Allergies are considered common. Various reasons can lead to the appearance of the disease. Often it appears due to the use of certain medications. Allergy to iodine is a common type of intolerance. She has her own symptoms that cannot be confused with other allergic reactions. How an allergy to iodine manifests itself and how to treat it is described in the article.
Reasons
Iodine is a low molecular weight substance (halogen), which in itself is not considered an allergen. But after penetration into the body, it becomes a hapten, increasing its molecular weight due to the reaction with high molecular weight proteins. The formation of class E conjugated immunoglobulins occurs in the body, with which sensitization is triggered.
External signs usually do not appear at first contact. Only with repeated exposure to the allergen does the release of active allergy mediators into the blood occur. She isshows up on drugs. This list consists of:
- potassium and sodium iodide;
- Lugol;
- alcohol solution of iodine;
- thyroid medications;
- antiseptics;
- radiocontrast;
- drugs for arrhythmias.
The effect of iodine on each person is reflected in different ways. The development of an unpleasant state occurs in stages:
- The iodine-containing agent is converted to the form required for synthesis with high molecular weight proteins.
- Allergic immunoglobulins are formed.
- The immune system triggers reactions that provoke external manifestations of allergies.
Many medicines contain iodine. As indicated in the instructions for use, "Iodomarin" 200 mg is effective for iodine deficiency. In this case, care must be taken, as the product can cause allergies. As described in the instructions for use, Iodomarin 200 mg is not used for hyperthyroidism, toxic thyroid adenoma, Duhring's herpetiform dermatitis.
Manifestation
How does an allergy to iodine manifest itself? Iododermatitis is detected after external use of iodine products. It appears as:
- pink or red rashes;
- itchy skin;
- blisters with serous fluid inside;
- skin hyperemia;
- erythema multiforme;
- bullous dermatitis.
These are skin symptoms of iodine allergy. But they are also systemic. How else does it manifestallergic to iodine? An allergic reaction is likely to cause:
- increasing shortness of breath;
- facial swelling;
- shortness of breath;
- bronchospasm;
- arrhythmias.
These are the main symptoms of how an iodine allergy manifests itself. Severe manifestations of the disease include angioedema and anaphylactic shock. Allergies are usually mild or moderate in severity. A great threat to he alth arises from the intravenous administration of contrast agents. Such procedures should only be carried out by an experienced and competent specialist.
Yodism
A side effect of allergies is iodism, which has specific symptoms. Appearance not ruled out:
- metal taste in mouth;
- pain in the mouth;
- allergic rhinitis;
- increased salivation;
- slight burning sensation in the airways;
- hyperemia of the sclera and tearing of the eyes;
- allergic rash;
- toxic dermatitis.
With iodism, there may be intestinal disorders, fever. Similar symptoms can manifest themselves with long-term use of iodine-containing drugs.
Diagnosis
Does a person have an allergy to iodine? How to check? To do this, you need to pass a simple test. An alcoholic solution of iodine is applied with a cotton swab to thin skin. If redness or a rash occurs in this area during the day, then this is a confirmation of a predisposition to allergies. With no trace inthe body is experiencing a lack of trace elements.
In a clinical setting, diagnostics should be performed before the planned administration of iodine-based radiocontrast agents. To do this, the desired medication is administered in a small dose. If there are no pathological symptoms, and good he alth is observed, then the diagnosis can be continued. If symptoms of an allergic reaction are detected, they should be treated with antihistamines, and then an appropriate contrast agent should be selected.
During the diagnosis, age and the presence of chronic pathologies are of particular importance, in which there may be iodine allergy:
- bronchial asthma;
- hyperthyroidism;
- diseases of the heart and blood vessels;
- age over 60.
Skin tests are a meaningful diagnostic method. After such an event, the doctor can prescribe an effective method of treatment.
Therapy
How to treat iodine allergy? It is treated according to the same principle as other forms of the disease. First, you need to limit the intake of the allergen in the body - iodine. The use of drugs with this trace element must be discontinued. This is necessary to neutralize the accumulation of iodine in the body.
To relieve symptoms, the doctor prescribes drug therapy, which includes taking several drugs:
- Antihistamines - "Loratadina", "Telfast", "Cetrina", "Erius".
- Drugs used for emergency care 1generations - Dimedrol, Suprastin.
- Enterosorbents - Polysorb, Smecta, Atoxil.
Don't self-medicate. Any drug must be prescribed by a doctor. They also prescribe the dosage and duration of treatment. Only by following the above rules will it be possible to eliminate an allergy to iodine.
Treatment of iodism
If the disease occurs in the form of iodism, then a special treatment regimen is prescribed:
- It is necessary to exclude all iodine-containing products.
- Requires antihistamines or injections.
- A course of 10 sessions of intravenous injections of calcium chloride is in progress.
- Probiotics are taken to restore the intestinal microflora - Linex, Bifilife.
The completed course of treatment prescribed by a doctor will eliminate the symptoms of an allergy to iodine. Therapy for iodism gives excellent results.
Elimination of skin symptoms
Skin manifestations are eliminated by anti-inflammatory, regenerating external agents:
- Gistan.
- "Fenistil".
- "Solcoseryl".
- Desitin.
With the development of anaphylactic shock, urgent qualified assistance is needed, intravenous administration of anti-shock drugs - Adrenaline, Dexamethasone. With severe bronchial spasm that disrupts respiratory function, the surgeon performs a tracheotomy and inserts a special tube.
Diet
With iododermatitis, it is necessary to exclude the use of food, inwhich this component is present in large quantities. Such a substance is found in:
- seaweed;
- heke;
- cod liver;
- freshwater fish;
- side;
- salmon;
- flounder.
Iodine is present in shrimp, sea bass, mackerel, cod, herring. It is advisable to consult a doctor about nutrition. You need to find out the exact list of products that are acceptable for consumption.
Traditional medicine
Such remedies are common among many people who prefer natural remedies rather than pharmaceutical drugs. There are recipes to eliminate the itching that appeared from drugs containing iodine.
Coconut oil is the best remedy for itchy skin. It is enough to apply it in a small amount on painful areas. Vaseline is also used, which not only eliminates itching, but also reduces skin irritation - you just need to apply it in a thin layer to the place of the rash.
Itching is eliminated by baking soda. To do this, prepare a gruel: dilute 3 parts of baking soda with 1 part of water. The paste is applied to the itchy area. But do not use the product on damaged or combed skin. Traditional medicine is considered effective and safe.
Iodine replacement
If you are allergic to iodine - how to replace it? Zelenka is suitable for treating wounds. It is advisable to consult with a specialist about a suitable drug. Iodine analogs include:
- Iodinefinely crystalline instant.
- "Iodinol".
- Alcohol "Iodine".
Instructions are attached to each preparation. You must read it before using any tool. It lists the active ingredients, indications and contraindications. Following the instructions will help prevent side effects.
Prevention
If an allergy occurs, getting rid of it will be difficult, and sometimes impossible. But it will turn out to minimize the exacerbation of the disease, if you do not allow contact with allergens. Prevention measures include:
- checking the composition of drugs for the presence of iodine;
- ban on eating seafood;
- careful choice of antiseptics, as they may also contain iodine;
- if you are allergic to iodine, there may be a cross-allergy to chlorine, fluorine, bromine, so contact with them should also be limited.
Diagnosis with the introduction of a contrast fluid with iodine is not performed when:
- pregnancy;
- hemorrhagic vasculitis;
- severe diabetes;
- thyroid pathology;
- bronchial asthma;
- atopic dermatitis;
- kidney failure;
- dehydrated.
The manifestation of an allergy to iodine can be corrected if drugs and products with this component are excluded. In some cases, you can replace it. In any case, the manifestation of symptoms of the disease is the reason for contacting a specialist. He will tell you about ways to correct lifestyle,choose the best treatment option. Thanks to effective therapy, iodine allergy can be eliminated.
