more than 5 ml; on a panty liner, a spot of no more than 1.5 cm in diameter;
- must be egg white in consistency;
- no inclusions and lumps;
- Smell slightly sour or not at all.
What color should a woman's discharge be normal? The answer is very simple: from transparent to light yellow. If a woman is not bothered by anything except discharge, then such shades of them should not frighten her.
She must take care of her hygiene and make the necessary manipulations in time. In this case, the risk of "bad" secrets will decrease by several times.
Why is the secret and its components important?
Normally, every woman should have a discharge. They contain:
- dead cells of the uterine mucosa, in this way it is cleansed;
- mucus from the cervical canal, which protects it from the penetration of pathogenic microbes;
- bacteria and fungi from the vaginal mucosa, which in small quantities do not pose a danger to the body;
- leukocytes - up to 10 pcs. in a smear is considered normal.
These secretions carry out their positive functions that protect the female reproductive system:
- cleansing internal organs from dead cells;
- normalization of microflora;
- natural hydration during sex;
- combating pathogens;
- protecting the fetus from bacteria during pregnancy.
Therefore, if during examination by a gynecologist he does not have any complaints about the discharge, then there is no need to fight them, it is even dangerous. With their complete disappearance, the protection of the reproductive system will be terminated, and any dangerous bacteria and infections will be able to get into it.
Influence of the cycle on selections
Every woman experiences some changes throughout the month due to the onset of menstruation. The amount and color of the discharge also depends on the period of the cycle.
Vaginal PH changes its performance depending on such periods. For example, acidity rises at the beginning of the cycle. Then it decreases slightly, and during menstruation, alkaline reactions generally occur.
And also the hormonal background affects the female secretions. If there is a predominance of estrogen in the blood, then the secret becomes transparent and even watery.
When progesterone increases, it becomes quite thick and cloudy and may subsequently disappear altogether, which is not a good sign. The following characteristics can be distinguished depending on the day of the cycle:
- from the 1st to the 12th - in a small amount with a slightly sour smell, transparent; for some ladies, after menstruation, they disappear altogether;
- when ovulating, the secret has the consistency of egg white, transparent or slightly whitish; blotches of blood indicate successful fertilization;
- second phase - thickhighlighting a creamy consistency with a beige tint;
- a few days before your period is a brownish secret that does not cause pain or discomfort.
Such indicators for secrets are considered the norm, but not mandatory for every woman. During pregnancy, a woman should be alerted by blood and dark discharge. The rest may appear against the background of a hormonal surge and internal changes in the body.
White highlights
Such a secret without a characteristic odor and inclusions is considered the norm, but if a woman has other complaints along with them, then it is necessary to undergo an examination by a gynecologist.
The following symptoms with white discharge should alert the girl and indicate pathology:
- itching and redness in the vulva;
- sour smell of discharge from women;
- curd texture.
These signs may be the cause of development:
- candidiasis;
- colpitis;
- inflammatory processes in the vaginal mucosa.
And also often such a secret occurs against the background of hormonal changes, poor hygiene and a sedentary lifestyle.
With blood
In gynecology, female discharge with such manifestations is considered a dangerous sign if they are not observed immediately before menstruation. Secret with blood may indicate development:
- oncology;
- cervical erosion;
- polyps;
- inflammation of the endometrium.
Such diseasesrequire urgent treatment and most often in a hospital.
Yellow and beige
This shade of the secret most often indicates the development of an infectious disease. Women with similar symptoms most often experience trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, and inflammation of the vagina.
This type of discharge in women is accompanied by severe itching, pain and even fever. Such infections are very dangerous and are transmitted during sexual intercourse to a partner.
With timely treatment, they can be quickly de alt with. If they turn into a chronic form, then therapy can last for several months.
Thrush
This is the most common pathology among women of all ages. This disease is caused by fungi of the genus Candida. It has distinct features:
- the secret of curdled consistency;
- severe itching in the vulva;
- pain when urinating;
- discomfort during intercourse.
Diagnosis is carried out by analyzing a smear performed by a gynecologist and based on the patient's complaints. The most common cause of itching and discharge in a woman is the development of Candida fungi.
Treatment
Now the pharmaceutical market has provided a lot of drugs against this disease. Modern medicines make it possible to cope with the pathology in a few days.
For example, candles "Livarol" perfectly suppress the growth of these yeasts. Their disadvantage is addiction to the drug. They are great at dealing with thrush.the first and second time, but then the fungus develops resistance to this agent.
"Clotrimazole" is most often prescribed by gynecologists in such situations. It is effective in acute and chronic form. Its use is prohibited during the first trimester of pregnancy.
"Pimafucin" is well tolerated by patients and has a good effect in the fight against fungi. It is approved for use in pregnant women. Its major drawback is its high price.
"Nystatin" copes well with fungi, but does not work on bacteria. May cause dysbacteriosis and chills. Effective in the early stages of the disease. Has a minimum cost.
Folk remedies
These methods were used by our grandmothers, because medicines were not available to everyone and their list was limited. Various herbs cope well with the symptoms of thrush.
Decoctions can be drunk, and also used as a douche. Well proven:
- chamomile;
- St. John's wort;
- sequence;
- calendula.
These plants help to remove itching, redness, heal tissues, restore the vaginal mucosa. How to brew chamomile for douching? The recipe is quite simple.
Requires 1 tbsp. l. pharmacy plant pour 250 ml of boiling water. The broth is infused for about an hour. Then, with the help of a medical small pear, douching is carried out 2 times a day.
From these plants you can make decoctions for oral administration. And also fees from such herbs are very effective. They can be purchased ready-made at the pharmacy or assembled on your own in the autumn season.
Such decoctions can be added to the water for washing. Already after the first procedures, there will be noticeable relief. The sour smell of discharge from women will go away, and itching will stop.
Medicated tampons
Earlier, ladies made such devices on their own, but it was inconvenient and even dangerous. Often, a thread came off from such tampons, and they had to be pulled out by a gynecologist.
Now the issue can be solved very simply. Ready-made tampons are sold at any pharmacy. They can be soaked in medicinal tinctures and used to combat thrush.
- Honey is considered an excellent antibacterial and antifungal agent. A tampon is soaked in it and inserted into the vagina for three to four hours. Treatment continues up to two weeks. This method is contraindicated in the presence of allergies.
- In a decoction of oak bark. A moistened swab is inserted for 15 minutes, the procedure is repeated up to five times a day. The course lasts one week. A decoction can also be used when thrush appears in the mouth to wipe the mucosa.
- In sea buckthorn oil. The procedure is carried out once a day, preferably at night. The tampon is inserted for 30 minutes for 7 days.
- In a solution of chamomile tincture and a few drops of onion juice. The impregnated tampon is applied at night. The tool is used no more than twoweeks.
These methods can be used simultaneously with drug treatment. They will help to cope with the disease faster.
Coarse female discharge
This secret is characteristic of several dangerous diseases:
- Colpitis occurs against the background of a violation of the microflora in the vagina. The reason for this process may be poor hygiene and frequent douching. In this case, the discharge is beige in color and smells very bad. With advanced forms, purulent inclusions may appear.
- Cervicitis develops in the epithelium of the cervix. The discharge has a pinkish tinge. This is due to the ingress of blood from vessels damaged by the infection.
- Endometritis is characterized by brown discharge, especially 2-3 days before menstruation. Clots of coagulated blood may appear in them. This is the exit of dead cells of the uterine lining.
- Oophoritis is a strong inflammatory process in the ovaries. The secret is characterized by a yellow color and a very strong unpleasant odor. The discharge may contain impurities of pus.
- Venereal diseases cause yellow secretion. It is accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen. Over time, pus begins to stand out, and the woman's body temperature rises.
How to treat discharge in women? First of all, the lady should consult a gynecologist. Because the secret does not always need to be treated. If a white discharge is observed in a woman without itching, then they do not need to be fought.
Other conditions require medicationtherapy. Often, broad-spectrum antibiotics, anti-inflammatory vaginal agents, and various douches are used for treatment.
To avoid the appearance of such unpleasant symptoms, every woman must adhere to certain rules:
- wash daily with special intimate gels or baby soap;
- change underwear often;
- use less sweets - they contribute to the development of thrush;
- do not use scented bath products.
Don't change your sexual partners often, especially if they are men you don't know.
Every woman should understand that she is responsible for her he alth. In some cases, she can also affect the condition of her partner. Because "bad" discharge can be the result of sexually transmitted diseases.
