There are many reasons for menstrual irregularities, and this phenomenon itself causes concern for any woman. On time, steadily coming critical days, the same in duration and volume of discharge from month to month - an indicator of the he alth of the body and the excellent work of the reproductive organs. What can cycle failures indicate?
A Reason to Joy
Many women do not feel well with the onset of menstruation, so the arrival of this period is expected almost with horror. But as soon as the bleeding lingers, deviates from the schedule, there are even more doubts and worries. What is the reason? Why are the deadlines being shifted, the nature and volume of allocations changing? One of the possible causes of menstrual irregularities is the conception of a child. Every adult knows that a delay in menstruation may indicate pregnancy. Such a reason to break the cycle is a real joy, because a miracle happened, a new life was born.
To clarifycondition, see a doctor. Blood samples will be taken from the patient to be tested for specific hormones. If pregnancy is confirmed, there should be no normal discharge until successful resolution of the burden. If the cause of the violation of the menstrual cycle is the conception of a child, but after confirming this fact, discharge similar to menstruation appears, you should consult a doctor. There is a possibility that the gestation proceeds with problems.
Need more joy
A possible cause of menstrual irregularities is the abundance of stress factors affecting a woman. A variety of phenomena can provoke cyclical failures, from a quarrel at home to difficulties with building a career. Divorce, loss of a loved one, any experiences have a negative impact not only on mood, but also on well-being, human he alth. One of the possible consequences is a violation of the cycle of monthly allocations.
Stress greatly affects the hormonal background and can cause various failures and disorders, not always predictable. It is known that after a strong emotional experience, a nervous shock, critical days are late, come earlier than expected, drag on, become plentiful. The opposite case is also possible - a sudden shortening of the cycle, the scarcity of secretions. As a rule, by the next month everything is back to normal. If the failures continue, you should consult a doctor.
Environment and its influence
Possible cause of irregular menstruation at age 30,20 or 40 - in a word, at any age - acclimatization. I must say, it is she who meets quite often and is a significant reason that spoils a long-planned vacation. Many of our compatriots prefer to fly on a well-deserved vacation to distant warm lands, to the sea and ocean, where you can sunbathe in the gentle sun. Others are drawn to the high mountains, where the air is clean and fresh. In the midst of this bliss, sudden abdominal pains can easily begin, followed by untimely bleeding.
There is another scenario. The vacation goes well and even excellent, ends, the lady returns home, and critical days do not come in due time. The same reason for menstrual irregularities in girls is relevant here - the body's adaptation to the climate. Changing time, climatic, geographical zones is a serious stress, especially if it happens quickly - for example, when flying across half the globe. External conditions have a strong impact on the hormonal background, so you need to prepare for this scenario in advance. Equally, it is necessary to assume the arrival of bleeding ahead of time, and their delay, a change in the duration or volume of discharges.
Rhythms and Habits
A possible cause of menstrual irregularities in girls is a change in rhythm and lifestyle. Often, failures are observed in those who decide to start actively training and attending the gym, in ladies who change their place of work, and with it the schedule of sleep and wakefulness. Induce menstrual cycle adjustmentcan activate intimate life or its exclusion from their daily routine. In the predominant percentage of cases, violations are short-lived, after 1-2 months everything returns to normal.
A possible cause of menstrual irregularities after 30 (as well as before) is a change not only in the rhythm of life, but also in the nutrition program. Excess food, a strict diet, unreasonably long intervals between meals, the scarcity of the diet - all this affects the functioning of the reproductive system. It is she who is perhaps the very first to change the diet. In many ways, the discharge is determined by the percentage of adipose tissue in the body. The irregularity of the cycle is possible if the content of such cells is less than 20%. If the indicator falls below 15%, cyclic spotting stops completely. But in the case when the norm is exceeded by 15-20%, such fatty tissues can provoke a change in the opposite direction - menstruation will come more often, last longer. To minimize such risks, you need to eat right, maintain a normal weight, but not get too carried away with losing weight.
Diseases and disorders
A possible cause of menstrual irregularities after 30 or before this age limit is infection, a cold. More often failures are observed against the background of influenza, rubella. They can be caused by chickenpox and a simple SARS. Rubella, smallpox are provoked by such pathogens that correct the process of follicle formation in the tissues of the ovary, which means that there is a risk of a prolonged delay in secretions. If a woman has had an infectious disease, and afterrecovery delay reaches a week or more, tests confirm the absence of pregnancy, you need to come to the doctor. The doctor will conduct research and prescribe a therapeutic course. Neglect of this condition can cause infertility in the future.
Possible cause of the menstrual cycle: after suffering an external aggressive influence, the hormonal background is disturbed. Internal factors can also provoke such failures. Cyclic selection is a delicate process. This phenomenon depends on a wide variety of hormonal compounds, and a change in the concentration of at least one of them leads to a violation. If failures are frequent, pregnancy is excluded, the reasons are not obvious, you need to consult a doctor. The doctor will prescribe a course of tests to determine the concentration of hormones in the circulatory system at different stages of the cycle. Indicate a hormonal cause can be both too abundant and meager discharge that comes earlier and later than the due date. A possible reason is the malfunction of the ovaries, adrenal glands, thyroid gland.
Diseases and their treatment
Irregular menstruation at 40, 30 or 20, and at any other age can be explained by drug therapy. Some drugs that are common in our time can provoke a cycle failure. As a rule, an indication of such a side effect is in the instructions for use. The problem often accompanies the use of antimicrobial, hormonal agents, as well as contraceptives, including emergency ones. To minimizenegative consequences for your body in general and reproductive organs in particular, drugs should be taken strictly under the supervision of a specialist.
The causes of menstrual irregularities (at 35, 25 or 45 - absolutely at any age) can be quite unpleasant. We are talking about diseases that affect the hormonal background. There are a huge number of he alth disorders that can lead to a cycle failure; only a doctor can identify a specific one by conducting research and prescribing tests. If there is an assumption that the problem is provoked by a disease, you should not hesitate to go to the doctor, since a number of pathologies are extremely dangerous. In some cases, a violation of the cycle indicates malignant neoplasms.
Procreation
It was stated above that a possible cause of menstrual irregularities at 40, 30, 20 years old and any other age is pregnancy. But there are other conditions that are closely related to this and affect the discharge, namely, the interruption of the process of bearing a child and the birth of a child. Soon after natural childbirth, the body restores reproductive function, but this does not happen instantly. The first time after birth, menstruation is absent. This condition is absolutely normal, it is not a pathology. But if, even after six months, bleeding has not begun, or they are extremely irregular and unpredictable, you should consult a doctor. There may have been hormonal imbalances. The doctor will choose the best care program for the patient.
Abortion is much more traumatic for the bodycause of menstrual irregularities. After 30 years (however, before this age too), the female body is extremely difficult to endure abortion. It does not matter whether it is spontaneous or initiated by external factors. Either way, the situation is dangerous. There is a serious violation of the hormonal balance, the whole body is in conditions of increased stress. The tissues are harmed, the uterus suffers first of all. There is a risk of complications and negative consequences, up to the inability to become pregnant again.
About terms and rules
Currently, a single classifier of diseases and pathological conditions is used throughout the planet. There are special lists of diseases in every country, but the one adopted in ours is similar to the international system. Indicated in the ICD and violation of the menstrual cycle. Since the term describes a wide variety of he alth problems, it is considered in detail in the classifier, and a division into subgroups is introduced. In particular, pointers N94.4 – N94.9 encode violations.
On average, according to experts, at least once in a lifetime, 9 out of ten women faced problems with cyclicity. This happens in different periods, due to various reasons and factors. Sometimes there is no cause for concern, but serious he alth problems are possible. As can be seen from the international codes, menstrual cycle disorders are divided into groups by doctors based on the nature of the failures. For example, if there are no allocations in principle, then the codes N91.0 - N91.5 are intended for such.
Menstrual disorders indicated in the ICD codescycle N92.0 - N92.6 encrypts abundant discharges, frequent, irregular. The coding of a specific case is carried out only after the analysis that provoked the failures. For example, if it is not possible to identify the cause, then the violation of the menstrual cycle according to ICD-10, which consists in the abundance of discharge, the absence of a clear cycle in the patient's chart, will be registered as N92.6.
Hormones and age
It is believed that most often faced with the causes of menstrual irregularities after 50 years. No wonder: the period of menopause comes, then menopause. This age is associated with restructuring, the organs begin to work differently than at a younger age. The gradual change is accompanied by various sudden symptoms concerning cyclic discharge. But young girls are not immune from such instability.
As doctors say, the absolute norm is the instability of the cycle within a year from the moment of the first menstrual bleeding. The hormonal background is usually formed at the age of 14-16 years, although some menarche occurs before the age of twelve. The first menstruation indicates the entry into the reproductive period. At this moment, organ restructuring occurs, which means that the girl experiences a somewhat similar condition, which provokes the causes of menstrual irregularities at the age of 45 and in women at an older age, namely, the adjustment of hormonal balance. For some, periods almost from the very beginning come on time, stably, andselections from time to time are approximately the same in volume and duration, but this is the exception rather than the rule. True, you need to consult a doctor if a young girl has monthly bleeding for more than 10 days. The second important reason to visit a doctor is the lack of stability by the beginning of the second year of menstruation.
Age and reproduction
Causes of irregular menstruation after 40-50 years - changes in the reproductive system. For some they start a little earlier, for others they come later. It is believed that the average age of a woman entering menopause is 45-50 years, although for some this begins after thirty. A feature of the cycle is the absence of ovulation, which makes a woman of mature age akin to a young girl. As studies show, with the fading of reproductive ability, the discharge usually becomes more abundant than before. Up to half of all women suffer from polymenorrhea, which is a reason to seek help from a doctor. It happens that cyclic allocations end just a few days before the start of new ones.
In this state, not every woman is ready to see a doctor to determine exactly what are the causes of menstrual irregularities after 40 in her case. Some are shy, others are convinced that this is an early menopause, everything is completely natural and cause for concern no. In many cases this is true, but there is a risk of pathologies. The abundance of secretions can be explained by fibroids, cysts, neoplasms or proliferation of the endometrium. To check the status,you should visit a doctor. The doctor will prescribe examinations, give recommendations on how to ensure the best possible well-being.
Age changes
If the cause of menstrual irregularities after 40 years is hormonal changes due to the transition to menopause, it is necessary to maintain the strength of the body. In many ways, he alth in old age depends on the proper maintenance of one's strength during this difficult period of body restructuring. The best way to explain the condition is the doctor, who first evaluates the features of the individual case. The doctor will advise you on how to adjust your diet, what regimen to prescribe for yourself, how often to exercise in order to keep yourself in good shape and experience minimal discomfort. According to experts, grapefruits and flaxseeds should be included in the diet. These foods provide plant-derived estrogens that help prevent disease. You'll have to track your calorie intake.
Often, the causes of menstrual irregularities after 40 years of age lead to additional troubles, most often to weight gain. Women note that they begin to eat more restrained than before, however, body weight is steadily increasing. This is explained by the peculiarities of the functioning of internal systems. Pregnancy, childbirth are not planned in the future, which means that relatively few nutrients are needed. All surpluses coming from food begin to be deposited. Rapid weight gain puts strain on the musculoskeletal system, leading to metabolic problems and high blood pressure. Already at the age of 40-50 years, you should notice suchchanges and take measures to prevent the worsening of the situation, otherwise, in the near future, the woman will face numerous he alth problems.
Away is good, but at home?
Since doctors have long known that one of the causes of menstrual irregularities at 40 years of age and older is the approach of menopause, a set of measures has been developed to prevent the negative impact of age factors on the female body. In our country, quite little attention has been paid to this so far, but in the developed powers of Europe, in America, preventive programs are actively practiced to prevent complications associated with menopause. It is thanks to this centralized approach that everyone understands what internal restructurings age is associated with, what dangers this brings, how to prevent deterioration. As a result, even in old age, many ladies are active, go in for sports, love to travel, in a word, they do not deny themselves anything.
However, one should not expect that the causes of menstrual irregularities at the age of 40, 50 can only be leveled with the help of government programs. The he alth of any person is in his own hands, which means that you need to try to keep yourself in shape. It's easy: you just need to do gymnastics regularly, walk on foot, eat right. The older the age, the more important it is to monitor your he alth, condition, diet and lifestyle. Every year you need to undergo preventive examinations to check the quality of blood, the functionality of internalorgans.
Aid measures
Treatment of the causes of menstrual irregularities is chosen by the doctor based on the results of the analysis. There is no single universal approach to improving a woman's well-being - the factors that provoke failures are too diverse. However, as a rule, the main emphasis in the therapeutic course is on hormonal drugs. It so happened that many women are afraid to take such drugs, so they do not go to the doctor even if they understand that treatment is necessary. The reasons for the violation of the menstrual cycle must be corrected, so you need to choose a doctor that the patient would trust, gather strength and come to the appointment. On the other hand, if the doctor did not refer you for tests, but immediately prescribed hormonal drugs, you should not believe such recommendations.
At the appointment, the doctor clarifies the features of the image, the rhythm of the patient's life, examines her externally, evaluates hirsutism, that is, the presence of vegetation on the body, its activity and saturation. An ultrasound is prescribed to study the reproductive organs, and a blood test is used to identify the hormonal background. Based on the results of such a survey, one can understand what the causes of the condition are and how they can be leveled.
In difficult cases, the patient is referred for additional research activities. Sometimes they resort to a hysteroscope - this device allows you to assess the condition of the uterus from the inside. The doctor may examine the internal surfaces of the organ and obtain small tissue samples for subsequent laboratory testing. With the help of a hysteroscope, endometrial pathologies, adhesions of the uterine walls,neoplasms. The operation can be performed under local or general anesthesia. It is currently the most effective replacement for uterine curettage.
Rules and deviations
In a he althy woman, regular monthly bleeding begins at the age of 13-15, sometimes a little earlier, sometimes a little later. The duration of the cycle varies between 21-35 days. The countdown starts from the first day of bleeding, all days until the beginning of the next are taken into account. Bloody discharge should last 3-7 days, the total volumes released in this case vary within 100 ml. Ideally, the period of bleeding is not accompanied by pain, discomfort, and is observed regularly.
If a woman's condition differs from the described standard, there is a reason to go to the doctor for a consultation.
The following forms of violations of cyclicity are distinguished:
- amenorrhea;
- hypermenorrhea;
- dysmenorrhea;
- oligomenorrhea;
- PMS.
Amenorrhoea is diagnosed if there is no discharge for 6 months or longer. With abundant discharge, they speak of menorrhagia. If cyclic discharge is accompanied by nausea, severe pain, if a woman vomits, algomenorrhea is diagnosed. At the same time, the condition is so severe that a woman cannot lead a normal life. Abnormalities include discharges containing blood between cyclic bleedings, as well as the absence of bleeding after the birth of a child or termination of pregnancy in normal terms. If athere is discharge, but are observed less often than the established norm, the condition is described as oligomenorrhea. There may be sudden bleeding in menopause, when a year or more has passed since it began. Finally, PMS is a term that refers to a change in behavioral reactions, mental and emotional status of a woman a few days before the start of monthly bleeding.
Reasons and occasions: many different
In some cases, the violation of the menstrual cycle is explained by unsuccessfully chosen contraceptives. To prevent such consequences, it is better to consult a doctor.
There is a risk that cyclic failures are a marker of inflammation of the organs of the reproductive system. For some, everything is explained by a hereditary factor. Trauma, mechanical damage to the tissues of the reproductive organs is possible. This is observed after surgery or termination of pregnancy.
A neoplasm, malfunction of the endocrine system and a violation of the diet can provoke a violation of the cycle of monthly discharge. There is a risk that the cause is pathologies that have engulfed the female organs. Perhaps the pathological condition leads to an incorrect connection between the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus, while the production of hormonal compounds is out of sync. Similarly, the synchronous interaction of the pituitary and ovaries can be disrupted.
Sometimes the consequences of breaking the cycle are quite serious and unpleasant. Against the background of failures, there is a risk of inability to become pregnant, endure, give birth to a he althy child. With too much discharge, anemia and chronic fatigue are possible. Woman badfeels for no apparent reason. Hormonal imbalance can cause acne, activation of vegetation, and hair growth occurs in the male pattern.
Pathologies and their features
Possible formation of polyps on the uterine endometrium. Polyps are called such benign formations that can provoke the release of blood between normal cyclic ones. As a rule, they are smearing in nature. With polyps, monthly bleeding is more abundant than normal.
Endometriosis can provoke disruptions in the menstrual cycle. The term refers to the pathological condition of the proliferation of cells of the endometrium (the lining of the uterus). Since there are more tissues, during menstruation, bleeding is more abundant than normal. As a rule, endometriosis is accompanied by severe pain. It is possible to spread to organs outside the uterus, both nearby and mucous membranes of the respiratory and visual systems.
If chronic inflammation is localized in the reproductive organs, the cycle of menstruation may be disturbed due to the impossibility of cell maturation. First of all, under the influence of pathological processes, the functional layer suffers. As a rule, inflammatory foci are not only the cause of failures of the monthly cycle, but also a factor preventing a successful pregnancy.
Another possible cause of menstrual irregularities is liver pathology. If the fabricit transforms into cirrhotic, the concentration of estrogens in the circulatory system increases, which means that bleeding becomes more frequent, more abundant.
