There are many situations dangerous to he alth and life, with which a person simply must be familiarized. One of them is blood from the mouth. Why this problem can occur and how to deal with it - this will be discussed further.
What is this?
Initially, you need to understand what bleeding is. So, this is the exit of blood from the blood vessels as a result of a violation of their integrity. Bleeding can be of two main types:
- Traumatic, that is, those that occur as a result of mechanical damage to body tissues due to external factors (blow, cut).
- Nontraumatic. Occur as a result of various diseases or pathological conditions (for example, bleeding can cause tumors or chronic diseases).
It should also be noted that the body of an adult contains about 5 liters of blood. At the same time, the loss of already two liters is considered deadly.
Bleeding from the mouth: types
If a person bleeds from his mouth, there may be several reasons for this. And they can be divided into three large groups:
- Blood from the mouth.
- Blood from the respiratory tract.
- Blood from internal organs.
In all these cases, blood can come out through the oral cavity either in its pure form, or together with vomit or cough masses.
Blood in the mouth
If blood comes out of the mouth, the causes may lie in damage to the blood vessels. The intensity at the same time depends on what exactly is injured: a vein, a capillary or an artery. If the bleeding is very massive, fluid may enter the respiratory tract. And this, in turn, often leads to respiratory arrest or the occurrence of a state of shock. In this case, the tongue, palate, cheeks, and gums can be injured. Blood from the mouth can come after the removal of a tooth, tissue cut, the presence of malignant or benign tumors. But with all this, the biggest problem is caused by problems with blood clotting. In this case, there is a risk of massive blood loss, which is fraught with serious problems.
How to help with such bleeding
Initially, it should be noted that in such cases it is best to immediately seek medical help. After all, even if the problem seems simple on the outside, it can turn out to be very serious as a result. Especially if there are the above problems with blood clotting. It is also important to provide timely assistance to a person with bleeding.
- The patient must be seated or put on his side, after having cleared the oral cavity from anyfluids, as well as removing blood clots.
- Next, a cotton swab should be applied to the affected area in the mouth. You can soak it in hydrogen peroxide 3%.
- If the blood does not stop for 30-40 minutes or more, the patient must be taken to a hospital for observation.
If there are tumors in the mouth or the patient's blood clotting processes are disturbed, the person should be taken to the clinic immediately.
Hemoptysis
Due to what other reasons can there be blood from the mouth? Sometimes this occurs as a result of pulmonary bleeding. In this case, the blood comes out along with the cough masses. It can both completely stain the sputum, and stand out in the form of scarlet streaks. Why is blood coming out of the mouth when coughing? The causes may lie in diseases such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, cysts, connective tissue problems, various infectious diseases, as well as injuries to the lungs and chest in general.
Help with pulmonary bleeding
In this case, you need to immediately go to the doctor. Previously, the patient must be seated and given cold water. It must be drunk in small sips. It is also good to swallow small pieces of ice. If the patient has a strong cough, you should also give an antitussive drug. It's good if it contains codeine.
Hematemesis
And the last group of cases when blood can be released from the mouth is vomiting with an admixture of blood. This fluid can enter the vomit and exit asway out. Most often this occurs due to problems with the gastrointestinal tract. The cause may be an ulcer, colitis, gastritis, dysentery, cancer and other problems. It is worth remembering: if the vomit has a bright red or scarlet hue, then the disease began acutely and develops rapidly. If the vomit has a dark brown color, then the bleeding is not strong, and the liquid has been in the stomach for some time and succumbed to the action of gastric juice.
First aid for hematemesis
Did the patient bleed out of his mouth along with the vomit? Why this happens is understandable. But how can you help a person? Yes, he needs to be taken to the hospital immediately. Definitely on a stretcher. The patient should lie on his back, his head should be below the level of the body, and a cold heating pad or pieces of ice wrapped in a towel will have to be placed on the stomach. Cold water should also be drunk in small sips, or you can swallow small pieces of ice. It is important to ensure that the patient's vomit does not get into his respiratory tract. Therefore, the patient's head should be turned to the side.
