Plaque in humans can be of the following colors: white, brownish, yellowish, greenish. It depends on various factors. Black plaque looks especially ugly on the teeth, which can occur in both adults and children. This should alert, because it is a symptom of some kind of malfunction in the body. What can cause black plaque, and how to get rid of it?
Causes of black plaque in adults
Often people have plaque on their teeth, the black color of which should be especially alert. Many factors lead to this:
Smoking, constant drinking of strong tea or coffee. Almost all people's teeth have a small amount of plaque that is not removed during normal cleaning. Nicotine resins, coffee or tea pigments penetrate the enamel and stain it dark. After a while, this mass hardens and adheres very firmly to the surface of the tooth
- Poor oral caremouth. Despite the fact that now there is enough information on how to properly care for your teeth, and there are also a large number of special products for caring for them, many people are negligent about oral hygiene. Some even forget to use the paste. Do not be surprised that after a while there is a black plaque on the teeth.
- Serious diseases. Some ailments during their exacerbation are accompanied by darkening of the inside of the teeth. This usually occurs with pathology of the spleen, complicated viral infections, liver problems and various abscesses.
- Long-term use of many drugs. The leader in this regard is tetracycline, which is considered a very popular antibiotic. It is often used as prescribed by a doctor and as a self-medication. Because people often develop plaque on their teeth, the black color is a side effect of tetracycline. Such teeth are very difficult to whiten.
- Constant interaction with heavy metals. Workers of metallurgical enterprises, having worked for many years in harmful conditions, receive a “gift” in the form of black teeth. Condensate containing particles of heavy metals, once in the body, begins to settle on the walls of the internal organs, damaging not only them, but also the teeth.
- Wrong diet. Store-bought products almost all contain "chemistry", which negatively affects the condition of the teeth.
- Drug addiction. In this case, the drugs destroy the teeth very strongly, givingim unhe althy looking.
Thus, if there is black plaque on the teeth, the reasons leading to this may be different. Moreover, such a pathological condition can also be observed in children after a year.
Black plaque on children's teeth
Dark plaque on children's teeth can occur unexpectedly, even overnight. Most often, the enamel begins to darken from the inside, but this is not a sign of caries. Such a plaque usually appears in children older than one year, and it cannot be cleaned with anything. Even if a professional cleaning is carried out at the dentist, after a while the enamel will begin to darken again. Why is this happening? If there is black plaque on the teeth of children, the reasons for this can be explained not by a dentist, but by a gastroenterologist.
Causes of black plaque in children
Black plaque on the teeth of a child often occurs due to intestinal dysbacteriosis. It is a narrow border near the gums and is located on the outer surface of the teeth or is distributed unevenly on the outer and inner sides of all crowns. Many parents are concerned about the condition of their child's teeth, but if he does not suffer from any chronic pathology, then there is absolutely no danger to he alth. This is just an aesthetic issue. The intestinal microflora in children is formed before the age of four, and as they grow older, the black plaque on children's teeth disappears on its own. However, it is still necessary to examine the baby.
If there is black plaque on the teeth of children, the reasons leading to this may bedifferent:
- On milk teeth, the so-called Priestley plaque often occurs, which has a dark color, up to black. It is formed as a result of the vital activity of pigment-forming bacteria, which are considered part of the normal microflora of the oral cavity. This happens due to a change in the composition of the microflora, as a result of which there are a lot of bacteria, and they contribute to staining the teeth in a dark color. Priestley plaque does not form on permanent teeth and disappears as the baby grows.
- Black plaque on the teeth of a child may occur due to the fact that the mother took antibiotics for a long time during pregnancy, and the treatment took place during the period of laying milk teeth.
- If a child brushes his teeth with a toothpaste containing fluoride, then over time the teeth will also darken due to this substance. Therefore, oral care products should be free of it.
What to do if the "dead" tooth turned black?
If there is plaque on the teeth, its black color may occur when the pulp is damaged or removed. Such teeth are very different from the rest in their color. This problem is solved in the following ways:
- Intracanal whitening. The channels are opened and a bleaching agent is placed in them, after which they are closed with a temporary filling. A few days later, the tooth begins to lighten. In this case, the whitening component is removed and the tooth is filled using modern composite materials.
- The use of special overlays-veneers. Such thin ceramic or zirconium overlays are used in order torestore the aesthetics of the anterior teeth.
The use of crowns-nozzles. In this case, the tooth is ground and a crown made of high-quality material is put on it, after which it will not differ at all from all the others
Black plaque on teeth: how to get rid of it?
In any case, it is necessary to remove black plaque from the dentist. The most popular methods for harmless and high-quality teeth cleaning:
- ultrasound;
- Air Flow soda-jet machine;
- laser whitening.
We should consider them in more detail.
Ultrasound
This is a fairly popular way to deal with dark plaque on the teeth. Any dental clinic is equipped with an ultrasound device. There is a special Scaler device that works as follows: a high-frequency generator is built into the device, which forces the tip of the nozzle to perform ultrasonic frequency oscillations. As soon as the tip of the tip comes into contact with black plaque, a vibration wave is transmitted to it, leading to the destruction of plaque attached to the surface of the enamel. No pain is caused to the patient.
Air Flow Soda Jet Machine
To remove black plaque on the teeth, use the Air Flow apparatus. Processing is carried out as follows: using a special tip, a mixture of water and soda is applied to the tooth enamel. This allows you to effectively remove plaque, but this procedure isshort term, less than six months. In addition, the upper layers of enamel are weakened, and the teeth must then be treated with a protective paste. Sometimes the gums bleed. To enhance the effect, this procedure is combined with ultrasound.
Laser whitening
How to clean teeth from black plaque so as not to damage the enamel? In this case, laser whitening is used. Although this procedure is very expensive, the enamel is not damaged at all, and bleeding of the gums does not occur. The effect lasts about 4-5 years.
How to remove black plaque at home?
It is highly undesirable to whiten your teeth on your own, but many people do not have time to visit the dentist at all. In this case, traditional medicine can help. Let's look at how to remove black plaque on the teeth in folk ways. Their recipes are quite simple:
- Take 1 tsp. soda and peroxide, mix them, apply on a cotton pad and gently wipe your teeth. After that, rinse your mouth with warm water for about a minute. Often this procedure is not recommended, otherwise you can ruin the tooth enamel.
- You can take burdock root and chopped bean peel, 1 tbsp each. l. All this is poured with boiling water and insisted for several hours. The resulting warm infusion should rinse your mouth three times a day until the plaque disappears completely.
- Another effective way is to make your own tooth powder. In this case, 2 tbsp. l. sea s alt and dried sage leaves spread onfoil and placed in an oven preheated to 200 degrees. After half an hour, the mixture is taken out, allowed to cool and crushed. The result is a wonderful tooth powder that should be used once a week.
Heavy smokers and strong coffee lovers can use toothpastes specially formulated for them that contain peroxides, abrasive particles or enzymes that contribute to a significant whitening of the enamel
Conclusion
Thus, if there is plaque on the teeth, the black color of which is alarming, it is best to consult a dentist. Such a pathology can be a sign of many serious diseases, so self-medication should never be done.
