Prostate diseases are not uncommon nowadays. According to statistics, a prostate cyst is diagnosed in every fifth representative of the stronger sex who consulted a doctor. The neoplasm is benign and does not pose a serious threat to he alth. However, in men, a prostate cyst significantly impairs the quality of life. It is necessary to consult a doctor at the first warning signs. The specialist will carry out diagnostic measures and prescribe the most effective treatment regimen, which may include both conservative and surgical methods.
Types and mechanism of development
Under the influence of any adverse factors, a cavity begins to form in the thickness of the prostate tissue. Gradually it fills with liquid. As a rule, the diameter of the prostate cyst is from 1 to 4 cm.cases, huge neoplasms can be recorded that can contain up to 1 liter of fluid.
The cyst itself is not painful. But as it grows, it begins to put pressure on nearby tissues, which is accompanied by the appearance of uncomfortable sensations. In addition, the process of development of other pathologies is launched. Most often in men with a prostate cyst, the process of urination is difficult and erection is weakened. During sexual intercourse, patients suffer from severe discomfort.
A cyst can be both congenital and acquired. The former account for 90% of cases. In other situations, the neoplasm is acquired in the process of life.
Cysts can also be single or multiple. In addition, they are classified into false and true. In the first case, we are talking about blockage of the prostate duct. It gradually expands, resulting in the formation of a cyst. A true neoplasm occurs against the background of the course of any pathological process.
Prostate cyst is always filled with fluid. If the pathological content is represented by pus, the neoplasm is inflammatory.
Reasons
Like prostate adenoma, prostate cyst is an extremely common pathology. And if the mechanism of its development is the same in all cases (violation of the secretion outflow and its accumulation), then there are many provoking factors.
The main causes of prostate cysts include the following diseases and conditions:
- Malignant neoplasms.
- Frequent and promiscuous sex or, conversely, lack of regularity in sexual life.
- Prostatitis.
- Long exposure to stress.
- Lifting heavy objects.
- Regular and vigorous exercise.
- Urolithiasis.
- Vibration. According to statistics, most often a prostate cyst in men is a consequence of long-term driving. Many doctors agree that this ailment is literally professional for drivers.
- Prostatic hyperplasia of a benign nature.
- A non-physical lifestyle
- Fibrosis of the prostate.
- Various injuries of the genital organs.
- Varicose veins in the pelvis.
In addition, in some cases, a cyst forms after a surgical intervention in the prostate.
Symptoms
If the size of the neoplasm is extremely small, it does not cause any concern to the man. As a rule, it is detected randomly during an ultrasound examination scheduled for another reason.
The severity of symptoms of prostate cysts in men directly depends on the size of the neoplasm and its location. In addition, the presence of concomitant diseases of the prostate gland plays an important role.
The first symptoms of a prostate cyst appear when it begins to grow in size and compress the urethra. ATIn this case, the man complains about the presence of the following conditions:
- Violation of potency.
- Retrograde ejaculation.
- The stream of urine during urination becomes weaker. In order to speed up its removal outside, you have to strain.
- Feeling uncomfortable while urinating.
- Pain during intercourse, aggravated by ejaculation.
- Feeling of incomplete bladder emptying.
- Feeling of discomfort in the perineum area.
- The body temperature is elevated to subfebrile values.
- Burning in the urethra.
- Frequent urge to urinate.
- Pain in the back. Often they also occur in the pelvic organs.
Regardless of the severity of symptoms, treatment of prostate cysts in men should not be delayed. This is due to the fact that the presence of a neoplasm can become a trigger for the development of many diseases.
Diagnosis
Clinical manifestations of the cyst are not specific. Similar symptoms also disturb with adenoma, inflammation and other pathologies of the gland. In this regard, the treatment of prostate cysts in men is prescribed only on the basis of the results of a comprehensive examination.
When the first warning signs appear, you should consult a urologist. During the reception, the doctor will conduct an initial diagnosis, which consists in questioning and examining the patient. The specialist needs to be given information about what symptomsworried about how long ago they appeared and how severe they are.
After that, the urologist will perform a digital rectal examination. If neoplasms, seals, nodules, etc. are found during palpation, the preliminary diagnosis will be considered confirmed. Such a study is informative only if the cyst is located on the surface of the prostate that faces the rectum. Otherwise, it may not be detected.
Based on the results of the primary diagnosis, the doctor issues a referral for a comprehensive study, including:
- Uroflowmetry. In the process of its implementation, the nature and speed of urination is determined. The doctor evaluates the pressure of the jet, he can also judge the difficulties that accompany the outflow of urine.
- Transrectal or transabdominal ultrasound. It is currently the most informative diagnostic method. The bladder must be full during the study period. In the presence of a cyst, the doctor fixes its location, size, structure and shape. TRUS is not performed in the presence of hemorrhoids, intestinal obstruction and anal fissures.
- MRI, CT. Highly informative diagnostic methods. As a rule, they are prescribed when receiving ambiguous ultrasound results, with suspicion of the development of tumors and circulatory disorders.
- Biopsy. A puncture is indicated in the case when a tumor was detected during the diagnostic process and it is necessary to establish its nature. A biopsy is also performed to examine the contents of the cyst in order toestablish the nature of the neoplasm.
- Urethrocystography. This is an x-ray method that involves taking a series of images after the introduction of a contrast agent, such as barium suspension, into the body.
In addition, the patient needs to donate blood, semen, urine and the secret secreted by the prostate gland for examination. These analyzes are necessary for differential diagnosis.
Based on the results of the studies received, the doctor draws up the most effective treatment regimen for prostate cysts. It can be carried out by both conservative and operational methods.
Drug therapy
It is important to understand that a neoplasm in many cases is the result of a disease. In this regard, first of all, it is necessary to get rid of the root cause. In the presence of an inflammatory process, it must be stopped. If the cause is the vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms, the infection must be destroyed. In other words, drugs for the treatment of prostate cysts are prescribed taking into account the individual he alth characteristics of each patient. The dosage regimen is also determined by the physician.
The general treatment regimen includes the following drugs:
- With analgesic effect. As a rule, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed.
- Antibiotics. Their reception is indicated in the case when the prostate cyst is infectious. The drug is prescribed taking into account the type of pathogen whose vital activity has becomethe cause of the neoplasm.
- Alpha-blockers. Against the background of their intake, there is an expansion of blood vessels, a decrease in blood pressure. In addition, the level of glucose in the liquid connective tissue decreases. With a cyst, alpha-blockers are prescribed to strengthen the muscles of the prostate and bladder. They are also indicated in the presence of a neoplasm that is infectious or inflammatory.
If the cyst is less than 5 mm, no treatment is required. A man needs to regularly donate blood for analysis and undergo TRUS. If it grows, the patient will be given appropriate treatment.
Surgery
In the presence of a large neoplasm, the doctor decides whether the operation is appropriate. It is also necessary to treat a prostate cyst surgically if it exerts pronounced pressure on nearby tissues. With the ineffectiveness of conservative methods, surgery is also indicated. The choice of technique directly depends on the localization of the cyst, its size. In addition, the doctor assesses the degree of its potential harm.
Currently, the removal of prostate cysts is most often carried out by a minimally invasive method - puncture. This intervention allows you to maximize the function of the prostate gland.
Puncture is performed under ultrasound guidance with a long thin needle. The purpose of the operation is to achieve a subsidence of the walls of the neoplasm with their subsequent fusion and scarring. To do this, the doctor through the needleinjects a special solution into the cyst - a sclerosant.
If a neoplasm provokes frequent episodes of relapses of a chronic disease, it grows or fills with purulent contents, its removal by the transurethral or transrectal method is indicated.
In some clinics, laser cyst enucleation and transurethral resection are performed. These types of surgery are not performed in the presence of abscess and prostate cancer.
Unconventional methods
It is important to understand that the treatment of prostate cysts with folk remedies does not eliminate the need to seek qualified medical help. This is due to the fact that with the help of non-traditional methods it is impossible to get rid of the root cause of the disease. In addition, some natural remedies weaken the effectiveness of medicines or completely neutralize their effect. The use of traditional medicine is permissible, but only after obtaining the permission of the attending physician.
Most Effective Recipes:
- Chop 200 g of burdock leaves as much as possible. In the process, juice should stand out from it. The resulting product pour 100 ml of vodka. Let it brew for a day. Then the remedy must be consumed daily for 1 tbsp. l. before each meal.
- Peel 15 walnuts. The latter must be transferred to a container. Then the shell must be poured with 0.5 liters of vodka. Let it brew for 7 days. Then the resulting remedy must be consumed daily for 1 tbsp. l. on an empty stomach.
- Mix rootsfield harrow, birch leaves and flax seeds. Take 3 tbsp. l. the resulting collection and pour them with 1 liter of boiling water. Let it brew for 2 hours. The resulting remedy must be taken three times a day, 100 ml each.
- Grind the bark of a young larch. Take 5 tbsp. l. and pour 1 liter of boiling water. Close container tightly. Let the product brew for 12 hours. Then it must be taken 4 to 5 times a day, 200 ml each. Every 2 weeks you need to take a break for 7 days.
The use of these prescriptions at the same time as taking medicines allows you to achieve positive dynamics in a shorter time.
Possible consequences
In most cases, a prostate cyst is easily amenable to conservative methods of therapy. Even in advanced cases, it can disappear after sclerosis. But if the problem is ignored, most patients develop serious consequences.
Prostate cyst is fraught with the following complications:
- Urine retention of an acute nature. The cavity of the neoplasm overlaps the lumen of the urinary canal.
- Deformation of the vessels of the prostate. They begin to squeeze, as a result of which blood circulation is disturbed. Against the background of the course of these pathological conditions, coronary artery disease of the prostate gland develops, followed by atrophy.
- Violation of the integrity of the cyst. If the neoplasm cavity opens on its own, its contents will fall on nearby tissues. The natural result is the developmentinflammatory process.
- Secondary infection. Threaten with abscesses and suppuration.
- Prostatitis. In the presence of a cyst, the risk of developing pathology increases significantly.
- Frequent episodes of pain in the groin and back.
- Calculation in the prostate.
- Infertility.
Extremely rare, but it also happens that a neoplasm degenerates into a malignant tumor.
Forecast and prevention
The outcome of the disease directly depends on the timeliness of the visit to the doctor. In most cases, the cyst responds successfully to conservative treatment methods. If they fail, surgery is indicated. But even in this case, the forecast is favorable.
If the problem is ignored, all sorts of complications gradually develop, which are not only difficult to treat, but also pose a he alth hazard.
To prevent the formation of a cyst, the following rules must be observed:
- Timely treat detected diseases, especially infectious ones.
- Try to avoid lifting very heavy objects. Most of the damage is caused by exercise with a full bladder.
- Avoid hypothermia.
- Empty your bladder in time. Ignoring urges for a long time is unacceptable.
- Do not abuse alcohol-containing drinks.
- Follow the principles of a he althy lifestyle.
In addition, every man aged 35 and over mustundergo a comprehensive examination annually. This allows you to identify any pathological process at an early stage of its development.
In closing
Prostate cyst is a benign neoplasm. In the early stages, it does not cause discomfort in men. As it grows, the first clinical manifestations appear. At this stage, it is necessary to contact a urologist as soon as possible. The specialist will conduct a comprehensive diagnosis and, based on its results, will draw up the most effective treatment regimen. It may include both conservative and surgical methods. Ignoring the problem leads to the development of all sorts of complications: prostatitis, infertility, urinary retention, etc.
