Lacunar tonsillitis or tonsillitis is an infectious disease characterized by damage to the lymphadenoid ring of the pharynx. It is a purulent inflammatory process, localized in the thickness of the tonsils, or rather, lacunae. In addition, the contents of the tonsils can be carried over the entire surface of the soft palate.
With proper treatment, you can get rid of the disease 10 days after its onset.
Features of the disease
Lacunar tonsillitis (photos of people who have experienced this disease are presented in the article) is an acute infectious process that affects the tonsils. This form of tonsillitis affects the palatine tonsils, namely the lacunae. The lesions completely penetrate the entire tissue of the tonsils, and also have many branches where a lot of pus accumulates.
Often, lacunar tonsillitis is provoked by pathogens. Basically, the peak of the incidence occurs in the cold season. Together with a decrease in air temperature, immunity is significantly weakened. As a result of a purulent bacterial lesion, the patient's state of he alth deteriorates sharply, anddangerous complications.
In children, the disease is much more difficult than in adults, so home treatment is not recommended. If the first signs of purulent tonsillitis appear, you should immediately consult a doctor, where they will diagnose and prescribe appropriate treatment.
Causes of occurrence
Among the main causes of lacunar angina, one can single out an increase in the pathogenicity of pathogens, in particular such as:
- streptococci;
- staphylococci;
- pneumococci.
In addition, other microorganisms can provoke inflammation. You also need to highlight certain provoking factors, such as:
- viral diseases;
- hypothermia;
- anomalies in the development of the tonsils;
- lack of vitamins;
- malnutrition;
- tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption.
People who are used to breathing through their mouths are more susceptible to infection by pathogenic microflora. The transmission of the virus occurs through contact with a sick person by airborne droplets.
Main symptoms
The duration of the incubation period is approximately 1-2 days, it all depends on the pathogen and the state of immunity. The dynamics of tonsillitis is very rapid. Among the main symptoms of lacunar angina, it is necessary to highlight:
- a sharp rise in temperature;
- sleep disorder;
- weakness and general malaise;
- loss of appetite;
- decreasehe alth;
- headache;
- sluggishness;
- pain in the joints and heart.
Characteristic signs of tonsillitis are sore throat, pain when swallowing, and a sensation of a lump. The lymph nodes become inflamed and very well palpable. They are soft to the touch, painful. In some cases, swelling of the upper part of the neck is noted.
When examining the larynx, swelling is noted, the tonsils are enlarged, and purulent formations are noted on the surface. When plaque is removed, there are absolutely no signs of tissue damage and hemorrhage.
Lacunar tonsillitis, the photo of which can be frightening, can be unilateral and bilateral. The disease continues for 6-9 days. The acute form in a child is quite difficult and is often accompanied by:
- choking;
- nausea and vomiting;
- convulsions;
- pain in the abdomen;
- loose stools.
The chronic form occurs only if the treatment of acute tonsillitis was incorrectly carried out, as well as with a strong decrease in immunity. It has less pronounced symptoms, and exacerbation occurs only in the presence of provoking factors.
Diagnostics
If the development of lacunar angina is suspected, the patient is hospitalized in the infectious diseases department for a comprehensive diagnosis, and subsequent treatment is prescribed. The doctor initially conducts a survey to clarify the existing symptoms, the duration of their course. In addition, you must notify your doctor.regarding previous illnesses.
If a course of antibiotic therapy has recently been carried out, it is advisable to remember which drugs were prescribed. Repeated treatment with drugs of this group may not be very effective. After conducting an initial visual examination of the oral cavity, the doctor probes the lungs, heart and assesses the condition of the submandibular lymph nodes. Then such procedures for diagnosing lacunar angina are carried out, such as:
- complete blood count;
- throat swab;
- pharyngoscopy.
If there are complications, it is imperative to conduct studies such as ECG, X-ray of the joints, ultrasound of the kidneys.
Features of treatment
Treatment of lacunar angina must necessarily include strict adherence to the daily routine, where bed rest plays an important role. An important role is played by the isolation of the patient, which will avoid infection of the household. Therapy involves the use of several types of drugs. Initially, the doctor prescribes antibiotics for lacunar angina, without which no treatment can do. To eliminate pathogens, agents with a wide spectrum of action are most suitable. Only the attending doctor should prescribe them.
When tonsillitis occurs, a high temperature persists for several days. That is why it is necessary to take antipyretics. You can take them in tablet form, in the form of a suspension or suppositories. The duration of the course of therapy is no more than three days. To reduce swelling of the larynx, it is imperative to take antihistamine medications. They help eliminate swelling and normalize the patient's breathing. In addition, they help to relieve some of the pain that occurs when swallowing, which allows you to consume food.
An important part of the therapy is the use of sprays and gargling. Rinses should be carried out as often as possible, since this is the only means by which pus can be eliminated. In addition, a very good result in the treatment of lacunar angina is given by traditional medicine.
An important component of therapy is nutrition. Intoxication of the body and sore throat greatly complicate the process of eating food. Do not force the patient to eat. Refusal of food is associated with the requirements of the body, since during the course of the disease there is a significant burden on the digestive system, liver and kidneys.
It is necessary to exclude solid foods from the usual diet, and instead eat mashed potatoes, broths, cereals and other dishes that have a liquid consistency. For a better and faster recovery, it is important to ensure sufficient drinking regimen. You can drink not too strong tea, which is good to add honey, raspberries or lemon.
After the acute stage of tonsillitis has passed, the patient needs to take vitamin complexes, as well as probiotics. This is due to the fact that such a disease leads to a weakening of the body, so you need to turn todoctor for qualified assistance.
In the apartment you need to do wet cleaning often to humidify the air and make it cleaner. This is especially important after the end of the disease. In addition, you need to ventilate the room.
Drug therapy
How to treat lacunar angina with drugs, only the attending doctor can determine. Regardless of how severe the symptoms are, hospitalization is indicated. Initially, antibacterial drugs are prescribed, but they help only in case of a bacterial cause of sore throat. First of all, the doctor prescribes broad-spectrum drugs. Antibiotics can destroy pathogens. If the drugs were chosen correctly, complete destruction of the pathogen is achieved. Often used drugs such as:
- cephalosporins;
- fluoroquinolones;
- macrolides.
Preparations such as Cefalexin, Sumamed, Azithromycin, Suprax are used. In a hospital, they are administered intramuscularly or intravenously. Antibacterial agents can be taken at home, but only as directed by a doctor. The course of therapy is approximately 5-10 days, you must definitely go through it to the end. If the antibiotic does not bring the desired result, then you need to change it to another. To reduce the temperature, the use of antipyretics is indicated, for example, such as Panadol, Nurofen, Rapidol.
In addition, may be assignedantihistamines to reduce swelling of the tonsils, such as Dexamethasone, Suprastin, Diazolin. Anti-inflammatory drugs are shown to eliminate inflammation and alleviate existing symptoms. They may be prescribed in the form of tablets or throat sprays. Sprays such as Kameton, Geksoral, Anginal are very well suited.
Throat antiseptics help destroy pathogens at the local level and cleanse the oral cavity of accumulated pus. Solutions are well suited for rinsing: "Orasept", "Miramistin", "Furacilin", "Chlorophyllipt". You can also lubricate the tonsils with Lugol.
As an addition to all these drugs, you can use lollipops with antimicrobial and analgesic effects, for example, Strepsils, Neo-Angin, Trachisan, Faringosept, Decatilen. Since follicular and lacunar tonsillitis has a bad effect on immunity, immunomodulating agents can be prescribed to increase it: Interferon, Arbidol, Imudon, Immunal.
Folk remedies
Treatment of lacunar tonsillitis at home can be done using folk remedies and techniques. They have proven themselves from the best side, but they can only be used after consulting with your doctor.
Need to melt 1 tbsp. l. butter and add the same amount of honey, a pinch of soda and mix everything thoroughly until a homogeneous mixture is obtained. You need to take the product in a warm form, carefully dissolving in the oral cavity.
Heat 1 tbsp. water,dissolve honey and 1 tsp in it. apple cider vinegar. Gargle with the resulting solution throughout the day. You can also use beetroot juice to rinse with apple cider vinegar. First you need to mix the prepared mixture a little.
Propolis has proven itself quite well. With tonsillitis, you need to chew a small piece of propolis for 5 minutes several times a day. It is also useful to rinse with propolis tincture, after dissolving it in water.
Alkaline inhalations, which are carried out using a nebulizer, are considered a good remedy. The whole procedure is carried out 3 times a day. It helps soften the mucous membranes of the pharynx and tonsils, as well as gradually eliminate pain.
Surgery
With exacerbation of lacunar tonsillitis in adults, surgical intervention may be indicated. The operation can be performed in several ways, the simplest of which is the cleansing of lacunae from purulent contents. For this purpose, galvanocaustics and diathermocoagulation of lacunae are carried out.
Recently, laser treatment of lacunar tonsillitis in adults and their treatment with cold has become very popular. After the procedure, the changed areas are frozen, which allows you to achieve a good result. If all these methods have not brought any result, then the modified tonsils are removed.
Possible Complications
One of the most dangerous complications of angina is pneumonia. This occurs when the infection penetrates deep intoorganism. A similar condition can also occur with a decrease in immunity.
Depending on the individual characteristics of the patient, the lacunar form of angina can turn into fibrous, which is characterized by more complex and dangerous complications, up to involvement in the pathological processes of the brain. If the causative agent of the disease is streptococcus, it can lead to rheumatism, nephritis and myocarditis.
Prophylaxis
Prevention is to strengthen the immune system, exercise, proper nutrition, hardening procedures, sleep and rest. In the cold season, it is important to avoid hypothermia.
An important place in prevention is maintaining a he althy lifestyle without bad habits, which is why you need to stop smoking and drinking alcohol. Hardening and sports will help strengthen the body and improve the immune system.
To increase the body's resistance, you need to take immunostimulating drugs. In autumn and spring, when vitamin deficiency manifests itself, it is necessary to consume a sufficient amount of fresh vegetables and fruits in food. If you experience soreness and soreness in the throat, you need to rinse it with furatsilin.
Angina in a child
The child's body is most vulnerable to various diseases, which is why lacunar tonsillitis is very common in children. In young patients, tonsillitis is characterized by more acute symptoms. The disease is characterized by such signs as:
- pain inthroat;
- sudden temperature changes;
- headache;
- disruption of digestive processes;
- insomnia;
- muscle weakness;
- loss of appetite;
- increased heart rate.
Treatment of lacunar tonsillitis in children involves the use of antibacterial drugs. They must be prescribed only by a qualified doctor, taking into account the weight, height and age of the child. Treatment should be started only when the pathogen is definitely detected, since an extra burden on the child's body is highly undesirable.
Before carrying out therapy, it is necessary to determine the presence of an allergic reaction to a certain type of pathogen, which is carried out in the laboratory. This will save time and not harm the he alth of the child. Angina is also treated with local remedies, as well as drugs that strengthen the immune system.
Feature of treatment during pregnancy
When you get a sore throat during pregnancy, you should not be afraid that the doctor will prescribe antibiotics. Preference is given to aerosol preparations that act locally and do not penetrate into the systemic circulation.
It is strictly forbidden to take "Aspirin", as it can cause bleeding. You can reduce the temperature by rubbing your feet with alcohol or vinegar. Do not inhale or use hot foot baths, as they can increase the tone of the uterus and provoke a miscarriage.
While rinsing should be avoidedmulti-component herbal infusions, as this will help reduce the risk of allergies. Despite the lack of appetite, it is still necessary to consume food even in small quantities. All foods should be thoroughly chopped to facilitate swallowing.
Lacunar tonsillitis is a fairly serious disease, which is why it is necessary to carry out diagnostics and treatment in a timely manner.
