In the article, we will consider what Bish's fat lump is.
Aesthetic surgery, as a rule, is focused on the modern consumer, therefore it is obliged to answer the most common requests of potential clients. Today, a slender body, a thin face and expressive cheekbones are in fashion, so women have a clear tendency to change the fullness and size of the face. More and more patients of plastic surgeons decide to have surgery in order to remove Bish's fat lumps.
Anatomy
They are encapsulated fatty formations that are localized between the superficial muscles of the face (large, chewing and zygomatic minor) and the cheek muscle on both sides of the face. Named education data named after French physiologist and anatomist Marie Francois Xavier Bichat.
Let's consider the topography of Bish's fat pad.
The formations have three lobes - anterior, middle and posterior. The anterior lobe is surrounded by the excretory duct of the salivary parotid gland. Average occupies an intermediateposition between the posterior and anterior lobes and is located above the upper jaw, significantly reducing as a person grows. The posterior lobe goes from the temporalis muscle and the infraorbital sulcus to the upper mandibular margin, then further to the mandibular ramus.
How are Bish's lumps visualized? Photos are presented in the article.
The fatty formation of the cheek is located in a rather dense fascial capsule, which separates the formation from the subcutaneous tissue and the buccal muscle, which is located somewhat deeper. Some part of the fat body is located in the nearby parotid-masticatory zone. Processes depart from this part of the body: orbital, temporal and pterygopalatine, which penetrate into the corresponding zones. The temporal process rises under the zygomatic bone along the outer wall of the orbit, localized in the masticatory-maxillary region and extends to the anterior edge of the temporal muscle, where it connects with the deep temporal and temporal subfascial spaces.
The orbital process, localized in the infratemporal fossa, is adjacent to the lower fissure of the orbit. The pterygopalatine process is located further to the outer base of the skull, between the posterior edges of the lower and upper jaws and the base of the pterygoid process. Often, the pterygopalatine process reaches the inferomedial region of the superior orbital fissure and penetrates into the cranial cavity.
In medical science, there are several opinions about the function of Bish's fat lumps. Scientists believe that these formations play an important role during sucking and chewing, especially in infants.age. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that the lumps undergo significant reverse development as the organism grows. Doctors also suggest that fatty bodies provide normal muscle gliding, which greatly facilitates the act of chewing. In addition, it is believed that Bish's fat lumps (in the photo - before and after their removal) provide a protective shock-absorbing function, since they protect the sensitive muscles of the face from injury. Nevertheless, the question of their role in the human body continues to be debatable today.
Aesthetic look
Due to their localization, Bish's fat lumps can give the face an excessively rounded and puffy shape, adding additional volume to the oval of the face from below. Sometimes even naturally slender people who are not overweight can have unnaturally plump cheeks.
Encapsulated fat cannot be removed through diet and exercise, because it has a special nature of occurrence, and traditional methods of dealing with fullness in such a case are completely ineffective. In order to correct the appearance, burdened by the presence of such formations, the complete or partial removal of Bish's fat lump is performed.
The need for removal and indications for surgery
The main indication for surgery to remove fat lumps is the desire of a person to improve the shape of the face, as a rule, in the following cases:
- if there is excessive body fat on the face:
- when roundthe shape of the face, which is enhanced by adipose tissue;
- with the development of age-related changes, which are caused by the formation of skin folds, wrinkles, drooping cheeks;
- when undergoing plastic surgery in the facial area, such as chin liposuction, zygomatic implants, skin tightening, thread lifting.
In the latter case, this technique acts as an additional correction. Sometimes incomplete removal may be carried out, but only the transfer of fatty formations under the cheekbones in order to create additional volume in the cheek area.
The presence of large formations in a patient is not considered a pathology and in no way threatens he alth. The aesthetic preferences of patients are an indication for the removal of Bish's fat lumps. Photos before and after the operation are of interest to many.
How is the operation performed?
Surgical intervention to remove Bish's lumps is aimed solely at correcting the oval of the face, but such an operation cannot radically change the patient's appearance. As a result of such an intervention, you can smooth out the contours of the face, refresh the skin, ennobling the lower part of the chin.
The surgical procedure is performed on an outpatient basis, the method of anesthesia is chosen individually. The surgeon makes an incision in the area of the inner surface of the cheek and provides direct access to the fat capsules. The amount of fat to be removed is calculated on an individual basis and directly depends on the desire of the patient, the shape of the face he needs and his personalanatomical features.
With the concomitant correction of the cheekbones, fat deposits are transported higher, thereby creating additional volume in this area. This event in plastic surgery is called Bish's fat pad transposition. After completing all the necessary surgical procedures, the specialist closes the incision with a special absorbable material.
Removal of fat lumps can also be carried out through incisions on the face. This technique is much more complicated and more traumatic than when fatty formations are removed through incisions on the inside of the cheeks. In general, such surgical intervention is additional if any major operation in the facial area is performed, requiring incisions. They are often used not only to achieve the main goal, but also to remove Bish's lumps.
The volume of formations to be removed can be different, which directly depends on the cosmetic effect that the patient needs to receive. However, in most situations, Bish's lumps are completely removed. A specialized disinfectant pad is applied over the seams.
Contraindications for surgery
In order for the surgical cosmetic procedure to remove wen to be successful, it is important for the doctor to exclude some contraindications to its implementation. Notable among them are:
- presence of inflammatory processes in the patient's mouth, neck and face;
- periodontitis, caries;
- acute stage of infectiousdiseases;
- diabetes mellitus;
- blood clotting disorders;
- pathology of the liver of acute and chronic course;
- presence of a history of mental illness, as well as epileptic seizures;
- underweight or overweight of the patient, which exceeds 25% of the normal body weight;
- dynamic weight gain or weight loss during surgery;
- young age, when Bish's fat lumps have not yet completed the stage of their reduction.
Rehabilitation period
When taking into account the quality of modern cosmetology services, the occurrence of complications during the rehabilitation period, as a rule, is due to the development of allergic reactions to the substance used as an anesthetic, as well as to the suture material. In addition, the possibility of individual reactions to anesthesia cannot be ruled out. The duration of the recovery period after surgery is limited to a time interval of two weeks.
The rehabilitation period is characterized by the presence of such unpleasant symptoms as swelling of the cheeks, moderate pain in the face and neck throughout this time. The stitches on the inside of the cheeks heal in about 2-4 days. If the medical specialist did not use a material that dissolves on its own, then the sutures are removed 6-8 days after the surgical procedure.
The course of a fairly easy postoperative period is still associated with a number of restrictions, which must necessarilycomply with the patient. These recommendations include:
- cancel physical activity for 2-3 weeks;
- maximally reduce the load on the muscles of the face;
- to avoid excessive swelling, you should sleep on your back with a high pillow under your head;
- do not stay in the water for a long time, do not go to saunas.
In addition, some restrictions apply to the patient's diet during the rehabilitation period:
- for the first three days, the patient restricts himself exclusively to liquid nutrition, which eliminates the possibility of traumatizing the inner surface of the cheeks where the stitches are located;
- for the next 2-3 weeks, too solid food should be excluded from the diet, thereby eliminating excessive muscle strain;
- do not injure the mouth with too hot or cold food and drinks.
In addition, you should pay special attention to oral hygiene after meals and follow the recommendations of doctors on taking anti-inflammatory drugs.
The results of surgical removal of Bish's fat lumps and processes can be seen only after the end of the rehabilitation period, but it is recommended to fully evaluate them after 4-6 months, when the damaged tissues will finally heal and the face will take a permanent shape.
Can they be removed without prompt action?
Unfortunately, these fatty formations cannot be eliminated through physical activity, diets and massages. Facebook building is also ineffectiveand specialized cosmetic lipolytics. The only way to deal with these fatty deposits is surgery.
Bish's Lumps. Before and after surgery
Before the operation to remove fat lumps, the face looks swollen, especially its lower part. The cheeks tend to sag towards the lower jaw, making it look massive. At the same time, age-related changes in the skin are pronounced - wrinkles, especially nasolabial folds.
After this surgical event, a smooth facial contour is created, the massiveness of the lower jaw decreases, the cheekbones are emphasized.
People look younger without Bish's fat pads. Photos before and after confirm this.
Operation cost
Given the relative simplicity and short postoperative period, the removal of Bish's lumps is currently a very popular procedure. The price of the operation is relatively low, which greatly increases its availability. The price is approximately 30,000 rubles. Of course, this amount may be higher, but it usually depends on the status and popularity of the medical clinic where the cosmetic procedure will be performed.
When choosing a clinic, you should follow the rules of the golden mean. Too low a price for such services is an absolute risk. A doctor who does not have sufficient experience in this kind of surgery can easily damage the facial nerve endings, which are located in close proximity to Bish's fat lumps, whichlead to serious irreversible consequences.
By trusting a proven surgeon and following simple rules for post-surgical care, you can achieve the expected result and maintain attractiveness for a long time.
Possible complications and negative consequences
After removing Bish's lumps, the risk of complications is quite low. However, in some cases, the consequences can be extremely negative. These include:
- the development of an inflammatory process in the area of the internal tissues of the cheeks (occurs if there were hidden foci of inflammation in the body or the tissues of the mucous membrane were injured, for example, in the process of eating solid food);
- facial nerve damage;
- face asymmetry, which develops in cases where fatty formations were removed unevenly, for example, by the hands of an inexperienced specialist.
In the latter case, a new plastic surgery will be required in order to achieve a uniform effect. If the nerve endings in the facial area are damaged, such a complication is extremely difficult to treat, and most often is irreversible.
We examined the anatomy of Bish's fat pads and the features of the procedure for their removal.
