During the period when human immunity is weakened, various infections actively attack from all sides, from the ENT organs to the genitourinary system. In the fight against pathogenic microorganisms, the help of antimicrobial action is needed. Here, the combined antimicrobial drug "Biseptol" is an excellent assistant.
Details about the composition, release form
The active substances of the drug: sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. The main composition of "Biseptol" includes such excipients as potato starch, talc, propylene glycol, magnesium stearate, polyvinyl alcohol, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, propyl parahydroxybenzoate.
It is allowed to release the medicine both in tablet form and in the form of a suspension.
Tablets "Biseptol" round shape, flat, with a chamfer; have a white color (a slight yellow tint is allowed). One side is engraved with the Latin letters Bs. Produced in cardboard packaging, twenty pieces per blister. Depending on the amount of active substances, for 1 tablet "Biseptol"the dosage is 120 or 480 mg. The active ingredients are sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, used in proportions of 5:1, respectively.
Specially for oral use, there is a suspension "Biseptol". It has a liquid, slightly thick texture and is creamy or white in color, with a strawberry aroma and a sweet taste. The liquid is released in a dark glass bottle. The volume of the drug is 80 ml. The composition also includes active substances: trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. Auxiliary components include: water, hydrogen phosphate, propyl / methyl-parahydroxy benzoate, macrogol, carmellose, citric acid, propylene glycol and aluminosilicate. In order to achieve a sweet aroma and taste of the drug, strawberry flavor, m altitol and saccharinate are added to the composition.
One hundred milligrams of Biseptol in liquid form of release accounts for 4 g of sulfamethoxazole and 0.8 g of trimethoprim.
There is also a release of "Biseptol" in liquid form for parenteral administration. In a pack of ten ampoules (dark glass) of five milliliters of concentrate. One ampoule contains 480 mg of active substances: 80 mg - trimethoprim, 400 mg - sulfamethoxazole.
Additional components of the composition: sodium metabisulphite, ethanol, propylene glycol, benzyl alcohol, sodium hydroxide. An injection solution is also required.
The drug liquid is colorless and has a pronounced alcohol smell.
Pharmacological action
The drug is a combined antibacterialmedicine. The active substances that make up Biseptol allow you to destroy the synthesis of acid in infected cells, block the function of acid recovery, as well as the division of microbial cells. That is, due to the destructive effect on the protein of infected cells, their death occurs. This is how the bactericidal effect of the drug is achieved.
Broad spectrum bactericidal agent capable of suppressing gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic bacteria, chlamydia, gram-positive anaerobes, pathogenic fungi, E. coli and even protozoa.
Pharmacokinetic action
After you have taken Biseptol orally, the absorption of the active ingredients will begin to occur in the gastrointestinal tract. Its maximum concentration in the blood reaches 1-4 hours after ingestion.
The substances of the drug actively penetrate tissues and are evenly distributed in body media such as saliva, sputum, lungs, bile, kidneys, and even penetrate into the cerebrospinal fluid.
Active substances are excreted from the body through the kidneys and for different periods of time. For example, sulfamethoxazole will be released faster (about 9-11 hours), but the withdrawal of trimethoprim can take up to 17 hours.
Indications "Biseptol"
An antimicrobial drug is usually prescribed for infections that can affect the biological environment of the human body:
- otitis media, sinusitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis;
- bronchitis, pneumonia, lung abscesses, pleural empyema;
- urethritis, prostatitis, pyelonephritis, salpingitis, gonorrhea, etc;
- diarrhea, typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery, cholera, cholecystitis, etc;
- damage to the skin (furunculosis, pyoderma, acne, etc.);
- other infectious diseases - sepsis, whooping cough, malaria and others.
Also, Biseptol is prescribed to patients with HIV infection for the purpose of primary prevention of pneumocystosis (lung disease).
Despite the fact that the indications for "Biseptol" have a wide range, it is absolutely useless for angina, which is provoked by beta-hemolytic streptococcus, due to the fact that this bacterial type of infection is resistant to sulfanilamide.
Therefore, before taking Biseptol, be sure to consult your doctor. Only a specialist will be able to make a correct diagnosis and, accordingly, prescribe effective therapy.
Method of application and dosage
The treatment regimen is prescribed by the doctor in the same way as the dosage of "Biseptol", based on the patient's age, diagnosis of the disease and concomitant syndromes, as well as concurrent use of other drugs. Without fail, the remedy is drunk within 4-5 days. You can extend the course for another 2 days after the disappearance of the symptoms of the disease. Therapy can be a long course, up to three months. A single dose of admission can be increased by 50%, but this is allowed only in cases where a severe course of the disease or the chronic nature of the disease is diagnosed.
For the prevention of HIV-infected patients takingprescribed in the amount of two tablets per day. The course should not be interrupted even if side effects occur.
The standard scheme and dosage of "Biseptol" involves taking tablets strictly after meals, every 12 hours, two pieces (960 mg). If the patient's age is from 6 to 12 years, then it is recommended to take one tablet twice a day. Well, if the patient is less than 6 years old, then it is best to take tablets with a lower concentration of active substances - 120 mg.
Also, the drug can be administered as a solution for administration by drip, intravenously. Ampoules are mixed with a special solution (dextrose 5%, sodium chloride 9%). The mixture is prepared immediately before the procedure, which should take place within 6 hours. The very interval of administration of the drug solution should be equal to 1.5 hours (this will be enough to reach the maximum concentration of the drug in the patient's blood).
If the prepared solution turned out to be cloudy or has some sediment, then its introduction is prohibited.
Assign "Biseptol" for adults and children over 12 years old in the amount of 10 ml (2 ampoules) per dropper twice a day. If the patient is under 12 years old, then the dosage is prescribed based on weight. Sulfamethoxazal - 30 mg per day, trimethoprim - 6 mg per 1 kg of body weight.
In cases where a severe degree of the disease is diagnosed, daily droppers are prescribed 2-3 times a day, 15 ml each (3 ampoules).
The drug is prescribed very carefully to patients who havedysfunction of the kidneys. Here it is necessary to take into account the indicator characterizing the rate of blood circulation, its passage through the kidneys. If the rate is more than 30 ml per minute, then therapy is prescribed in the usual doses. If the indicator ranges from 15 to 30 ml, then the doses are reduced to half the norm. The drug is forbidden to use at a rate below 15 ml.
Suspension "Biseptol" is also drunk after meals, it should be washed down with water. Adults and children over 12 years of age, as well as tablets, need to take the medicine every 12 hours, 960-1440 mg of the active substance (depending on the degree of the disease).
For children, Biseptol syrup is prescribed at about 120-480 mg of the active substance per day, but the dose may be increased or decreased depending on the disease.
The average course of drug therapy is prescribed from 5 to 10 days. In acute and chronic diseases, the course is usually increased to 14 days. On average, 7 days of using the drug will be enough to see the effectiveness. If there is no improvement, then double the dose or change the drug.
Side effects
The reaction of the body is always unpredictable to any drug or product. And if it is also a drug, then you need to carefully listen to the state of your body during the period of therapy. With the upcoming treatment with Biseptol, you also need to be prepared for side effects. They may appear as:
- failure of the nervous system (depression, apathy, peripheral neuritis, headaches);
- respiratory system failure (bronchospasm);
- failure of the digestive system (nausea, vomiting, cholestasis, stomatitis, diarrhea, gastritis, loss of appetite, hepatitis, abdominal pain, etc.);
- blood dysregulation (leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, etc.);
- failure of the urinary system (nephritis, polyuria, crystalluria, etc.);
- disorders of the musculoskeletal system (pain in the joints and muscles);
- allergic reactions from the skin (fever, itching, rash, dermatitis, swelling, etc.).
General symptoms such as insomnia, fatigue, weakness and candidiasis have also been observed.
If you experience any side effects of Biseptol, you should immediately contact your doctor to adjust the dosage or regimen. In case of complete intolerance to the drug by the patient's body, it should be completely canceled.
Overdose
The active substances that make up "Biseptol", with a significant excess of the recommended daily allowance, can cause intoxication of the body. Each of the components has its own overdose symptoms. In the case when poisoning is provoked by trimethoprim, vomiting, nausea and headache, a depressive state, and a disorder of consciousness will occur. If the poisoning was due to sulfamethoxazole, then it is accompanied by symptoms such as vomiting and nausea, intestinal colic, loss of appetite, loss of consciousness and drowsiness. Jaundice may appeartalk about previous intoxication.
In case of poisoning with the drug, it is necessary to wash the stomach (up to inducing vomiting), drink plenty of water. It is necessary to introduce calcium folinate, which will help neutralize the active substance. An acidic urine will help eliminate trimethoprim more quickly, but this is acceptable if the kidneys are not impaired.
Contraindications
The drug should not be prescribed if it is not possible to control the composition of the blood of a patient with impaired kidney and liver functions. Also, the drug is not prescribed for a lack of folic acid, as this provokes megaloblastic anemia.
It is strictly forbidden to use the drug in any form, even in the form of Biseptol syrup, for children under three months old.
In case of individual intolerance to the components that make up the medication, it is also not used.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
The active substances of the drug are able to overcome the placental barrier, negatively affecting the development of the embryo, up to miscarriage. This is a scientifically proven fact. Therefore, during the period of gestation, treatment with Biseptol is prohibited. If the drug is prescribed at the time of lactation, then breastfeeding should be stopped.
It is better for women during pregnancy to replace Biseptol with similar, but safer drugs:
- "Azithromycin" (also slows down growth and blocks the reproduction of bacteria);
- "Ampicillin" (an antibacterial agent that inhibits the synthesis of bacterial cells);
- "Amoxicillin" (a semi-synthetic antibiotic with a bactericidal effect);
- "Erythromycin" (capable of destroying the formation of peptide bonds, also blocks the synthesis of bacterial proteins).
Only the attending physician has the right to prescribe drugs to a pregnant woman.
Analogues of "Biseptol"
Modern science does not stand still. Tools are constantly being released that are improved in some way. This is necessary when choosing a treatment. Here, anything can be a key criterion: price, dosage of active ingredients, replacement of the allergen component, and so on.
The main thing is that in our modern times analogues of "Biseptol" are not limited:
- "Co-trimoxazole". The name speaks for itself. It is completely identical with the original drug, both in composition and in prescriptions and dosages. The release of the drug is mainly in the same forms: in tablets and suspensions.
- "Bactrim forte". Produced in tablet form, with the exact composition of all the substances of the original. But the drug is prescribed strictly from the age of 12, since the dosage is high.
- "B-septin". Release in tablets. Allowed to use from 1 year.
- "Sulgin". Tablets can be prescribed from the age of three. The active substance is sulfaguanidine.
- "Sulfadimetoksin" - antimicrobial pills that can be prescribed from the age of two.
- "Sulfadimezin" - tablets for treatment,starting from three years.
Drug interaction
The compatibility of "Biseptol" and "Phenytoin" is indisputable - the effectiveness of the treatment of the first drug is increasing. Diuretics will help increase the number of platelets in the blood. Some antidepressants are less effective. It is worth refraining from the parallel use of Biseptol with drugs that depress blood regulation (including Naproxen, Aspirin). The effectiveness of contraception (oral) is reduced.
Also, when using Biseptol, it is worth considering that milk can neutralize the drug, so you can’t drink tablets with this drink. And before taking, you should not eat foods that are prone to rapid digestibility and excretion by the body.
There are foods that you should generally exclude from your diet for the period of therapy: tomatoes, carrots, beans, cabbage, peas and all fatty foods (especially of animal origin).
Is "Biseptol" an antibiotic or not? If you carefully study the composition and its components, then the question will disappear by itself, since the drug definitely belongs to the category of antibiotics. Therefore, alcohol should be forgotten for the period of treatment, since when used together, the load on the liver increases and dysbiosis occurs, in addition to the fact that the reaction of an antibiotic with alcohol is an unpredictable thing.
We answered the question, what is "Biseptol" -antibiotic or not?
Antibiotics are those medicines that are capable of destroying pathogenic microorganisms and their environmental conditions. Literally, in translation from Lat. the name of these medicines means "against life".
So, what does Biseptol help with? Based on the appointments, the drug is designed to suppress and block the growth of harmful bacteria. It has an antibacterial effect (there is a huge clue here that the drug is meaningless with ARVI). Like other antibiotics, Biseptol is passive in the fight against viruses.
Special Instructions
During the period of therapy with Biseptol, doctors strongly recommend to refrain from prolonged exposure to the sun, and it is also important to completely exclude exposure to UV rays.
The amount of urine output should be controlled. If the ability of the kidneys to filter decreases, then this signals the occurrence of crystalluria (deposition of s alt crystals in the urine).
If diagnosed with tonsillitis/pharyngitis, obtained during infection with category A streptococcus, then the drug cannot be prescribed for treatment.
Patients infected with HIV will constantly experience side effects during therapy. Therefore, before taking Biseptol, you should be prepared for such a turn of events.
Expiration date and storage conditions
Shelf life - three years from the date of production, which is indicated on the package.
The drug should be out of the reach of children, and also stored in a dry place, away fromexposure to light, at a temperature not exceeding 25 degrees.
If the drug is in the form of a solution, then in no case should it be supercooled / frozen.
Reviews
What helps "Biseptol", like everyone knows. But it must be borne in mind that in some ways the drug will be useless or even dangerous. For example, SARS, tonsillitis and other viruses cannot be defeated by this medicine. There have been cases of suffocation and even clinical death due to the use of the drug. Based on the reviews of "Biseptol", we can conclude that it does not help at all with the first manifestations of cold symptoms. Basically, like any other antibiotic. But if you think about it, it makes sense! After all, the remedy is intended to treat completely different conditions, as it has an antibacterial effect.
Negative reviews about Biseptol are most likely expressed by those people who like to self-medicate. At the same time, they make a terrible mistake, thinking that the drug does not belong to the group of antibiotics. And instead of high-quality and effective treatment of a cold, such patients earn intestinal dysbacteriosis (at best). No one knows what reaction the human body will give to such "self-therapy".
Positive feedback about "Biseptol" can be heard from people who seek treatment from specialists. Only experienced doctors can comprehensively see the whole picture: diagnose the disease, its degree of course, recognize concomitant symptoms, take into accountage and physique of the patient, predisposition to allergic reactions and other disorders in the body. Only a specialist after all these manipulations will be able to draw up an individual therapy regimen or, if necessary, replace the drug with a more modern analogue, of which there are plenty in our time.
Reviews of "Biseptol" are often positive. Firstly, many confirm the effectiveness of the drug for coughing, which was provoked by bacteria. Improvement is noted already on the second or third day, a more stable result is felt after a 5-7-day course.
Many women have been able to get rid of cystitis after suffering for several years with unsuccessful courses of treatment with various drugs.
There are cases when patients are treated for angina and to no avail. Arriving for a consultation with a doctor, it turns out that this is a respiratory infection that proceeds according to similar symptoms with a sore throat. In this case, the Biseptol course will cure the disease in just 3 days.
Conclusion: the drug is very effective, but under the supervision of a specialist. If "Biseptol" has already been prescribed before, then you should not take the drug on your own again without a repeated recommendation of the doctor, even with similar symptoms. Only a qualified specialist will be able to determine whether the disease is caused by viruses or bacteria. And of course, given the effect of the antibiotic, they will prescribe the necessary prebiotics to preserve the intestinal microflora.
