Stable blood pressure is rare. For many people, blood pressure levels fluctuate many times, usually abruptly. Such changes are usually immediately felt. It may be associated with dangerous conditions. The symptoms and treatment of pressure surges are described in the article.
Reasons
Human pressure jumps appear for various reasons. The mechanism of this phenomenon is still being identified. This condition usually occurs when:
- stress;
- being in the cold or heat;
- taking certain drugs;
- impaired kidney and/or adrenal function;
- change in atmospheric pressure;
- various hormonal problems.
Almost all people are at risk. Hypertension and hypotension are common throughout the world. According to scientists, pressure surges for a long time arise from the reaction of the body to external conditions. For example, from shame, fear, excitement, when taking alcohol, spicy food. At the same time, the symptoms of pressure surges are usuallythe same.
Diseases
With strong pressure surges, you need to go to the doctor and get examined. Often this is associated with ailments:
- diabetes;
- vascular atherosclerosis;
- thyroid dysfunction;
- hormonal failure;
- impaired kidney function;
- impaired cerebral circulation;
- neurocirculatory or vegetovascular dystonia.
Elevated glucose levels lead to a violation of the permeability of the walls of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure. If diabetes mellitus is not properly treated, then jumps in blood pressure are a common occurrence. In violation of the activity of the thyroid gland, an increase in the production of hormones or a decrease is observed. Because of this, the pressure rises or falls. Deviation from the norm is observed in osteochondrosis. This usually manifests itself in the form of dizziness and severe headache.
Jumps are observed in dystrophic processes in the spine. Vegetovascular dystonia is diagnosed in violation of the activity of the autonomic nervous system. With this ailment, there may be jumps - ups and downs.
Age
Pressure swings in adolescents are a physiological feature associated with growing up. Due to hormonal changes, blood pressure rises and falls. This is normal and does not require special treatment. With age, the indicator will be in the right values.
The elderly also often experience fluctuations. Most people over 60 have high blood pressure. With the wrong takeantihypertensive drugs, the pressure suddenly decreases. For example, the norm is 150 to 100, and after taking the drug, the pressure dropped to 100 to 60, and after a few hours it can rise again to 160 mm Hg. Art. This is due to the fact that with age, the arteries lose their elasticity, and low or normal pressure increases the load on the vessels.
High blood pressure after 60 is associated with:
- essential hypertension;
- kidney failure;
- heart failure;
- vascular atherosclerosis;
- improper use of antihypertensives.
Surges in blood pressure in old age are more harmful than stable indicators without hesitation. This increases the load on the heart and is called a hypertensive crisis. This condition causes dangerous consequences.
Change during the day
Normally, all people have low blood pressure in the morning and high in the evening. This is due to the characteristics of the body. During sleep, the body rests, pressure drops, and the heart rate slows down. During the day, the body is exposed to stress, so there is an increase in vascular tone.
10-15mm fluctuation. rt. Art. are the norm. Strong jumps can deplete the cardiovascular system. This condition requires control.
When Pregnant
Women's body during childbearing experiences a strong load, as it nourishes the child. The risk of occurrence or recurrence of pathology increases. A strong load falls on the heart and blood vessels. If there are violations, do not self-medicate,because not every drug is intended for pregnant women.
Pumps during pregnancy are associated with:
- genetic predisposition;
- unhe althy lifestyle;
- fetal development disorder or other complications.
Do not take previously prescribed drugs for hypertension, otherwise there is a risk of miscarriage or premature birth. In this case, you need to consult a doctor for a new remedy. Doctors advise to be treated in a non-drug way: restore the drinking regimen, nutrition, and perform breathing exercises. If there are risks to the fetus or mother, hospitalization is needed.
Diagnosis
The therapist will help to establish the cause of pressure surges. This specialist can give a referral to a cardiologist, neurologist or endocrinologist. For panic attacks, you can go to a psychologist or psychotherapist for several sessions of therapy.
Instrumental examination methods are used for diagnostics. You can pinpoint the cause of deviations from the norms using:
- daily pressure monitoring;
- electrocardiograms;
- veloergometry;
- complete blood count;
- urinalysis;
- blood chemistry;
- Ultrasound of the heart;
- detection of thyroid hormone levels;
- MRI of the cervical spine;
- Electroencephalograms.
To revealinstability, the doctor recommends self-measurement of pressure in the morning, in the evening and if you feel unwell. The information received is recorded in a diary.
Signs
What are the symptoms of high blood pressure? With low blood pressure, there is a breakdown, suffocation, pain in the back of the head, sweating, dizziness, fainting. There may also be nausea. If there are 2-3 signs, then these are symptoms of a pressure surge.
A spike in blood pressure usually doesn't have that many manifestations. Therefore, hypertension is commonly referred to as the "silent killer". This is the name of the disease from which people die without ever knowing the diagnosis. But with a careful attitude to your he alth, you can still identify some symptoms of sudden pressure surges. There are pains in the heart, bleeding from the nose, dizziness, nausea. Spike symptoms include sudden and causeless anxiety.
Symptoms of pressure surges in cervical osteochondrosis are the same as described above. Usually a person feels general weakness and malaise.
It is possible to accurately determine the presence of a deviation from the norm only with the help of a tonometer. It is best to have this device at home, which will allow you to constantly monitor the level of blood pressure. They also measure blood pressure in clinics.
Sudden changes are often associated with some kind of ailment. Therefore, it is better to consult a doctor about the symptoms and treatment of pressure surges in cervical osteochondrosis. He, depending on the condition, will prescribe effective therapy.
Symptoms of pressure surges in VSD are the same as in other cases.
First Aid
When sharpWhen symptoms of high blood pressure appear, what should be done first? With an increase in the indicator, you should sit down or lie down. The head needs to be slightly raised. It is also important to stop worrying. Scientists have long found out that pressure can be reduced even by the power of thought. Enough to relax to normalize performance.
If the symptoms of pressure surges still persist, what should I do next? It is important to treat the temple area with massaging movements. Slight stroking from the bottom up with your fingertips gives a positive effect. But you shouldn't push. Often, when blood pressure rises, a person panics and is afraid that it increases it even more. It is necessary to constantly talk with the patient.
Fresh air is considered an excellent helper for headaches and pressure surges. In a ventilated room, the indicators quickly normalize. If the values are critical (from 160 mm Hg), a remedy should be taken to lower it. For this, "Clonidine" or "Capoten" is used. If the drug is taken for the first time, you should consider visiting a general practitioner.
Low blood pressure requires lying down. But you should not raise your head, but your legs. You can do the exercise "bike". Coffee and tea are also effective, but you should not make drinks too strong, so as not to cause a jump again. At home, it is desirable to have a coniferous extract with which you can take a warm bath. But it is better to do it with the safety net of another person.
What is the danger?
Whateveris blood pressure? In simple words, this is the force with which the heart pumps blood through the veins and arteries. In those situations where the strength is very high, blood pressure will increase. The consequence may be a rupture of the vascular wall due to stress. A simple example is eye redness from exertion.
And if a vessel bursts, supplying blood to the brain? This can lead to a stroke. At reduced pressure, rupture of blood vessels is excluded, so many of this condition are not afraid. But reduced blood flow leads to:
- insufficient blood supply to internal organs;
- congestion in blood vessels;
- the appearance of blood clots if the blood has a high viscosity;
- hypoxia of the baby in the womb.
The most severe consequence is ischemic stroke. In this condition, a certain part of the brain is not sufficiently supplied with blood, so it stops working. What can happen to a person depends on the affected area.
The indicated consequences appear for pressure surges if the reading changes by more than 10 units. And differences within this indicator are considered the norm.
Folk remedies
Traditional medicine will help eliminate pressure drops. The funds are aimed at strengthening the walls of blood vessels, improving their elasticity. With the help of tinctures, decoctions, it will be possible to clean the vessels. As a result, the indicators will be normal. The best are the following:
- Many vitamins are found in rose hips. It can improve not onlywork of the heart, but also the state of the nervous system. Rosehips can be used to make tea. It is tasty and he althy for various pressure surges.
- A positive effect is provided by a tincture of sunflower flowers. You need to pluck it only at the beginning of flowering.
- Honey and propolis normalize blood pressure. With them, the heart is strengthened, the general condition improves.
Don't ignore your condition. Even with a slight weakness, you need to pay attention to he alth. The condition can be normalized, the main thing is to listen to the body. Do not allow pressure surges, it is desirable to prevent this process.
Pharmacy products
With a sharp increase in pressure, herbal tinctures, which should be at home, will help. In every pharmacy there are funds for alcohol, which lower the performance. The best tinctures are:
- Valerian. The infusion has all the properties to reduce pressure, eliminate spasms, and have a calming effect.
- Motherwort. The tool also quickly lowers blood pressure. The principle of action is similar to valerian tincture.
- Peony. It has a mild sedative effect on the autonomic nervous system. Normalizes not only pressure, but also improves the functioning of blood vessels.
Before using any medicine, you should read the instructions. After all, the tool has its own indications, contraindications and side effects. Only if the drug is completely suitable, it should be used to reducepressure.
Prevention
How to avoid sudden changes in blood pressure? If there is a history of hypo- or hypertension, then recommendations should be provided by the doctor. Drugs designed to treat arterial hypertension lead to various side effects. A specialist is able to take them into account. When the pressure is normal, you need to track all cases of jumps.
An excellent preventive measure is to lead a he althy lifestyle. Proper nutrition, normal physical activity, elimination of bad habits are necessary. Other positive aspects include a normal daily routine, good sleep, and the development of stress resistance. This is a powerful defense against feeling unwell.
Conclusion
Completely prevent pressure changes will not work. But there is an opportunity to minimize their frequency and harm. To do this, you need to adhere to a he althy lifestyle and follow the recommendations of the doctor. Prevention of hypertension is the only way to eliminate chronic pressure drops and relieve stress on the heart.
