Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, according to experts, is a disease in which there are serious hormonal changes in the body, due to which glucose is not used as an energy source. This kind of situation occurs because the hormone called insulin is not produced in the required amount, therefore, the body loses its usual sensitivity to its action.
Reasons
According to experts, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus occurs as a result of the sequential destruction of the cells of the pancreas itself, which are directly responsible for the production of insulin. As a rule, this disease is diagnosed before the age of 40 years. In plasma, the level of the hormone gradually decreases, while the amount of glucagon, on the contrary, increases. It is possible to reduce this indicator only through insulin.
Symptoms
With such a diagnosis as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, patients complain of constant thirst, dry mouth,increased appetite and at the same time serious weight loss. In addition, increased irritability, insomnia, decreased ability to work, pain in the calf muscles, and also in the heart are often noted.
The main stages of the development of the disease
At the moment, experts distinguish the following stages of the onset and development of a disease such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus:
- Genetic predisposition.
- The impact of negative environmental factors (very often they are the cause of the development of the disease).
- Inflammatory processes in the pancreas itself.
- β-cells begin to be perceived by the immune system itself as foreign objects, that is, they are gradually destroyed.
- β-cells are completely destroyed. Diagnosed with insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes.
Treatment
First of all, doctors prescribe a special diet for all patients without exception. Its main principles are daily calorie counting and compliance with the required proportion of fats, carbohydrates and proteins. In addition, absolutely all patients almost constantly need insulin itself. As a rule, patients "with experience" quite independently cope with its introduction into the body. The operation is quite simple. Initially, it is necessary to constantly monitor the level of sugar in the blood. For these purposes, in almost every pharmacy you canpurchase a special device. Then, patients, based on the concentration of glucose in the blood, select the required dosage of insulin. In this rather simple way, they manage to maintain normal (recommended) sugar levels.
Conclusion
In our article, we looked at what insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is. Disability in this case, of course, is provided to all patients without exception. However, psychologists still recommend not to lose heart and, despite such an unpleasant illness, fight for your he alth.
