The concept of "egg donation" today no longer shocks anyone. Reproductive technologies make it possible for almost any woman to become a mother, even with a terrible diagnosis of infertility. A guide to the world of motherhood is a donor, or rather, an egg donor.
Let's try to reveal the main, frequently occurring and urgent questions concerning both the ethical and moral aspects of donation. It would seem that the risk is great, because the woman who offered her egg is actually her owner. What if the egg donor then claims his rights? However, you really should not worry about this, because people who have become donors of the liver or bone marrow simply help someone who is in dire need of their help. And often not for free. Everything is strictly confidential.
Not every woman can become an egg donor. In addition to normal appearance, age also matters (not younger than 20 and not older than 30 or 35 years). Preferencegiven to women who already have children. It is very important that the plans of the future donor do not include the desire to give birth to another child, since the process of separation of the egg can lead to damage to the ovary and even infertility. In general, such cases are an exception, but it is necessary to provide for similar outcomes. Usually, a woman who is a donor practically does not risk her he alth. The procedure is simple, performed under venous (general) anesthesia.
But before donation, the egg donor undergoes a check-up that includes:
- determination (clarification) of blood type and Rh factor;
- psychiatrist's report;
- fluorography;
- gynecological examination;
- smears for cleanliness;
- tests for RW, HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C;
- determination of Ig G and M to herpes virus, rubella, toxoplasma, cytomegalovirus;
- karyotype study;
- smears for oncocytology;
- bacteriological tests for gonorrhea, candida, trichomonas, chlamydia, etc.;
- carriage of cystic fibrosis.
If a donor matches, hormone therapy is used to increase the number of eggs produced, the growth process of which is observed by ultrasound. When using the material without freezing (immediately), the cycles of both women (both the expectant mother and the donor) are also corrected, which can sometimes take even several months.
Mature eggs are removed with a thin hollow needle through the peritoneum or through the vagina(general anesthesia). After 3 hours, the donor can already leave the clinic.
The egg is fertilized and the embryo is painlessly transferred into the patient's uterus. However, the embryo does not always take root the first time, so you may have to repeat this procedure.
What about the he alth risk? Of course, to some extent, both the patient and the egg donor are at risk. The risk is associated with ovarian stimulation. With excessive stimulation, even rupture of the ovaries is possible. Damage during egg retrieval cannot be ruled out. There may be complications after illiterate hormone therapy. Therefore, you need to contact only clinics with an impeccable reputation. In most of these clinics, both parties are insured against such problems.
