Sinusitis - suppuration of the mucous membrane of the sinuses. The fluid in the sinuses during inflammation can be of three types: catarrhal, mucous or purulent. In the presence of sinusitis, the contents of a white tint will be visible in the picture in the sinuses of the nose (like milk in a glass vessel, this is the principle of determining the disease). But, unfortunately, it is impossible to find out from a photograph what the sinuses of the nasal cavity are filled with: mucus or pus. About what sinusitis looks like on an x-ray (see photo above), and what are the methods of dealing with the disease, you will learn from the article.
On the picture
In the images of the sinuses with sinusitis, they have the shape of an oval, normally the sinuses do not contain air, so you need to compare the shade of the oval formations with the shade of the eye sockets. Shades must match, and this is considered the norm. If the sinuses in the photo of the picture with sinusitis have a darker shade and have white contents, then this indicates that there is a pathology. Atsinus diseases may have crooked edges and thickened walls. This, of course, does not exactly mean that everything is reliable, you should not self-medicate at home. The pathology is determined independently by an x-ray image only for early diagnosis. For an accurate and reliable determination, you need to go to the doctor, take an x-ray from different angles, in order to calmly and accurately issue a conclusion that the patient suffers from sinusitis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is carried out on the basis of the patient's complaints of chills, photophobia or severe headache, concentrated in only one specific place. Such symptoms may be accompanied by an elevated body temperature, reaching 38 degrees, in addition, the patient may also complain about the smell of pus, which is felt constantly.
With all these complaints, the doctor first conducts an external primary examination, then supplements it with diagnostics using special medical equipment. Most often, for the most accurate diagnosis, an x-ray is performed, and not in one, but in three projections at once. With the help of diagnosing sinusitis on an x-ray, you can see in all details the areas where pus can accumulate and an inflammatory process occurs. The advantage of this diagnostic method is that no shadows from the pyramids of the temporal bones appear in the created projections, nothing prevents a detailed examination of the state of the maxillary sinuses.
Shots of the nose with sinusitis, made in different projections, help to identify the accumulation of pus or mucus, as well as the beginning of the inflammatory process. Ifthere is a need for accurate diagnosis of hard-to-reach places, then the doctor may prescribe computed tomography,
Medicated treatment
Sinusitis is characterized by quite pronounced symptoms (nasal congestion, headaches, fever), which gives a person significant discomfort. In addition, if drug therapy is not started in a timely manner, the disease can develop into a chronic form and cause severe complications.
Modern medical practice has in its arsenal a wide range of pharmacological preparations that are included in the treatment of sinusitis, which is indicated by spots in the picture. Actually, the medical treatment of sinusitis is conditionally divided into certain areas, which together help to get rid of this pathology.
Relieve symptoms and relieve breathing
For this, drugs of the group of adrenomimetics are used, which help relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa and contribute to the discharge of purulent secretions from the maxillary sinuses. The main substance of these drugs is xylometazoline or naphazoline, which are not recommended for more than 7-10 days. Among the most commonly prescribed drugs are the following:
- "Sanorin";
- "Nazivin";
- "Galazolin";
- "Evkazolin-Aqua".
To relieve swelling and wash out purulent contents, it is also used to wash the nose with special solutions, such as, for example,as "Miramistin", solution with sea s alt.
Taking antibiotics
Since sinusitis is an inflammatory disease with bacterial etiology, the main role in drug therapy is assigned to a group of antibiotics. To determine the optimal narrow-spectrum antibiotic, a thorough diagnosis is needed, which will help to accurately determine the type of pathogenic bacterium in order to act on it more specifically.
In the treatment of sinusitis, the following groups of antibiotics are the most effective:
- in the acute form of the course of the disease, "Amoxicillin", "Azithromycin" are used to achieve a quick effect;
- in case of insufficient effectiveness of the above drugs, fluoroquinolones ("Moxifloxacin", "Ofloxacin") and cephalosporins ("Cefazolin", "Cefodox");
- after surgery, as well as in case of contraindications of other groups, third-line antibiotics ("Fluimucil") are used.
In addition to the tablet form, antibiotics are used in the form of drops and sprays (Isofra, Polydex).
Corticosteroids
In addition to antibiotics, corticosteroids in the form of drops, which have an anti-inflammatory effect, are widely used in the treatment of sinusitis. This is:
- "Fluticasone" (and its analogues);
- "Nasonex".
Other remedies
In addition to the above medications, for sinusitis recommended for use are antihistamine (antiallergic) drugs, painkillers (analgesics, ibuprofen), agents that help thin purulent secretions (mucolytics), herbal preparations ("Sinupret", "Cinnabsin").
Folk treatment
The main options for folk home treatment of inflammation in the sinuses are phytotherapeutic: ointments, homemade drops, medicinal herbal teas, steam inhalations with herbal decoctions. In addition, physical methods help - sinus massage, breathing exercises, warming up (a slightly cooled boiled egg wrapped in a piece of cloth is applied to the maxillary sinuses) and washing the nose. Beekeeping products, herbal tinctures and essential oils are also used. Homemade ointments are local therapies. Their main functions are pain relief and removal of tissue edema, as well as regeneration of the affected nasal mucosa. Cotton swabs are impregnated with ointments and inserted into one or both nasal passages. The patient should lie with the head slightly thrown back. A roller is placed under the neck.
Here are some recipes:
- Stir 2 tbsp. l. aloe juice with 50 g of dioxidine ointment and 2-3 drops of mint oil.
- Combine honey, vegetable oil (sunflower, corn or olive) and onion or garlic. If the honey is thick, preheat in a water bath, add 1 tsp. onion juice orgarlic and 1 tbsp. l. selected oil.
- Take 1 tsp. onion juice, propolis, honey and aloe juice. Mix with Vishnevsky's pharmacy ointment. Apply warm.
- Mix equal amounts of propolis tincture, honey and onion juice. Heat in a water bath and add laundry soap. Cool and apply.
These products clean the affected sinuses well and draw pus out of them. You can also use nose drops of your own production. Sometimes pharmacy drops in the nose no longer help or cause allergies. For some, they are not available for financial reasons. But a good way out is to prepare nasal drops from ingredients that are at home.
Cyclamen
Houseplant with small roots and pink flowers. On its basis, the pharmaceutical drug "Sinuforte" is made. For a home remedy, you need the most useful part of the plant - the root, which can be found in the market or in a pharmacy. The root should be grated and the juice squeezed out. But be careful: cyclamen is a poisonous plant. Enough 1 tsp. juice in 200 ml of water. 2 drops are dripped into the nose daily in the morning or evening. Then you need to massage your sinuses and lie down with your head thrown back.
Treatment lasts a week. As a result, the sinuses are cleared, pus and mucus come out. If an allergic reaction occurs, the procedure should be discontinued. Important! It is forbidden to use drops from cyclamen in pregnant women.
Aloe juice
The effectiveness of aloe juice was confirmed by modernthe medicine. Therefore, it is the basis of many pharmaceutical preparations for severe sinusitis. Aloe will relieve swelling and congestion, eliminate inflammation, enhance the regeneration of damaged mucous membranes in the nose.
For aloe extract, you need to take only the lower leaves from a he althy plant of at least three years of age. You can simply drip an extract of aloe into the nose, 2 drops 3 times a day. Or prepare drops from 1 tbsp. l. aloe juice and onion juice.
Attention! May sting.
The next option is to prepare a mixture of aloe and Kalanchoe juices in equal proportions. Put 1 tsp in it. honey and a pinch of s alt. Drip 3 drops into the nostril 2 times a day. Kalanchoe can be replaced with celandine. So, there are many folk remedies for sinusitis and for every taste. Perfectly treat inflammation of the maxillary sinuses horseradish, aloe, honey, chamomile, s alt and more. At the same time, home remedies for purulent sinusitis do not exclude the use of industrial medicines.
