Primary medical care is a type of medical services that includes a set of standard procedures aimed at the preliminary elimination of sources that threaten the life of the victim. These assistance is carried out at the site of injury by the patient (self-help) or by other persons (mutual assistance) who are nearby. Today, there are certain procedures for providing medical care to the population of the Russian Federation.
General requirements for the provision of first aid and its types
The main task in providing the necessary services is, first of all, the ability to provide assistance to a patient who has received an injury or suffered from a sudden attack of illness, before the arrival of a qualified ambulance team.
Today, the procedures for providing specialized medical care by profile include 3 varieties:
- basic medical;
- first aid;
- initial treatment.
The first medical assistance is considered to be the unification of activities carried out by the residents themselves at the site of the lesion, in a wayself- and mutual assistance, as well as participants in rescue operations using improvised and standard equipment. First aid services are provided by a paramedic.
The first medical aid is a complex of medical and preventive procedures performed by specialists and aimed at eliminating the results of the lesion. Thus, the person providing the necessary medical assistance may be a complete outsider who is skilled in providing such assistance.
Global Procedure
Procedures for the provision of specialized medical care by profiles are:
- providing the patient with qualified doctors;
- call an ambulance;
- providing first aid to the victim before the arrival of the medical team.
In what situations is it necessary to call an ambulance
It is recommended to call an ambulance in certain cases:
- The patient is fainting.
- If the casu alty has heavy breathing or no breathing at all.
- Patient has persistent chest pain.
- Profuse bleeding.
- Acute abdominal cramps.
- Intoxication or other urgent circumstances.
In other situations where it is impossible to resort to emergency help, you should trust your instinct.
Standards of Treatment Services
Procedures for the provision of medicalassistance to children and adults are created in accordance with the list of medical assistance and include average coefficients of frequency of use and frequency of supply:
- medical services;
- varieties of medical nutrition, as well as special products for patients;
- drugs registered in Russia (with the installation of medium dosages), according to the instructions for their use and pharmacotherapeutic composition according to the anatomical-therapeutic-chemical specification certified by the World He alth Organization;
- blood components;
- medical products transplanted into the human body;
- other services based on the specificity of the disease (condition).
The use and prescription of medical devices, products and specialized food products that are not included in the relevant standard of medical services is allowed due to the patient's medical indications by decision of the medical board. And here additional procedures for the provision of medical care are already provided.
Healing assistance for bleeding
External blood flow occurs due to trauma to the blood vessels with the appearance of blood on the surface of the skin. The strength of bleeding is determined by the type of wound of the blood vessel. With small cuts, an insignificant blood flow appears, and if large blood-forming vessels (veins, arteries) are damaged, blood flows out instantly, and bleeding can be life-threatening for the victim.
Arterialblood flow is usually strong and fast, with sharp pain in the injured area of the body, with bright red blood that flows from the wound in a stream.
Venous bleeding tends to have more uniform blood flow from the injury site. The blood is dark red or burgundy in color and flows constantly. To eliminate such blood flows, there are certain procedures for the provision of medical care.
If you fainted
This phenomenon is considered an unexpected loss of consciousness, which is accompanied by a weakening of the work of breathing and the heart. Syncope appears with rapidly developing anemia of the brain, it lasts from a few seconds to 3-10 minutes or even more. The indicators of fainting are:
- loss of consciousness;
- nausea;
- sluggishness;
- pallor and cool skin;
- dizziness;
- slow breathing;
- rare and weak pulse (up to 40 beats per minute).
The first thing to do in such a situation is to put the patient on his back so that the legs are raised and the head is lowered. In order to improve the condition of the victim, there are certain procedures for providing medical care.
- Remove tight clothing from chest and neck for easier breathing.
- Cover the patient with something warm and apply a heating pad to the legs.
- Give ammonia to smell and rub whiskey with it.
- Splash your face with cool water.
- If the syncope is prolonged, it is requiredapply artificial respiration.
- As soon as the patient comes out of a faint, you should immediately give him strong coffee.
Help for minor injuries
If there is a deep cut or puncture with any object, you should do the following:
- wash the wound with soapy liquid or an antiseptic solution - a remedy that has antimicrobial activity (for example, hydrogen peroxide, iodine) and is used to treat scratches and cuts;
- to clean dirty abrasions, you must use a sterile swab or napkin, starting from the center of the wound and moving towards its edges;
- apply a small tourniquet.
Specialist services will be needed only in a situation where there is a risk of infection in the cut.
Procedures for the provision of medical care for surgery
There are some rules for giving people surgical care.
- The legal procedure approves the requirements for the provision of medical services to an adult in the speci alty "surgery" in medical clinics.
- Surgical care is provided in the form of the first medical-sanitary, specialized, high-tech assistance.
- Procedures for the provision of medical care can be carried out on an outpatient basis (there is no round-the-clock medical supervision and therapy), at a day hospital (treatment and medical supervision are provided during the day, there is no constant monitoring),inpatient (by arrangement, which provides round-the-clock supervision and therapy).
- Primary he alth services include procedures for the treatment of surgical conditions and ailments, as well as diagnostics, medical recovery, prevention, leading a he althy way of life.
At the present time, it is very important for every person to know the procedures and standards for the provision of medical care in any situation. After all, you can always find yourself in the place where you need to help the victim. And if you do it right, you can save the patient's life before the ambulance arrives.
