Let's think about how often a person in his life faced this or that abdominal discomfort? Lots of times, right? And how many times did you just not attach any importance to it? The answer to this question is quite obvious. This article describes cases in which abdominal pain occurs. The issue of gastritis, its consequences, how long the symptoms last during an attack of gastritis, as well as methods of dealing with them and treatment are also considered in detail.
Theory
As you know, the stomach is divided into zones - 4 quadrants (2 above and below). The quadrants are divided into areas: epigastric (epigastrium, right and left hypochondrium), mesogastric (perumbilical region, left and right side), hypogastric (suprapubic, right and left iliac). ATdepending on where the pain is localized, what is its intensity, nature and frequency of manifestations, one can judge a certain disease. This is what we will discuss in detail below.
Varieties of gastritis
Pain in the epigastric and mesogastric regions is a symptom of diseases such as gastritis, GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), duodenitis, gastroduodenitis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and (or) duodenal bulb. Less commonly, pain occurs with pancreatitis, cholecystitis, and cholelithiasis. Let us consider in more detail the diseases of the abdominal organs and the characteristics of pain in the acute period.
Acute gastritis
In acute gastritis, the pain is acute. They are often paroxysmal, intensify on an empty stomach. There is nausea, 1-2 times vomiting, stool disorders in the form of constipation. With gastritis with increased secretion of hydrochloric acid, heartburn, sour taste joins.
GERD
This disease is characterized by symptoms of gastritis, which are accompanied by a burning sensation in the throat, sore throat, hoarseness, belching with air, regurgitation of a small amount of food eaten. The pains are sharp, intense, piercing in nature. They can be both localized and spilled over the entire abdominal wall. It is important to note the fact that the pain intensifies in the evening and at night, as well as during fasting. Pain slightly decreases 5 minutes after eating. Patients vomit one to several times and are accompanied by nausea.
Important! If inred blood is found in the vomit, this is a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding. In this case, immediately call a medical team for hospitalization in a hospital.
Acute gastroduodenitis
In the acute period, the characteristics of pain are the same as in gastritis. Pain in these diseases has several localizations: epigastric, mesogastric, pain in the right hypochondrium. Pain in the right hypochondrium occurs with a disease such as cholelithiasis. It happens with cholecystitis, gastroduodenitis and duodenitis. In the acute period, the pain is pronounced, intense, paroxysmal in nature. At the same time, it is difficult for a person to find a comfortable position. The pain radiates to the lumbar, epigastric, mesogastric regions. It is often possible to note the irradiation of pain in the right arm, the neck area on the right. With blockage of the bile ducts, the skin changes color to icteric, the sclera of the eyes become icteric. With these symptoms, it is recommended to immediately consult a doctor. Symptoms such as repeated vomiting of bile are usually present.
Causes of gastritis
The main cause of gastritis in our time are eating disorders: fasting, eating spicy, sour food, eating in cafes and various eateries, lack of regimen. Another important cause of gastritis is the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. It is transmitted by contact from a sick person to a he althy person through saliva, cutlery and household appliances. From the above, the following can be doneconclusions: to avoid gastritis, follow a diet, eat rationally, use only high-quality, fresh products from trusted stores. I would like to emphasize the importance of cooking. Patients with gastritis should avoid large amounts of spices, spicy foods, fried and fatty foods.
Gastritis symptoms
The symptoms of gastritis are quite difficult to recognize due to the fact that many people, even with severe pain, try not to pay attention to it. Some take the onset of gastritis for simple indigestion. Manifestations of gastritis are very individual for each person, so it is impossible to single out the signs for sure. The symptoms themselves are divided depending on the types of the disease. Among the common signs, it is worth highlighting the appearance of an unpleasant taste in the mouth, nausea, dizziness, and impaired stool. In an acute attack of gastritis, the temperature can rise to 40 degrees, there are signs of nausea, as well as loose stools. In chronic gastritis, there are signs of constipation, loss of appetite, increased salivation and belching.
Consequences
Gastritis is not a dangerous disease, but it can lead to the following diseases:
- Acute pancreatitis. Pain in acute pancreatitis is constant and intense. It is important to note that the pain in pancreatitis is girdle and captures the epigastric region, the right and left hypochondrium, lower back. There is indomitable vomiting (vomiting "fountain"), not bringingrelief. There is also multiple mushy stools. Acute pancreatitis requires immediate medical attention. Sometimes doctors recommend hospitalization.
- Acute appendicitis. The development of symptoms in acute appendicitis is different. The first option is a gradually increasing pain in the epigastric region. After a short period of time, the pain sensation shifts to the right iliac region. The pain gradually becomes more intense, constant. It decreases slightly if you lie on your right side in the fetal position. Accompanied by symptoms of nausea, single vomiting, temperature rise to 37.5 degrees. The second option is a rapidly growing pain in the right iliac region. In any of these cases, self-medication should not be carried out. The only right decision would be to call an ambulance. Acute appendicitis requires surgical treatment
- Intestinal obstruction. Pain in intestinal obstruction is cramping. They can be either blunt or sharp. There is a delay in defecation for more than 3 days, there is no discharge of gases, increased flatulence is characteristic. Often there is nausea, vomiting, which later brings little relief to the patient. If you experience any of the above symptoms, seek immediate medical attention.
- Sigmoiditis. Pain during inflammation of the sigmoid colon is piercing, cramping in nature. Patients are worried about flatulence, nausea, vomiting, tenesmus (urge to defecate). In the stool, you can notice an admixture of mucus, blood. Sigmoiditis requires special attentionattention and treatment, because can be caused not only by functional disorders, but have an infectious etiology.
What to do with an attack of gastritis
At the first symptoms, you need to call the doctors, as well as provide first aid to the victim. How to relieve pain during an attack of gastritis? The first thing that torments the victim is bouts of pain in the abdomen. Among the medications, it is worth highlighting the enveloping groups of drugs that will help protect the walls of the stomach, as well as antispasmodics that will help avoid bouts of nausea. How to relieve an attack of gastritis at home? It is worth considering that sometimes this group of medicines may not be in our medicine cabinet. A glass of water in which a teaspoon of sugar and s alt is diluted can help restore the acid balance of the stomach. The taste is unpleasant, but it will help restore the acid-base balance.
Treatment
Treatment of gastritis attacks is aimed at eliminating the cause of this disease. In these cases, you need to visit a doctor and identify the cause. Among the drugs, several groups can be distinguished: antibiotics, enveloping agents, antisecretory, antispasmodics, as well as antiemetics that help relieve the first symptoms of an attack of gastritis.
Prevention of gastritis
Gastritis is an inflammation of the lining of the stomach wall. Gastritis is divided into two types: with increased or decreased secretion of hydrochloric acid. The symptoms of each are different. With gastritis with high acidity, heartburn predominates, pain in the areaepigastrium, belching with a sour taste, nausea, loss of appetite, constipation, rumbling in the stomach. With gastritis with low acidity, as a rule, there is a feeling of heaviness, belching with "rotten eggs". In this case, the pains are dull, aching in nature and the person has constipation.
Nutrition for gastritis
Food should be varied and he althy. You should not abuse alcohol and smoking. If possible, it is necessary to abandon bad habits and lead a he althy lifestyle. If one of the family members is found to have the Helicobacter pylori bacterium, it is recommended that everyone who lives with him undergo an examination. The patient needs to provide individual dishes and personal hygiene products. By following our recommendations, you will significantly reduce the risk of encountering a disease such as gastritis.
