The drug "Buscopan" by pharmacological effect belongs to the group of M-anticholinergics, and their use is associated with an antispasmodic effect. The list of indications for this drug is quite extensive, due to its versatility and relative safety. What is Buscopan used for and what is its effect? What can replace this drug?
Issue form
The medicine can be purchased in the form of two variations: tablets and suppositories. The first form is used for oral administration, after which the active substance is absorbed into the blood in the gastrointestinal tract and then exerts its effect on the receptors. Suppositories (or suppositories) are administered rectally. This ensures rapid absorption into the extensive network of blood vessels located in the rectum - the effect occurs faster than when taking tablets. Price - 320-340 rubles.
How to explain the effect?
The active substance is hyoscine butyl bromide, it belongs to anticholinergic blockers, that is, it suppresses the function of M-cholinergic receptors, which are located on the postsynaptic membrane. As a result of association with themthe ability of smooth muscle cells to contract decreases, due to which an antispasmodic effect is observed. This allows the use of the drug in a number of pathologies. An additional action is a decrease in the secretion of the glands, which occurs due to the effect of the drug on the smooth muscle cells of their ducts. There is no anticholinergic effect on the central nervous system, since the drug is a quaternary ammonium product that is not able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. This is different "Buscopan" - analogues have a different mechanism of action.
Indications
The drug is recommended to be taken in pathological conditions accompanied by smooth muscle spasm. Among these diseases and syndromes:
- colic (intestinal, renal, biliary);
- cholicystitis;
- dyskinesia of the biliary tract, as well as the gallbladder itself;
- pylorospasm;
- exacerbation of peptic ulcer (as a component of complex treatment).
Often, doctors prescribe Buscopan tablets (analogues will help replace the medicine).
Side effects
Additional effect of the drug is associated with the effect on the receptors of other anatomical formations. On the part of the sense organs, there is paralysis of accommodation, dilated pupils (this is manifested by photophobia), as well as an increase in intraocular pressure. The tone of not only target organs decreases, but also others, including the expansion of the bronchi. Unusual effect oncardiomyocytes - taking drugs of this group provokes tachycardia. In connection with a decrease in the activity of the glands, dryness of the skin and mucous membranes, including xerostomia, is observed. Frequent constipation and urinary retention.
Contraindications
Additional effects cause a number of contraindications. These include:
- component intolerance;
- angle-closure glaucoma;
- tachycardia;
- prostatic hyperplasia;
- pronounced xerostomia;
- pulmonary edema;
- myasthenia gravis;
- under 6 years old.
Buscopan: instructions for use
Analogues have their own characteristics and can be used in a different way. Buscopan tablets are taken orally 3 times a day with plenty of water. Candles are injected with a pointed end into the rectum. A single dose is determined by the attending physician and depends on the individual characteristics of the patient. As a rule, 1 or 2 tablets / suppositories are prescribed.
"Buscopan": analogues
At the moment there are a large number of drugs with antispasmodic action. Each of them has its own characteristics, which should be familiarized with before admission. Often there is no way to use Buscopan tablets and suppositories. Analogues can only be used after consulting a doctor.
Spazmolitin
The drug is actively used in gastroenterology, providing an antispasmodic effect. It is mainly used for colic. Also amongadditional indications: angina pectoris, sciatica, migraine and neuritis. The active substance of the drug is adifenine. It is able to block not only muscarinic (M), but also nicotinic receptors, that is, it is a non-selective anticholinergic. This property expands the list of side effects. In addition, "Spazmolitin" has a pronounced effect on the central nervous system, which makes it absolutely contraindicated in glaucoma. The dosage should be adjusted by the attending physician. As a rule, appoint 0.05-0.1 g 3-4 times a day. Cases of overdose were recorded quite rarely and were noted by symptoms such as nausea, dizziness and headache. Due to the pronounced effect on the central nervous system, one should refrain from driving and engaging in any work that requires concentration of attention during the period of taking the drug. An alternative is drugs that do not act on the central nervous system. For example, the well-known analogue described above is Buscopan. Currently, the drug is rarely used, preference is given to selective blockers.
Galidor
The basis of the antispasmodic is benziklan fumarate. The drug is available in the form of tablets and solution for injection. The advantage of the second form is the highest possible bioavailability. The drug penetrates immediately into the blood, due to which the antispasmodic effect occurs as soon as possible. In addition to reducing the tone of smooth muscle organs, there is an expansion of blood vessels. This is associated with the ability to block calcium channels, as well as with antiserotonin action. The range of application of "Galidor" is higher than it differs from itanalogue of "Buscopan". This drug as an antispasmodic is used for gastrointestinal and urological diseases, accompanied by spasm of smooth muscles. Vasodilating effect allows its use in diseases of peripheral vessels - spasm, obliteration. Also, "Galidor" is often used for cerebral ischemia. The medicine has the following contraindications:
- hypersensitivity to ingredients;
- severe renal, respiratory or hepatic failure;
- epilepsy;
- recent hemorrhagic stroke;
- pregnancy and breastfeeding;
- under 18;
- severe cardiac pathologies (acute heart attack, insufficiency in the stage of decompensation, AV block).
Due to the large list of contraindications, taking the drug is allowed only with the permission of the doctor. It should not be used during pregnancy and lactation due to the lack of clinical data, despite the fact that no direct pathological effect on the fetus has been identified. Price - 300-400 rubles for 50 tablets.
Papaverine
This is another analogue of Buskopan. The antispasmodic and hypotensive effect of the drug is associated with the features of pharmacodynamics. The drug has an inhibitory effect on phosphodiesterase, due to which cAMP accumulates in the cells, and the level of calcium ions decreases. In this regard, the tone of the smooth muscles of organs and blood vessels decreases. The reduction in blood pressure is due to the vasodilatoreffect. The drug should not be used for glaucoma, atrioventricular blockade, severe liver failure. It is also contraindicated for children under 6 months. In old age, taking "Papaverine" can cause hyperthermia. No safety data for pregnant women.
Often, patients cannot purchase Buscopan. Analogues are cheaper to solve this problem. The price of "Papaverine" is 50 rubles for 20 tablets.
Anspasmodics are actively used to treat diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary system and other pathologies. Which analogue to choose? "Buscopan" has a number of substitutes with similar properties, but they differ in instructions for use, pharmacodynamics and a list of side effects and contraindications. Before choosing any drug in this group, you should consult a specialist.
