The state has created a whole system of assistance for the social protection of those people who have persistent he alth disorders, injuries, cannot work, have limited opportunities for socialization. Its goal is to reduce the distance between a sick person and society. It consists of several components:
- establishing the fact of incapacity for work;
- determining the level of disability;
- decisions on ways to socialize a disabled person;
- define possible social state support;
- comprehensive social support.
ITU – what is it
To solve some of these issues in relation to each specific person requiring state support, they created a medical and social expertise (ITU). Strictly speaking, ITU is a state expertise designed to resolve the issue of establishing disability for a particular person.
Among the main tasks of the ITU is to determine the degree of damage to the basic functions of the body of a particular person, identify possible ways of rehabilitation, and legally recognize him as disabled.
ITU structure
For each specific person who needs to be establisheddisability, the examination is carried out in the ITU office at the place of residence. They are branches of the General Bureaus located in the regions.
There are city and district branches of the Main Bureaus, where you should come with a referral and documents. A disabled person can apply to the ITU at the place of residence (this may be the place of his stay) or at the location (if he left the Russian Federation). For example, to conduct ITU Moscow, one should contact one of the 95 branches of the ITU GB in Moscow (their addresses are posted on the official website of the Head Office).
In case of disagreement with the decision of the local branch, a person (or his guardian) can appeal it to the Head Office, as a rule, these are regional structures. Then the examination will be carried out here (in our example, it will be the ITU Head Office for Moscow).
The main structure is the Federal Bureau of ITU. In difficult situations, in case of disagreement with the decision of the Head Body, the examination is carried out here, its decision can be appealed in court.
The Federal Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise is subordinate to the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation.
Tasks and powers
One of the main functions of the ITU is the establishment of a disability group. This procedure is an actual overall assessment of the he alth status of the person applying to the bureau.
Special expert groups have been created to conduct examinations of people with various diseases:
- mixed groups will examine patients with common diseases;
- special groups are formed to considerquestions for people aged 18-1.
And profile groups have also been created for examination:
- TB patients;
- persons with mental disorders;
- visually impaired.
Examination will be carried out by an expert group depending on the disease that the patient has.
When passing the ITU, the issue of rehabilitation is also resolved and an individual rehabilitation program (IPR) is issued (or adjusted).
Place of examination
At the same time, in accordance with the Rules for recognizing a person as disabled (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 20, 2006 No. 95), an examination is possible:
- in the office, at the place of residence;
- at home if he alth conditions prevent delivery to the office;
- in the he alth facility where the person is being treated;
- in absentia.
About disability groups and criteria for their establishment
The ITU survey implies the definition of a disability group (its extension) or the refusal to establish it. All disability groups 3, and there is also a category of "disabled child". Bureau of ITU disability can be set for 1 or 2 years, for 5 years and for life (this is determined by the relevant criteria of the Rules).
Specification of groups has a detailed list of he alth disorders of the examined person. These criteria underlie the establishment of a disability group by an examination.
For example, when persistent moderate violations lead to a decrease inthe ability to perform previously habitual professional duties or to reduce the volume or intensity of work, and also cause an inability to continue activities in the main profession, but at the same time it remains possible for a person to perform duties of a lower qualification under standard conditions. This indicates the presence of 1 degree of limitation of the main categories of life, there are grounds for assigning a III disability group.
If there are persistently expressed disorders of body functions that require special devices to perform labor activity or the creation of specific working conditions, any special technical equipment. means or assistance of unauthorized persons, they qualify as the second degree of restriction. In this case, the second group of disability is assigned.
When fixing persistently expressed he alth disorders, leading to the impossibility (even contraindications) of labor activity or absolute inability to it, there is a 3rd degree. These are signs of disability group I.
A separate category "disabled child" is established if a person aged 1 to 18 years has signs of any degree of limitation of the main life categories of life activity.
The appointment of the group depends on the general he alth of the person undergoing the examination. It takes into account very many factors that limit the main categories of life. Among them will be his ability to self-service, orientation, communication, movement, ability to control himself and learning (which is very important for children and young people).people).
When all these factors are taken into account, the group will be established. The criteria themselves are approved specifically for each group and have uniform, very clear recommendations for all ITU branches in Russia.
On the possible purposes of the examination
In addition to the main goal - the maximum adaptation of a disabled person to society - the ITU also pursues more specific goals. These should include:
- determining a person with a disability group (category "disabled child");
- determination of the degree of loss of professional skills and ability to work;
- development (or its correction) of an individual rehabilitation program;
- development (or its correction) of a rehabilitation program for the victim.
And also a commission can be held in order to establish:
- stages of loss of professional skills from an occupational disease or accident at work;
- care needs of a close relative, a citizen doing military service;
- signs of a persistent he alth disorder for police officers and other structures.
How to get directions
To pass the examination, you need to get a referral (to the patient himself or his guardian). This can be done in the following ways:
- Contact a he althcare facility of the Russian Federation ,where the person requiring examination is being observed or being treated.
- Submit an application to the branch of the Pension Fund. Hereyou will be required to submit the necessary medical documents certifying illness, injury or disability.
- Come with an appeal to the social security authorities, while there must be signs of a person's disability and his need for social protection.
A medical institution issues a referral in the form No. 088 / y-06. In which there will be information about the state of he alth of the person being sent and the restorative possibilities of his he alth, about the rehabilitation measures taken, their results, and necessarily the purpose for which the person is sent to the ITU (disability and group are not indicated in it).
Social protection authorities and the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation issue a referral in the form approved by order of the Ministry of He alth and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated December 25, 2006 No. 874, which contains information about signs of limited life activity (as a rule, based on the fact established by them) and the need for social protection, direction targets.
If a person has been denied a referral by all of the institutions listed, they may appeal directly to ITU affiliates.
What other documents are needed for examination
Documents are attached to the received referral. Their list will depend on the purpose for which the referral is issued. And you can get it along with the referral.
Common for all types of expertise will be:
- a written application for an examination from a person who needs it;
- identity document of the disabled person and his guardian (if available). For kidsup to 14 years old, documents of one of the parents are required;
- Medical report confirming he alth problems.
Most likely, the following documents will also be needed:
- Medical outpatient card, examination protocols (ultrasound, MRI, CT) and x-rays, hospital discharges (any medical documentation of he althcare institutions of the Russian Federation confirming a he alth disorder).
- Copy of work book (certified by the personnel department) or original (for non-working).
- Documents of education (if available).
- Production characteristics for ITU (has an approved sample), it indicates the working conditions, the length of the working day and the nature of the work performed, how the person copes with his duties.
- For children and students, a pedagogical characteristic (compiled in the usual form).
- For persons re-passing the ITU, this is a certificate of disability (original).
- IPR.
Who are legal representatives
In a number of cases, a person who requires the establishment of a disability, due to his illness, cannot be fully responsible for his actions or is physically unable to collect certificates and go to the authorities. This will be the basis for their interests to be represented by legal representatives. They can be parents, children, other relatives, spouses or strangers who have custody of the disabled person (in which case a guardianship decision will be required).
When examining children under 14 years of age and adolescents under 18 by their legalparents will be representatives. The law provides for their mandatory participation in the process (the examination is not carried out without them). If the child does not have parents, then they are replaced by guardians.
In all these cases, legal representatives for ITU are an important part of the process. They must submit documents that certify kinship or marriage, and can carry out a number of actions for the patient. So, they collect the necessary certificates, bring the patient for examination, organize the departure of the commission home, if it is impossible to deliver it. In fact, they represent the interests of their ward at the ITU.
About results
During the examination, a protocol is being kept. Then an inspection report is drawn up, which consists of 2 parts. It is kept for 10 years. In the hands of the person in respect of whom the examination was carried out, they issue:
- Help. It indicates the group of disability, the reason and the period for which the disability was established, there must be a link to the examination certificate and its details.
- Individual rehabilitation program.
An extract from the act, which must be drawn up, is sent to the regional branch of the Pension Fund no later than 3 days.
If a person disagrees with the results of the examination, you must write a statement to the same regional or head office no later than 1 month from the date of receipt of the certificate. The period during which the re-examination must take place is 1 month.
If you disagree with the conclusions of the commission, you can alsogo to court.
