Hemorrhagic vasculitis is a disease that is part of a group of primary systemic diseases that mainly affect young people. The disease manifests itself in the form of arthralgia, microthrombosis, palpable purpura and malfunctions of the stomach and intestines. The disease proceeds with frequent relapses, in some cases, renal failure may develop. Pathology has been studied by scientists for a long time, but there is still no accurate data on the etiology, pathogenesis and methods of therapy. In addition, there is also no precise classification, so the topic is difficult to cover. Let's look at how hemorrhagic vasculitis looks like in adults in the photo, which treatment is better to carry out - traditional methods or folk?
What provokes the development of the disease?
Vasculitis is manifested against the background of inflammatory processes in the walls of blood vessels. After a short period of time, the permeability of small blood vessels increases, in these gaps fibrin and thrombotic masses are deposited. As a result, microthrombi and hemorrhagic syndrome appear. One of the names for this pathology iscapillary toxicosis.
The defeat of small joints is not as dangerous as the pathology that affects the veins and arteries. The main thing is to accurately determine what are the causes of hemorrhagic vasculitis in adults, and then the treatment will be selected as accurately as possible. The main provoking factors for the development of pathology, doctors identify the following:
- infections caused by parasites: trichomoniasis, clay infestations;
- infections caused by bacteria: streptococci, mycoplasma, mycobacterium tuberculosis, staphylococci;
- food toxic infections;
- viral infections: influenza, SARS, herpes;
- allergic reactions to drugs, foods;
- vaccination;
- hypercooling of the body.
Some scientific minds still believe that the risk of disease is high in those who have a predisposition to certain types of immune reactions. In most cases, school-age children get sick, but only isolated cases of the disease have been recorded in infants.
We have determined what causes hemorrhagic vasculitis in adults, the treatment will be effective after the classification of the disease is clarified.
Classification of pathology
There are several clinical forms of the disease:
- lightning;
- dermal;
- rheumatoid;
- renal;
- abdominal;
- mixed.
The nature of the pathology can be divided into several types:
- acute - lasts up to two months;
- protracted - stretchesup to 6 months;
- chronic - a long period, accompanied by relapses, remissions and exacerbations.
There are several degrees of hemorrhagic vasculitis, treatment in adults will be effective only after their exact definition:
- Easy. In this case, the patient's condition does not cause serious concern, the rash on the body is rare, with small foci, accompanied by minor pain in the joints.
- Average. The general condition of the patient worsens significantly, the skin becomes covered with a profuse rash, the joints are very twisted, pain in the peritoneum appears from time to time.
- Heavy. Weakness throughout the body, angioedema, rashes cover most of the body, ulcers appear in some places, there may be bleeding in the stomach and intestines, kidney failure develops.
What does hemorrhagic vasculitis look like?
Hemorrhagic vasculitis begins to develop, the treatment of which in adults is selected individually, with a usual rash on the skin. These are small and symmetrically located bruises of a small size that do not disappear if you press on them.
In addition, it should be noted:
- rashes can appear near the joints or on the buttocks;
- rashes caused by the development of hemorrhagic vasculitis (treatment in adults requires a special approach) rarely appear on the skin of the face, trunk and palms;
- the intensity of rashes can be different - from single foci tomass with their subsequent merger;
- during the extinction of the disease, pigmentation remains on the skin, peeling is periodically noticeable in its place.
Clinical manifestations
The clinical manifestations of symptoms of hemorrhagic vasculitis depend on the severity of the course of the disease and the localization of inflammatory processes. Treatment of the disease individually. Pathology begins to develop acutely and is accompanied by elevated body temperature to febrile numbers. In rare cases, the temperature may not be.
In addition, the disease is characterized by rashes on the skin of different sizes. In rheumatology, the symptoms of hemorrhagic vasculitis may differ (treatment will be discussed a little later).
- Skin syndrome. This form manifests itself acutely and is accompanied by high temperature, diffuse spots with hemorrhagic elements are noticeable on the skin. Most often, the rash appears on the legs, buttocks, thighs, mainly in the joints. In rare cases, it can be localized on the limbs and trunk. In severe form, the rash can develop into necrosis, small ulcers appear. In the chronic form and the long course of the pathology, peeling appears on the skin.
- Articular syndrome. This type is observed in 70% of patients with hemorrhagic vasculitis, symptoms and treatment in patients may vary. But most often this type is accompanied by pain in the joints with the development of the inflammatory process. Most of the diseases are large joints. In addition to inflammationthere is swelling with disorders of the musculoskeletal system. This syndrome may present early in the disease or during progression. If therapy is started on time, the joints will not atrophy.
- Abdominal syndrome. It is most often manifested in children with hemorrhagic vasculitis. Treatment (parents' feedback confirms this) gives good results if it is timely. The syndrome is accompanied by pain in the peritoneum of varying intensity, which is present in each section of the stomach and intestines. In addition to pain, there is: nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea and flatulence. In severe form, without timely treatment, gastric and intestinal bleeding may occur.
- Renal syndrome. It occurs in only 25% of patients. Accompanied by signs of acute glomerulonephritis with hematuria or nephrotic syndrome. These symptoms lead to kidney failure and can be dangerous to humans.
In addition to the main symptoms, the disease causes general intoxication, lack of appetite, urinary retention.
In adults, the treatment of hemorrhagic vasculitis should be timely, because it can also affect other organs, causing such symptoms:
hemorrhagic pneumonia, which manifests itself as a cough with blood-streaked sputum;
- hemorrhagic myocarditis with damage to blood vessels and the heart;
- hemorrhagic meningitis affects the vessels of the brain, accompanied by headache, irritability, convulsions,bleeding in the brain, leading to stroke and disability.
The symptoms of the disease are pronounced and require an urgent visit to a doctor and the selection of individual treatment depending on the manifestations and syndrome.
Diagnostic methods
We looked at the causes of hemorrhagic vasculitis in adults. The prognosis, treatment of such a disease may differ in different patients, it is urgent to consult a doctor who will prescribe a comprehensive examination.
The main diagnostic methods are:
- coagulogram;
- detection of circulating immune complexes;
- determination of immunoglobulins, cryoglobulins and components of complement systems;
- biochemical analysis;
- complete complete blood count with leukocyte count.
Treatment of hemorrhagic vasculitis
Therapy of vasculitis should be complex, consisting of therapeutic and drug methods. Traditional medicine can also be added to the main methods. In rare cases, surgery may be required.
Therapeutic treatment consists of general wellness procedures. You can follow a hypoallergenic diet, limit physical activity, but physical therapy is needed.
From hardware methods, plasmapheresis can be prescribed. This procedure allows you to cleanse the blood of toxins, microbes and other harmful substances. But without medication, the disease cannot be cured.
As for taking medications, for hemorrhagic vasculitis, they prescribe:
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that help relieve inflammation and lower body temperature;
- membrane stabilizing agents, they help repair diseased tissues;
- cytostatics restore immunity;
- antacids to help reduce the risk of stomach damage;
- antispasmodics help reduce pain.
In addition, with hemorrhagic vasculitis of the cutaneous form, treatment in adults requires the use of other groups of drugs, the choice of which depends on comorbidities and the presence of chronic ailments.
Surgery is rarely used in the treatment of hemorrhagic vasculitis, mainly in cases where the intestines and kidneys are severely affected. In this case, the affected parts of the intestine are removed or a kidney transplant is performed.
Treatment of cutaneous hemorrhagic vasculitis is carried out locally, ointments are used for this:
- acemic;
- dibunol;
- venoruton;
- Solkoseril.
These products help to restore the elasticity and density of the walls of blood vessels. For ulcerative erosive manifestations, other ointments are recommended: Vishnevsky, Mikulich or Iruksol.
Besides traditional treatment, traditional medicine is also effective.
Hemorrhagic vasculitis: treatmentfolk remedies
Effective Grandma's Recipes:
- Take three tablespoons of field ivy and elderflower, add one and a half tablespoons of mint and the same amount of yarrow. Mix everything thoroughly and take 60 grams of the collection, pour 0.5 liters of hot, slightly cooled water and leave to brew for 12 hours. Take a decoction of ½ cup 5 times a day. Also, this decoction can be used as a lotion on damaged areas of the skin, apply a cloth soaked in decoction for 20 minutes.
- Mix together mountain arnica, calendula and Japanese sophora. Take 10 grams of the collection and pour a glass of boiling water, leave for three hours, and then strain and drink 1 tablespoon every 8 hours.
- You can prepare an alcohol tincture, for this you need to grind three large lemons, add 5 tablespoons of cloves, two glasses of sugar and 0.5 ml of medical alcohol. Steep for two weeks and then take 1 tablespoon before each meal.
- You can prepare your own ointment for the treatment of hemorrhagic vasculitis. It is prepared as follows: grind 200 grams of birch buds into powder and mix with kilograms of nutria fat. After the mixture is sent to the oven for three hours, repeat this throughout the week, and then strain and lubricate the affected areas.
It is not difficult to treat hemorrhagic vasculitis with folk remedies. Alternative treatment will be effective only if you clean the intestines. To do this, you can use this infusion: take 40 grams of the collection, which contains elecampane, tansy, immortelle andwormwood pour a liter of hot water. Leave for two hours, and then strain. It is necessary to drink a decoction on an empty stomach, while adding water in a ratio of 1: 1. Take twice daily.
The blood should also be cleansed. To do this, you need to prepare an infusion of thick-leaved bergenia. Dry leaves are poured with boiled water, infused overnight and, strained, taken ½ cup on an empty stomach.
Complications
It is worth remembering that if you do not immediately take any measures and do not treat hemorrhagic vasculitis, then complications can be much more serious than you think:
- intestinal obstruction;
- pancreatitis;
- perforation of ulcers in the intestines and stomach;
- peritonitis;
- posthemorrhagic anemia;
- thromboses and heart attacks;
- neuritis and cerebral disorders.
Complications occur in patients who do not seek help in a timely manner.
Preventive methods
After the patient has completed the course of treatment, he is recommended to adhere to certain recommendations - preventive measures, only in this case there will be no relapses. Doctors recommend to their patients:
- stick to a hypoallergenic diet, it is strictly forbidden to eat chocolate, citrus fruits, eggs and nuts;
- refuse vaccination and various tests with bacterial antigens;
- exclude all physiotherapy;
- take antibacterial agents only in the most extreme cases;
- treat infections in time;
- regularly be screened for wormsinvasions;
- avoid hypothermia and overheating;
- visit the doctor regularly;
- limit yourself in physical activity, but physiotherapy exercises are even welcome;
- avoid contact with chemicals.
Prognosis of inactivity in hemorrhagic vasculitis
The initial stages of the disease in some patients may pass on their own, but in other cases, if appropriate measures are not taken, the disease can be fatal. The lightning-fast form can lead to the death of the patient, and all because the central nervous system is affected and a hemorrhage occurs in the brain.
If the disease is detected in time and treatment is started, then half of the patients experience a speedy recovery, and the second half may experience relapses, but only if they encounter the cause that provoked the development of the disease again.
