Antiviral drugs in Belarus: list, names, reviews

2024 Author: Curtis Blomfield | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 20:44

Antiviral drugs are used quite often in Belarus, which is associated with a high incidence of infectious pathologies, a wide range of similar drugs, good efficacy and tolerability of drugs.

Definition of the concept and types of viral infections

Viral infection is a disease caused by the smallest microorganisms (viruses) and leading to a whole cascade of pathological processes in the body.

Viral infections can be divided into many classifications, but it will be clearer to group them according to organ systems:

• Acute respiratory viral infections are caused by influenza, parainfluenza, rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, reoviruses and others.
• Intestinal infections caused by rotaviruses.
• Hepatitis viruses (A, B, C, D, E) affecting the liver.
• Herpesviruses that cause damage to the skin, mucous membranes and internal organs.
• Viral infections of the central nervous system,caused by encephalitis viruses.
• Hemorrhagic fever viruses causing vascular and heart pathology.
• Viruses that affect the body's immune link (human immunodeficiency virus).

Since there are thousands of viruses that have a detrimental effect on the body, and many of the pathological agents have yet to be discovered and studied, this classification is approximate to make it easier to deal with antiviral drugs in Belarus.

Symptoms of viral infections in children and adults

Clinical manifestations depend on the type of viral infection. Symptoms can be classified according to the systems affected.

• Respiratory manifestations - runny nose, sneezing, cough, sore throat.
• General malaise - fever, sweating, weakness.
• Vascular symptoms - headache, dizziness, cold extremities, bruising and bleeding on the skin and mucous membranes.
• Signs of the heart - palpitations, chest pain.
• Symptoms of kidney damage - frequent urination, cramps and pain.
• Intestinal manifestations - vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite.
• Liver symptoms - yellowness of the skin and mucous membranes, abdominal pain on the right, bitterness in the mouth.
• On the part of the lymphatic system - an increase in the size of the lymph nodes, pain when palpated.

Diagnosis of diseases caused by viruses

How to identify the problem:

• Viruscopic diagnosis is the detection of a virus in biological material (saliva, urine, feces, blood, cerebrospinal fluid) under an electron microscope.
• Virological diagnostics is based on growing colonies of viruses on nutrient media, their display by pathogenic effect on the biological environment, recognition of viruses by suppressing their action with appropriate antibodies.
• Serological diagnostics determines antiviral antibodies in the patient's blood (more often - IgM). These methods include: polymerase chain reaction, enzyme immunoassay, radioisotope immunoassay, immunofluorescence reaction and other modern types of tests.

Classification of antivirals

How exactly these drugs are classified:

• Interferons.
• Interferon synthesis stimulators ("Cycloferon", "Groprinosin", "Kagocel", "Anaferon").
• Educated from amantadine ("Remantadine", "Arpetol", "Oxolin").
• Nucleosides ("Acyclovir", "Ganciclovir", "Lamivudine").
• Neuraminidase inhibitors ("Oseltamivir").
• Herbal preparations ("Echinacea", "Insty").
• Homeopathic remedies ("Influcid", "Ergoferon").

In the presented list are farnot all antiviral drugs are available in Belarus, as their number is large and constantly changing. Packaging and production of domestic medicines are being established in the country to reduce the cost of finished products.

List of antiviral drugs in Belarus

Here is what will be useful for you:

1. "Human leukocyte interferon" is a drug produced by "Microgen" (Russia).
2. "Groprinosin" - a drug of the company "Gedeon Richter" (Hungary).
3. "Amiksin" is a medicine from the company "OTCPharm" (Russia).
4. "Kagocel" is a drug produced by "Nearmedic Plus" (Russia).
5. "Cycloferon" is a drug produced by "Polysan" (Russia).
6. "Remantadin-Belmed" is a medicine of the company "Belmedpreparaty" (Belarus).
7. "Aciclovir" is a drug produced by Belmedpreparaty (Belarus).
8. "Geptavir" is a drug produced by "Pharmatech" (Belarus).
9. "Flustop" is a drug produced by "Akademfarm" (Belarus).
10. Echinacea tincture and herbal raw materials - manufacturer "Belaseptika" (Belarus).
11. "Influcid" is a homeopathic remedy from the German Homeopathic Union (Germany).
12. "Ergoferon" - a drug of the company "Materia Medica" (Russia).

These are not all the names of antiviral drugs in Belarus, as the list of new drugsreplenished. When searching through pharmacies, pharmacists may offer alternatives to the medicines listed above.

List of antiviral drugs for children in Belarus

1. "Human leukocyte interferon" can be used from birth for influenza and other respiratory infections, has virtually no contraindications (except for individual sensitivity) and is well tolerated.
2. "Amixin" can be used from 7 years. It is indicated for acute respiratory viral infections, including influenza, viral hepatitis, herpes infections, viral encephalitis. Contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to the active substance.
3. "Anaferon" for children from one month in the form of drops is used to treat acute respiratory viral infections. Well tolerated, should not be given if the drug is intolerant.
4. "Cycloferon" is prescribed from the age of 4 for viral respiratory infections, influenza and herpes. Caution should be taken by allergy sufferers and children with liver damage.
5. "Groprinosin" is used to treat herpes infections, SARS, reduced immunity, viral hepatitis, human papillomavirus over the age of three years. Do not use in renal failure.
6. "Kagocel" is used for ARVI from the age of three. Do not use it if you are lactose intolerant.
7. "Influcid" strengthens the immune system and helps to cure influenza and other respiratory infections in children from 3 years. Contraindicated in individualintolerance.
8. "Ergoferon" can be used for the treatment and prevention of influenza A and B, SARS, herpetic lesions and intestinal viral infections from six months of age. The drug is well tolerated, only individual intolerance should be feared.
9. "Acyclovir" is prescribed for the treatment and prevention of herpetic lesions caused by herpes viruses type 1 and 2, as well as chicken pox in children from 2 years of age. Do not use if you are allergic to the active ingredient.
10. "Remantadine-Belmed" is used to treat influenza no later than the first two days from the onset of the disease from the age of 7. Use with caution in epileptics and children with chronic renal and hepatic insufficiency.
11. "Arpetol" can be drunk to children from the age of three for the treatment of herpes and SARS, including influenza. Individual intolerance should be feared.
12. "Insty" for children is a herbal combination preparation in the form of a sachet, which is used from the age of 5 and is prescribed with caution to children with increased blood clotting ability.

In Belarus, antiviral drugs for children are represented by a wide range of domestic and foreign products with a minimum of contraindications and side effects.

Drugs for SARS

Antiviral drugs used in Belarus for ARVI:

1. "Amiksin" ("OTCPharm", Russia).
2. "Angrimaks" ("Minskinterkaps", Belarus).
3. "Anaferon" ("Materia Medica" Russia).
4. "Antigrippin" ("Natur Product", Netherlands).
5. "Arpetol" ("Lekpharm", Belarus).
6. "Human leukocyte interferon" ("Microgen", Russia).
7. "Influcid" ("German Homeopathic Union", Germany).
8. "Kagocel" ("Nearmedic Plus", Russia).
9. "Remantadin-Belmed" ("Belmedpreparaty", Belarus).
10. "Flustop" ("Akademfarm", Belarus).
11. "Ergoferon" ("Materia Medica", Russia).
12. Echinacea tincture ("Belaseptika", Belarus).

Drug side effects

Medications in Belarus that are used to treat viral infections are mostly well tolerated, but some of them can provoke the following adverse reactions of the body:

• All of the above medications can cause allergic reactions ranging from skin rashes to anaphylaxis.
• "Amixin" can provoke dyspepsia.
• "Acyclovir" can affect the cellular composition of the blood, causing anemia, leukocytopenia. The effect on the nervous system is manifested in rare cases by headache, tremor of the limbs, drowsiness, very rarely there may be convulsions and a coma. From the side of the stomach and intestines, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and pain may occur.
• "Flustop" can lead tothe occurrence of headache, weakness, insomnia, dizziness, increased cough. The appearance of dyspeptic symptoms (vomiting, nausea, diarrhea) and abdominal pain.
• "Remantadine" is quite toxic and can cause a number of effects on the digestive organs (dry mouth, vomiting, refusal to eat, nausea, diarrhea, pain, bloating), tinnitus, dizziness, loss of taste, fatigue, impaired odor perception, unsteady gait, convulsions, fainting, high blood pressure, coughing and tachycardia.

Reviews

Antiviral drugs are often used in Belarus, and taking into account the feedback from doctors, patients and parents of children, the following percentage of positive responses to various drugs can be formed:

1. "Influcid" leads in the number of positive opinions - 85%.
2. "Remantadine", despite the side effects, fights flu excellently, satisfying 82% of people on average in reviews.
3. "Human Leukocyte Interferon" deserves its 81%.
4. "Cycloferon" helps patients and doctors by 80%.
5. "Kagocel" is estimated in average in 78% of cases.
6. "Groprinosin" is justified by 76% of people.
7. "Ergoferon" was effective according to reviews 72%.
8. "Arpetol" helped 71% of patients improve their he alth.
9. "Amixin" is considered effective by 70%.
10. "Anaferon" helps 65% of those who have tried it.
11. "Flustop" was rated positively by 62% of people.