Every woman who has reached the age of 45 enters a difficult, critical period in her own life, which is called menopause (from the Greek klimax - “step, ladder”). Most people are sure that this staircase, which leads down, takes a woman away from the delights of a full and he althy life. But this is far from true. In this article, you can learn more about what a pathological menopause is, how to alleviate its symptoms, and much more.
General information
Climax is the age-related natural life period of both the beautiful half of the planet's population and the strong. In women, pathological menopause occurs, as a rule, within three to five years. Most of the time, it's quite dramatic and poignant.
In men, this process is observed at the age of about 50-60 years. They havepathological menopause is the least pronounced, sometimes it is completely invisible, although the period is the longest. It is expressed in the fact that the representatives of the strongest sex and women end the phase of sexual activity, after which the time comes for the transition to old age.
When does this happen?
Speaking of pathological menopause, it is customary to distinguish between early, physiological and late types of menopause. In most cases, the menopause for many women begins around the age of 45-47 years. Early onset of menopause is fixed at the age of 40 in women, and later, as a rule, after the age of 55.
The early pathological course of menopause is largely due to heredity, severe infectious diseases, problems of the endocrine glands, body features, difficult working and living conditions, and nervous shocks. It can also be caused by primary ovarian failure in women (late onset of the first menstruation, starting only at the age of 17-18).
A later pathological course of menopause is said in cases where a woman has crossed the 50-year mark, while she has regular periods. This process is observed in the fair sex with uterine fibroids.
Very serious problems arise in women who have uterine bleeding, which are associated with disruption of the ovaries and the formation of a corpus luteum in them.
Pathological menopause in women
The menopause is a very difficult time in the life of every representative of the beautiful half of humanity. But it has been noticed that ladies who perceive this time as a path to old age, the collapse of happiness and a catastrophe, endure pathological menopause much harder. In women, pain about the irreversibility of past years usually manifests itself in the form of nervous breakdowns and prolonged depression. The representatives of the weaker sex, who have a calm and balanced character, as well as good he alth, experience the coming changes much better, those who positively perceive such changes, calmly and easily look into their future, seeing new opportunities for self-improvement and development.
Causes and factors affecting the pathological course of menopause
Many ladies menopause proceeds quite smoothly, while not accompanied by painful phenomena. But with a late or prolonged menopause, dysfunctional disorders often appear, which are called "climacteric syndrome", which cannot be said about pathological menopause in men.
Climacteric syndrome is a pathological development of menopause. The degree, as well as the form of disorders that occur during the period of pathological menopause, according to the ICD-10 code of which is N95, depend on the state of he alth. They are very often observed in winter-spring time (in February-March). Most likely, this is due to hypovitaminosis, lack of sunlight, as well as general fatigue.
In parallel with the symptoms of pathological menopause during this period in the body of a womanhormonal restructuring is observed: with the attenuation of the cyclic function of the ovaries, the formation of estrogen, as well as progesterone, gradually decreases and stops. This pore is characterized by irregular, non-abundant menstruation with a gradual cessation.
Symptoms and signs
One of the most unpleasant signs of pathological menopause are hot flashes that can last from 30 seconds to 5-7 minutes. They can occur both during the day and at night. They are manifested by unpleasant sensations in the form of intense heat, which is localized in the upper half of the body, accompanied by reddening of the skin, first in the chest area, and then in the face and neck. After a few seconds, these flushes are replaced by a feeling of cold and profuse sweating. In most cases, hot flashes are a consequence of disorders of the nervous system, primarily the autonomic system, which regulates the functioning of the heart, digestive tract, blood vessels, endocrine glands, and genital organs. Severe hot flashes are the main cause of high blood pressure.
In parallel with this, another anomaly is also possible, which is very characteristic of the climacteric syndrome, which is too abundant and frequent uterine bleeding, leading to anemia in a woman. An imbalance of hormones can cause severe blood loss. However, the most serious causes of this pathology are also possible, which indicate the presence of an existing tumor or polyps in the uterus. In any situation, a woman must visit a gynecologist without fail, soas soon as the specialist after the examination is able to make the correct conclusion, and then prescribe, if necessary, appropriate treatment. How to treat pathological menopause will be discussed below.
Hormonal changes can have an unpleasant effect on the mammary glands, sometimes women feel painful tension in them, small nodules and lumps form in the breast, which then disappear, then form again. Their formation is another signal to visit a doctor. Only a specialist, after a thorough examination, will determine whether these formations are a tumor (a sign of mastopathy, as well as breast cancer) or arise due to a simple hormonal imbalance.
In addition to the fact that there are violations of hormones in pathological menopause, women often begin to complain of headaches, migraines and dizziness.
Very often during menopause in women there is a violation of the thyroid gland. And the consequences of this pathology are very unpleasant - increased heart rate, trembling hands, increased sweating.
In addition, regardless of age, with a pathological menopause in the body, metabolism is disturbed. And this in most cases leads to rapid and unexpected weight gain. Often a woman not only gets fat - her fatty subcutaneous tissue begins to be redistributed with a pathological menopause. The reason for this is the discrepancy between the amount of food consumed and the amount of energy expended, soas at the age approaching 50, the physical activity of ladies is significantly reduced, while nutrition remains unchanged. During menopause, it is imperative to reconsider your daily diet, reduce the intake of fats, as well as fast carbohydrates due to the increase in fiber and fresh vegetables. In very rare situations, instead of obesity, women experience a sharp weight loss, which also does not affect well-being in the best way. This also happens with early pathological menopause.
Consequences and danger
One of the very dangerous complications of menopause in women is osteoporosis, leading to leakage of calcium from the skeletal system. Slow calcium metabolism can lead not only to a decrease in bone mass, but also to increased tissue fragility, body deformity, changes in posture and the appearance of the so-called widow's hump.
What else can be dangerous in pathological menopause? The syndrome in many ladies provokes urogenital symptoms. The mucous membrane (especially the vagina, as well as the urinary tract) loses its elasticity, itching, burning, and discomfort during sexual intercourse. Many ladies suffer at the same time from painful and frequent urge to urinate. In addition, slight coughing, sneezing or laughing provokes involuntary urinary incontinence. This is due to the fact that the tone of the entire muscular system weakens, including the tone of the muscles on the bladder, which close the entrance to the urethra.
Intimate harmonious life during menopause in women,and also after it is quite real. Of course, the formation of sex hormones will decrease in a woman, which provokes the impossibility of conception, but you should not stop your sex life, because it will help you not to lower your own self-esteem, contribute to good he alth, and also make it possible to feel loved, desired.
But as the production of hormones decreases, the mucous membranes of the vagina become thinner, and this is the reason for the decrease in the natural moisture of the female genital organ. Therefore, in some cases, a woman may feel pain during intimacy. In order not to feel disharmony, it is necessary to apply lubricating creams. Their use will contribute to the normal hydration of the penis.
In some cases, the cause of disharmony in sexual life is the omission of the walls of the vagina. But this violation is quite curable, but this should be de alt with by a gynecologist. In addition, in no case should you start the disease, otherwise you will have to resort to surgical intervention.
As mentioned earlier, one of the most unpleasant symptoms of menopausal syndrome is considered to be a persistent increase in blood pressure. During this period, hypertension in most cases proceeds without symptoms, but vomiting, nausea, and dizziness may occur. That is why after the age of 50, women should keep their blood pressure under regular control. This will make them feel good.
Decrease in estrogen hormones will lead to the development of atherosclerosis, as well ascardiovascular diseases. Simultaneously with the emerging hot flashes, disturbances in the functions of the heart are observed.
In the first five years of such a restructuring of the female body in the skin, the level of collagen fibers decreases by 30%. But even such problems are completely solvable if you contact a specialist in time.
Also during menopause, there is a weakening of the muscle that changes the curvature of the lens of the eye, and this causes senile farsightedness. The advice of an optometrist who will give you a prescription for glasses will help you cope with the problem.
Features of treatment
Women during menopause need to have a preventive examination by a specialist at least twice every six months, since very serious gynecological ailments may develop.
With severe dryness in the vagina, a specialist prescribes hormonal treatment. It has a positive effect not only on the symptoms associated with menopause, but also on the general well-being of a woman. Taking estrogen will help prevent the development of osteoporosis, prevent the formation of vascular and other rather dangerous ailments, in which exacerbation is observed specifically during the menopause.
The use of estrogen and progestogen hormones is carried out separately or in combination. Nowadays, subcutaneous administration of hormonal preparations is used, which increases the duration of their exposure to six months. In case of a decrease in sexual desire, an additional subcutaneous stitching of the testosterone hormone is prescribed.
Estrogen treatment during menopause will give a positive effect, but such therapy should not be abused, since long-term use of hormonal drugs can provoke side effects and even contribute to the development of oncological tumors. Therefore, it is recommended that they be taken no longer than two years.
It's not uncommon for patients who experience nutritional deficiencies to become exhausted by the adrenal glands. That is why in the morning they feel tired, and in the evening they cannot fall asleep for a long time. Vitamins can stabilize the adrenal glands: B3 (pantothenic acid), B12 (cobalamin), B2 (riboflavin) and B9 (folic acid).
Vitamin E is able to prevent the destruction of sex hormones in women, and therefore they are allowed to replace estrogen hormone therapy. If you take about 100-200 mg of vitamin E every day, you can prevent night sweats, hot flashes and other manifestations of menopause. In addition, vitamin C and zinc stimulate the production of sex hormones.
To strengthen teeth and bones, it is necessary that the female body can optimally absorb calcium, preferably the one that it receives from natural food products, using about one liter of fermented milk products per day for this. During menopause, it is useful to include in the diet products such as lactate, vitamin D (1000 IU / day), calcium citrate (1000 mg / day), magnesium (500 mg / day).
Folk remedies
Ease the course of menopause, alleviate painful manifestations will helpmany medicinal herbs that have an analgesic effect and have the ability to calm a woman's nervous system. These include: lemon balm, valerian, hawthorn, St. John's wort, peppermint, lure, cuff, motherwort, sage.
Knowing the characteristics of a number of plants, you can make very effective fees that help ladies feel much more comfortable during a difficult period.
Water treatments are an excellent way to relieve muscle tension. Their periodic intake will improve muscle tone, normalize blood circulation, and also regulate the functions of the nervous system. Warm baths are very helpful. With pathological menopause, essential oils in the bath soothe, promote good sleep, and relieve fatigue. If you add aromatic healing herbs, then the immersion will give a double effect - both relaxing and invigorating. All this will positively affect the well-being of a woman. Water procedures with the use of medicinal plants will have a fairly effective effect on the body, as well as all kinds of herbal drinks that are taken orally.
Recommendations
A woman is in menopause for quite a long period of her life. At this time, there is a gradual decrease in the content in her body of estrogen, a hormone that is sometimes called the hormone of youth. It is no coincidence that estrogen received this name, since it is he who is responsible for the blood supply to the skin, ensuring its elasticity and moisture. In the case of a decrease in the estrogen content in the female body, for example, withthe onset of menopause, age-related changes are subject not only to the skin, but to the whole organism as a whole. Often, the onset of this period in a woman's life is accompanied by unpleasant psychological experiences or even depression. Women become physically less active. The burden of everyday worries, workloads that seemed trivial some time ago, now present a sometimes insurmountable problem.
It is not surprising that many women begin to perceive the symptoms of menopause as a manifestation of a disease and treat this non-existent disease.
There really is no need to panic. Menopause is a natural age process.
If your work does not allow you to fulfill yourself and you are not ready to plunge into it with your head, then it is recommended to find yourself some kind of hobby, something that would be exciting and interesting for you. Try to change your habitual sedentary lifestyle in favor of increasing physical activity: join the pool, fitness, landscaping the garden.
You need to get rid of bad habits such as drinking, smoking, overeating, excessive TV watching, long hours of phone calls with friends or aimless browsing on the Internet.
In addition to a dosed increase in physical activity, maintaining a high level of intellectual activity plays an important role. Often, among the symptoms of menopause, memory impairment is noted. Oftenthis is not so much due to changes in the hormonal background, but due to the lack of attention and memory training. So, you need to read more, count in your mind, if only the slightest opportunity presents itself, solve puzzles and charades.
It is good to start taking natural medicines, they will help restore the balance in your body in a natural way.
Conclusion
The main thing in the period of pathological menopause is not to lose your presence of mind: remember that age is what it is. You should not try to turn back the clock, and then many problems will bypass you!
