We all know from childhood how important it is to take care of your teeth from a young age, as well as, in fact, overall he alth, but this is not always possible. Then there is a need for prosthetics. In addition, due to a missing tooth, not only the process of chewing food worsens, there may be other unpleasant consequences. You can correct the situation by installing gum formers.
What is this?
Anyone who comes across such a definition is interested in the question: what is this tool in the field of dentistry? The question is especially relevant when a person has already lost a tooth or it is a matter of time, but you do not want to lose the functionality of the gums.
Actually, a gum former is a cylindrical screw with a dense multi-turn thread. This allows you to securely fix the entire metal structure. Shaper dimensions, as well as its diameterheads and height largely depend on several factors:
- location;
- degree of soft tissue thinning;
- anatomical features of the dental arch.
In other words, the placement of the Healing Abutment on the implant depends entirely on the individual parameters of the patient. In the language of specialists in the field of dentistry, these products are called "plug".
Functionality
Installation of soft tissue formers serves a specific purpose. In this case, the correct contour of the socket is created after the loss of a tooth. This will determine the appearance of the zones with the implanted implant and how tightly the gum will fit the prosthesis.
It is thanks to the shaper that soft tissues take on the desired volume and fullness, which is necessary when creating a natural contour. In its absence, the artificial element will look unpresentable, and the gum will no longer fit as tightly to it as required.
Thus, the implant-mounted gingiva former appears in an augmented way. This is an intermediate element that acts as a basic foundation, and it is simply impossible to do without it during prosthetics. In some cases, it may be an integral part of the implant.
Material of production
As a rule, titanium is the material for the manufacture of soft tissue formers. Its strength is successfully combined with lightness, and therefore it is ideal for the manufacture of such products. Due to its installation, the appearance of a load on the root of the restored tooth is excluded.element. In addition, titanium has another remarkable property, which is very important for the oral cavity - it is resistant to corrosion processes. On top of that, it is hypoallergenic. The question immediately arises: how much does a dental implant cost, in particular, the orthopedic product in question? But more on that later.
At the same time, these products have a drawback, which is why their use is not so common. They show through the gum tissue, which ultimately does not look so attractive. This is especially critical in relation to the front teeth.
For this reason, many patients prefer zirconia analogues, which do not betray their presence in any way.
Varieties of shapers
Now we understand what it is - a gum former during implantation. Among the products presented on the modern market, several classes of similar orthopedic products can be distinguished:
- "Economy" - this should include the designs of Israeli brands - Adin, Alpha Bio, MIS, Iterum, the American company Bicon, as well as Implantium (also the USA and Korea).
- "Business" - such products are made by the German manufacturer Xive.
- "Premium" - executive class products are produced in Switzerland (Straumann), Sweden (Astra tech), Germany (Nico, Ankylos, Impro, Semandos), USA (Nobel Biocare).
Shapers from one brand can be combined with implants from other brands. But at the same time, it is recommended to use productsfrom the same manufacturer.
Not to be confused with abutment
The orthopedic products in question are usually referred to as a variety of a different design, and for this reason, many patients consider both of these concepts to be the same: an abutment and an implanted gingiva former. What it is in reality - not everyone understands.
Formers are usually referred to as a variety of abutments, and for this reason, many patients confuse these concepts. However, the abutment is a more complex structure, which is placed after the gum formation procedure on the same base, only instead of the shaper. The presence of the abutment allows you to create additional strength for the installed prosthesis.
And if the upper part of the shaper is mainly made in a cylindrical shape, then the top of the abutment can be different, and is selected strictly in accordance with a specific prosthesis. Now it's the turn to find out what these are - abutments for implants? Based on the purpose, they come in several varieties:
- standard;
- temporary;
- cast (together with implant);
- corner;
- customized.
Like shapers, they can also be made of titanium, but due to the disadvantage described, this is far from the only material.
In addition to it, ceramics, gold, plastic, as well as their combinations are used.
Shaper installation procedure
"Installation" of shapers can be of two types, based on the timing:
- Simultaneous installation - "stub" is placed immediately after the introduction of the base.
- Standard procedure - carried out a few months after the implant procedure. By this time, the intraosseous part is usually already taking root.
In most cases, specialists resort to the standard installation of gingiva formers. For them, such work is simple and more like a routine process, which is carried out in several stages.
Steps of operation
Stage No. 1 - local, infiltration, conduction anesthesia is done, depending on the area in which the implant is located.
Stage No. 2 - the gum is incised. This is done in order to gain access to the intraosseous part of the implanted base. For the entire period while the implant was in the gum, a certain part of it has already managed to acquire soft tissues. In this connection, to establish the exact localization of the implant, a procedure of palpation or probing is performed. The last option is used most often. Subsequently, soft tissues are opened with a punch or an incision is made over the artificial base.
Stage No. 3 - the base itself is being prepared for fixing the shaper on it. At the same time, a special plug is removed, due to which the intraosseous part of the thread opens. The visible metal part is cleaned of excess fabric (if necessary).
Stage No. 4 - at this stage of dental implantation, the installation of the gum former involves screwing the product itself using a special key (orthopedic oruniversal). At the same time, it should protrude slightly beyond the gum line, but not more than 2 mm. This indicates that the dimensions were chosen correctly. This measure avoids correction when using temporary prostheses.
Step 5 - suturing the gums. Moreover, the edges of the soft tissues are pulled together so that the shaper remains above them, forming a kind of interdental papilla.
This work is not only routine, but also responsible - it is necessary to install the products correctly, otherwise unpleasant consequences cannot be avoided. You can check the correct fastening of products using orthopantomography.
In terms of duration, the operation to install gum formers takes no more than 60 minutes. After 14 days - by this time the cavity has already healed sufficiently - an elastic roller is formed in the area of the installation of the shaper. This is another way to determine the correctness of the procedure.
Terms of wearing shapers
As a rule, the gum tissue heals within 7-10 days from the time of the operation. Under the influence of the anesthetic, the pain dulls, but after the end of its action, the pain syndrome returns. You should not be afraid of this, because this is the norm. Painkillers may be taken for the first 5-7 days.
At the same time, if the pain still persists after a week, you should immediately consult a doctor. With a high degree of probability, this may indicate the development of complications.
Most patients are interested in more than just howlooks like a gingiva former, but also how long should it be worn? It is impossible to name the exact dates right away, since everything here depends on the individual characteristics of the patient. In particular, we are talking about the following:
- The ability of soft tissue and bone structure to heal.
- Localization of the recoverable zone.
- Implant type.
- Complexity of surgery.
- Correct execution of all the instructions of the specialist.
If there are no complications, if all the recommendations of the specialist are followed, complete healing occurs within the previously mentioned period - about 2 weeks.
Probable Complications
The insertion of an orthopedic device, although a relatively simple process, is also an operation.
And if so, then after the installation of the gum shaper, complications can not always be avoided:
- Allergic reaction. Usually occurs as an appropriate response of the body to the metal used (in extremely rare cases) or to the effects of an anesthetic. If the patient has a similar effect with respect to any pain medication, he needs to notify the doctor. If it is the shaper material that is to blame, then it is necessary to remove the product and find an alternative to it.
- Discomfort when communicating or eating. In this case, you already need to contact a specialist, since this condition will not go away by itself.
- Loss of the structure or its loose fit to the softtissues. This happens when the bone structure is very weak or there is some kind of pathology. If the therapeutic treatment does not give the desired result, the product is removed.
- Swelling after insertion of the Healing Abutment. Usually appears within the first 24 hours after the introduction of the "stub". As a rule, this is a side effect that occurs after almost any surgical intervention. It resolves on its own in a day or two and therefore no medical attention is needed.
- The appearance of an unpleasant odor. This is already a symptom of the development of internal inflammation, which is usually accompanied by an accumulation of purulent mass.
- Bleeding. The reason for this phenomenon is poor blood clotting. In this case, the specialist prescribes the use of hemostatic drugs, along with the use of wound healing rinses and ointments.
- Gum overgrowth. This is evidence of incorrect selection of the height of the dental product. As a result, the "plug" is covered with gum tissue.
- Gingiva hurts after inserting a gum former. As noted above, this is the norm, since the effect of anesthesia is over. In a few days, everything will pass, but the syndrome can be stopped with painkillers.
- Inflammatory process. It can leak in the area of the seams. If it is present, the patient is prescribed antibiotics, and treatment of the oral cavity with wound healing and antiseptic preparations is also indicated.
Some of these complications can be avoided if, during the entire postoperative period,strictly adhere to all doctor's recommendations.
Rules of care
It is not enough to have an idea about shapers and abutments for implants - what they are and what they are for. Proper and regular oral care is essential. Such a measure after the operation will minimize the occurrence of complications, if not completely prevent their development. Teeth cleaning should be done twice a day, before and after meals (breakfast, dinner). At the same time, carefully use a toothbrush to avoid damage to the operated area, which is still vulnerable to mechanical damage.
As for toothpaste, you should choose therapeutic and prophylactic formulations containing natural extracts of medicinal herbs and the inclusion of chlorhexidine (low concentration) and other healing components. The use of special rinses will protect against the formation of soft plaque. Most popular products:
- "Forest Balsam".
- "Stomatofit".
- "Asepta".
- "Listerine".
- Colgate.
What do you do after a gingiva former is installed? Immediately after the operation, it is necessary to strictly adhere to certain requirements regarding food:
- Food is prohibited for the first three hours after the procedure, you can not drink anything either.
- For the first two days, do not smoke, avoid strenuous physical activity, including strenuous activities.
- Until the woundsheal, the food should be liquid or passed through a grater. Foods that are sticky or sticky should be avoided.
- Until complete tissue healing occurs, everything spicy, s alty, spicy and sour must be abandoned. Such products will significantly slow down the recovery process. This also includes solid food (crackers, etc.).
The entire healing period should be under the close supervision of a specialist. To do this, after the installation of the gum formers, the patient must visit the dental clinic within the agreed time frame.
Shapers and Pregnancy
Many women are well aware that their "special" status requires not only careful attitude to their he alth, but also avoiding unnecessary physical and emotional stress. Therefore, the following question would be appropriate: is it possible to put shapers on pregnant women?
According to experts, the "special" status is not a direct contraindication to such an operation. However, expectant mothers are highly discouraged from doing it while in the I or III trimester. The best period is the golden mean (II trimester).
But it should be noted that this procedure involves the use of anesthesia, as well as a number of medications afterwards. The fact is that some active substances can affect the course of pregnancy and the development of the fetus, which is usually not welcome. And no matter how much a dental implant costs, you should not rush, the procedure for installing forming products (which is part ofthe entire process of prosthetics) it is better to postpone for the postpartum period. And many experts just adhere to this.
At the same time, if clinical circumstances so require, a woman is allowed to undergo surgery after consultation with a gynecologist.
Issue price
The cost of shapers has a wide range, ranging from one and a half thousand to 30,000 rubles. As you can understand, economy-class products will cost less than "business" or "premium". It should be noted that such orthopedic products are produced in large quantities according to individual orders. A single copy doubles the final price.
Reviews
Dental implantation is a serious and responsible process. Moreover, attention is needed from both sides - both the specialist and the patient himself. Such a duet is the basis for the success of the operation and the speedy restoration of the restored dental elements.
As a number of reviews show, the installation of a gum former on an implant can be carried out with errors, which is a big minus to the authority of the specialist who performed the procedure. And unfortunately, this happens from time to time, as evidenced by patient reviews. Patients often write about other complications, such as rejection of the construct. At the same time, the money paid cannot be returned - doctors do not guarantee full engraftment. But in most cases, the installation of soft tissue formers goes without any consequences.
