We try to take care of our body, its internal organs. But for some reason, we often forget about the largest organ of our body - the skin, which needs no less care.
The delicate skin of the face, for example, if left unattended, suffers a lot and can become problematic. In a series of skin troubles and diseases, there is such a thing as spots on the face. What are they, why do they appear and how to deal with them?
What are the stains
You need to start with what spots on the face can be. There are two options: either they are pigmented, or they are red. Both cases have their own causes, their methods of treatment and prevention.
Pigment spots
What are age spots? These are darkened areas of the skin that have suddenly acquired a brownish tint. Some believe that age spots are a consequence of advancing old age. But this is a misconception. Such spots can appear at absolutely any age - both at 18 and at 55 years old. The reason is not at all in old age, although pigmentation is most common in middle-aged women.
To your educationage spots, like moles and freckles, are due to excessive accumulation of melanin. If this pigment accumulates in the upper layers of the skin - the epidermis - lighter and smaller spots are formed: either moles or freckles. If the accumulation of melanin occurred in the deeper layers, pigment spots appear here.
Reasons for appearance
What are the causes of spots on the face, and not only on it? What contributes to the increased production of melanin?
There are actually a lot of reasons for pigmentation. Far from the last role, for example, is played by the hereditary factor - in this case, spots on the face and body are already noticeable in newborn babies (by the way, cases of redness in children and what to do about it will be discussed separately). Pigmentation may also occur as a result of hormonal changes in the body, for example, during or after pregnancy, during menstruation, or as a result of any disease that disrupts the hormonal process.
Often the causes of spots on the face are skin injuries, for example, severe forms of acne, burns, unsuccessful peels, and so on. And since the skin on the face is the thinnest and most delicate, it often owes the appearance of age spots to prolonged exposure to sunlight. People with a predisposition to pigmentation (fair-skinned, elderly, freckled, etc.) should generally avoid UV exposure.
Another reason is diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Malfunctions of the kidneys, liver, intestines, gallbladder - all this can very easily lead to the appearancepigment spots. As well as nervous overload, constant fatigue, stress, disorders only contribute to the emergence of skin problems on the whole body, and especially on the face, because, as already mentioned, it is the most tender there, and therefore the most vulnerable.
In addition, spots on the face (photo below) can also appear as a result of a lack of minerals and / or vitamin C in the body (by the way, this reason is very common). In some cases, skin pigmentation is the body's reaction to taking medications, in particular antibiotics. May be the result of an allergy to any cosmetics. And finally, another very common reason is the onset of old age.
Pigment spots on the face: how to remove
Theory is good, but if the spots have already appeared, what to do? Is it possible to somehow fight them or will I have to walk like this all my life now? Of course, it is possible, and even necessary, to fight, because, despite the fact that such spots in themselves do not carry any danger, there is little pleasant in seeing them on your skin.
So, in the case of a hereditary skin disease, age spots, unfortunately, are removed only by surgery - laser surgery is performed, for example. If they were brought to life by hormonal diseases, this disease must first be treated, most likely, after its disappearance, age spots will also disappear, since the hormonal background of the body stabilizes.
But in the case of hormonal changes, as well as with a lack of vitamins, withdiseases of the gastrointestinal tract or taking medications, no special treatment is required. Age spots will disappear as soon as the cause of their appearance is eliminated - for example, the lack of useful elements in the body is compensated.
It must be remembered that the cosmetologist should determine the method of treating age spots. Consultation with narrow specialists will also help: a gastroenterologist, endocrinologist, gynecologist or even a therapist. With the right treatment, the spots on the face can be expected to either disappear or become so pale that they can then be easily removed.
Methods of treating age spots
Treatment of spots on the face is possible in several ways. For example, bleaching. This procedure is carried out using a special zinc paste, hydrogen peroxide or a cream with an admixture of mercury (the latter is forbidden to be used by expectant and nursing mothers, and everyone else can use it for a very, very short time).
A variety of cosmetic procedures, which are also a means of combating age spots, include laser treatment. It has already been mentioned above. Laser beams remove the top layer of the skin, as a result of which it is updated. This method, although effective, is very painful. For those who decide on such treatment (or rather, to whom the doctor recommends it), it is best to carry it out in the cold season, since there is less sunlight in winter, and they will need to be very careful after laser cleaning.
Another cosmetic procedure is peeling. He can be likeultrasonic and chemical. Thanks to peeling, the skin is renewed, the stain disappears. This type of procedure has a fairly large number of contraindications (however, like any surgical intervention). In addition, you can resort to phototherapy - treatment with light pulses.
In addition to whitening and cosmetic procedures, you can use special creams to remove age spots. However, it is important to remember here that the use of such products is permissible only after consultation and permission of the doctor, since self-prescription and excessive use of these creams can lead to an increase, and not to the disappearance of spots.
And finally, another method of dealing with age spots are folk remedies - masks and lotions. These include:
- fresh cucumber mask,
- parsley lotion,
- lemon juice and yeast mask,
- protein mask,
- lotion made from milk and vodka, etc.
The advantage of these products is their gentle effect on the skin of the face, however, they can cause allergies, therefore, in order not to make it worse, it is better to first experiment with a new product on a small area of \u200b\u200bthe skin and see how it reacts.
How to prevent stains
There is one simple rule: so that you do not have to treat later, you just need not to bring it to a sore. Proper nutrition, taking vitamin C in the spring, sunscreens, periodic visits to narrow specialists to control your well-being - and no age spots willnot terrible. It is also important not to self-medicate, so as not to aggravate the problem.
Red Spots: Causes
Red spots are another story. Before figuring out how to get rid of spots on the face, you should understand what they appear from. As well as pigmented ones, red ones are able to strew the skin of both the face and the body at absolutely any age. And there are a million reasons for this.
First, beriberi, especially in spring and autumn. Secondly, malnutrition: our skin, especially on the face, is a projection of our stomach. What is inside is also outside, and our body signals us about any malfunctions with the help of the skin. So it's often enough to simply reconsider your diet and stop "shove" countless hamburgers and chocolates into yourself.
Another factor is an allergic reaction. For cosmetics, dust, animals, plants, food - no matter what. The main thing that is reflected is all the spots on the face. Skin diseases can also cause redness, lead to acne, and, as in the case of increased pigmentation, hormonal changes.
Red spots on the face can be a skin reaction to severe frost, for example, in winter, as well as to cold or hot water when washing. They can lead to diseases of the cardiovascular system or digestive tract, high blood pressure, as well as the most common herpes.
Failed facial cleansing, prolonged UV exposure, genetics, dehydration, dry skin, overexertion both physical andmental, stress - these and many other factors also affect the appearance of red spots on the face. It is believed that often the skin turns red due to a rush of blood. The reason for this may be stress or temperature fluctuations.
Additional features
Sometimes it happens that there are spots on the face, and that's it. And sometimes this is accompanied by some other symptoms by which you can determine what exactly happened to the body, what he is trying to say.
So, if the red spots that appear hurt, most likely it is lichen. If the spots on the face are flaky, then the reason for their occurrence is exposure to the skin of cold or sunlight. When scabies is added to the peeling, you should go for an examination to a dermatologist. If the spot on the face itches, the face itself is swollen, sneezing appears, perhaps water is pouring from the nose - this is nothing more than an allergy.
In case of severe frostbite, the redness will not be pure red, but red-white. If the spots on the face are rough to the touch, most likely the body does not have enough water. If they seem to get wet, it is eczema. The latter should be taken with the greatest seriousness, since eczema is a rather dangerous and unpleasant disease. If it is not treated in time, it will begin to rot.
By the way, flaky spots on the face can also reflect serious diseases in the body - they can be the result of fungal infections or HIV.
How to deal with red spots
It is not always necessary to resort to their treatment to eliminate red spots. Sometimes it's easy enoughStart taking care of your skin differently. For example, you can change cosmetics, moisturize your skin, make masks if necessary, and the like. It is also worth changing your lifestyle: stop smoking, stop abusing alcohol, start eating fully and correctly, include vitamins in your diet, go in for sports. You need to try to arrange your life in such a way as to minimize the likely stress and physical activity.
However, if treatment is necessary, in no case should you do it yourself. If such irritants appear, and their causative agent cannot be eliminated without medical intervention, it is imperative to consult a specialist - a dermatologist, who will suggest the correct treatment.
To eliminate red spots on the face after consulting a doctor, you can use a variety of creams, multivitamin complexes, injections, sedatives or antihistamines, special ointments, vitamin masks, clay therapy, massage, exposure to current or cold.
There is a method for everyone, depending on the cause and severity of the disease. Of course, in the case of the elimination of red spots, it is permissible to resort to various folk remedies. These can be masks: honey, oatmeal, cucumber, or tinctures, decoctions, and the like.
Problems in children
What to do if there are spots on the face of a child? Parents immediately sound the alarm. And they are doing it right, because in case of he alth issues for the baby, it is not necessary to self-medicate. Shouldimmediately consult a doctor, and let the excitement be in vain, the reason is ridiculous, let them consider you an alarmist, but, as they say: “God saves the safe.”
So, red spots on the face of a baby can appear for various reasons. For example, with a birth injury or an allergy, after an insect bite or as a result of a disease, due to a malfunction of any organs or due to a change in climate. In infants, red spots can be especially pronounced at a time when the baby is crying or screaming. Redness does not need to be treated, they disappear without a trace as soon as the little one calms down.
But if red spots on the face appeared due to any infectious disease: rubella, chickenpox, measles and the like - then you need to immediately contact the doctors. The doctor will be able to choose the right treatment.
Red spots on the baby's face can be a reaction to the cold and the sun. They can also indicate internal diseases or a consequence of overheating. Often the face turns red and stains with strong excitement, fear, overwork.
By and large, the causes of this unpleasant phenomenon are the same in both adults and babies. You just need to remember that children's skin is much softer and more sensitive than that of adults. Therefore, she can react to any pathogens a hundred times stronger.
Often, this redness goes away on its own, but you need to call the doctor immediately in the following cases:
- if the appearance of redspots on the face accompanied by blue skin, lips, nails;
- sharp chest pain, increased and/or difficulty breathing;
- swelling has formed near the eyes, lips or throat.
These are all signs of serious illnesses that should not be delayed.
Interesting skin facts
- The "area" of human skin is approximately two square meters.
- Human skin is renewed every twenty-eight days.
- Old epidermal cells die faster in children than in adults. That is why the skin color of babies is so pure and pink.
- The epidermis becomes paler when sick.
- Moles on human skin appear already at birth. But freckles - only after sun exposure.
- The weight of the epidermis takes up almost sixteen percent of the total weight of the entire body.
- On the eyelids is the thinnest skin. Its layer is no more than 5/100 of a millimeter.
- Skin becomes drier and less elastic with age.
- The so-called goosebumps that periodically run through our body are the result of muscle strain.
- Narwhal skin contains about the same amount of vitamin C as an orange.
- Tigers also have striped skin, and these stripes are unique, just like human fingerprints.
- Excessive use of hot water causes oils to be washed off the body, leaving the epidermis dry, itchy and rough.
One way or another, in some cases eliminatered and age spots on the face at home is quite real. But to abuse self-medication and neglect your own he alth, and even more so the he alth of children, is still not worth it.
