Callous ulcer or callus is a pathological condition of the gastric mucosa, outwardly resembling a large hole 3-4 cm deep. It is one of the most common and dangerous diseases of the stomach and intestines. A callused ulcer has a smooth bottom of a light color, there are seals along the edges. In appearance, it is very similar to a malignant tumor. It is not uncommon for an ulcer to penetrate deep into the organ with which it comes into contact. Therefore, an adjacent organ, for example, the liver, can serve as its bottom. This manifestation of the disease makes the callus ulcer similar to penetrating (penetrating).
Calleus and penetrating ulcer: similarities and differences
A ulcerative wound with dense edges is formed on the wall of the stomach, due to the scarring process. Often, even after the appearance of scarring, the ulcer continues to progress. The penetrating or penetrating form of the disease proceeds with possiblebleeding, while spreading to adjacent organs. Large gastric ulcers occur as callous and at the same time penetrating, with a pronounced pain syndrome. When diagnosing a disease, it is necessary to take into account the fact that two seemingly different diseases can proceed as one. Therefore, the patient is assigned an extensive comprehensive study to confirm the diagnosis.
Causes of callous ulcer
Calleous ulcer can occur for the following reasons:
- Unstable functioning of the nervous system, causing an increase in acidity.
- Infectious or purulent diseases.
- Nutritional deficiency, prolonged starvation. Due to the long absence of food, the secreted gastric juice eats the walls of the stomach.
- Ingestion of potent chemicals into the stomach cavity, causing severe poisoning. Hazardous substances, getting inside the body, cause damage to the gastric mucosa. Even a small amount of chemicals, in contact with the walls of the stomach, corrodes its epithelium, leading to deep ulcers. Scarring of affected tissues may take a long time or not occur at all.
- Infection of the body with Helicobacter pylori infection. Reacting with gastric juice, bacteria release ammonia, which corrodes the walls of the organ very strongly.
- Excessive and uncontrolled use of anti-inflammatory drugs. For example, "Aspirin" does not allow cells to recover and leads to the formation of non-healing ulcers.
The formation of an ulcer begins with the hydrochloric acid produced by the stomach itself, due to a weak mucosa, begins to destroy the cell membrane. After the destruction of the mucosal cells, the submucosal cells are next. According to scientists, in 40% of cases, a callous ulcer of the rectum and stomach develops under the influence of Helicobacter pylori bacteria, which are able to survive in hydrochloric acid.
Diagnosis of disease
To make the correct diagnosis, the patient is assigned a comprehensive examination and testing. The patient is assigned to carry out all the necessary diagnostic procedures, such as:
- X-ray.
- Magnetic resonance imaging.
- Biopsy (to rule out malignancy).
- Fibrogastroduodenoscopy.
The results of the study allow the attending physician to prescribe an effective treatment.
Stomach ulcer: symptoms and treatment
Symptoms are most often associated with eating. As a rule, within a few minutes after a snack, a stabbing pain in the abdomen may occur, sometimes the pain radiates to the spine. There are cases when the disease proceeded absolutely asymptomatically and only in the later stages was detected due to the onset of bleeding.
The disease does not have a seasonal manifestation, so pain can occur at any time. This is due to the fact that a scar is formed at the site of the ulcer, consisting of connective tissue, and it is he who does notallows the gastric mucosa to recover, causing severe pain attacks.
Callous ulcer is characterized by the following manifestations:
- Severe pain attacks in the stomach and duodenum.
- Anemia.
- Digestive problems.
- Metabolic disorders.
To reduce pain after eating, you can eat fermented milk products.
However, this disease can cause other symptoms:
- Intestinal disorders (diarrhea or constipation).
- Persistent nausea.
- Sour burp.
- Increased gas formation.
- Heartburn.
Surgery for a progressive ulcer
Calleous ulcer of the stomach is treated only by surgery. The affected tissue is treated with a special laser, thus causing cell regeneration. Also during the operation, it is possible to suture the ulcer, its excision based on indications. Further, the patient is prescribed a complex drug treatment aimed at restoring the functions of the stomach and intestines. For treatment, drugs are used that promote the rapid regeneration of damaged areas.
The operation is carried out due to the fact that there is a high probability of the ulcer degenerating into cancer. As a rule, in 95-98% of cases a positive result is achieved after surgery.
Diet for callous ulcer
In order to prevent a recurrence of the development of the disease or to prevent an attack, it is necessary to adhere to a certain diet. It is necessary to exclude from the diet:
- Any semi-finished products.
- Smoked products.
- Sweet.
- Flour.
- Spicy and s alty dishes.
- Canned food.
In the presence of the disease, even if it is in remission, it is recommended to eat:
- Kylomilk and dairy products.
- Porridge.
- Low-fat broths and soups.
- Meat steamed.
- Sea fish.
- Vegetables, except cabbage.
If you follow the doctor's recommendations, use medicines in a timely manner and eat he althy foods, it is possible to achieve a long-term remission, especially in the early stages of the disease.
Prevention of disease development
To avoid recurrence, the patient should strictly adhere to certain rules:
- Stay on the prescribed diet.
- Quit bad habits (smoking)
- Stop drinking alcohol.
- Avoid stressful situations.
- Use herbal sedatives.
- Regulate sleep patterns.
If a person first encounters pain in the stomach or intestines, in no case should you self-medicate in order to prevent the development of chronic diseases. If you suspect a gastrointestinal disease, you should consult a doctor to prescribe the necessary tests. When diagnosing a stomach ulcer, symptoms and treatmentwill differ depending on the specific type of disease.
