The mildest, according to many, the disease of rhinitis (runny nose) also has its own characteristics and specifics of the course. In some people, a runny nose goes away in a week, in others it lingers, in others it is complicated by sinusitis or other ENT pathologies. If by 6-8 days in adults and children, instead of a significant improvement in well-being and a decrease in the amount of mucus from the nose, yellow-greenish snot of a viscous consistency is traced, purulent rhinitis is diagnosed - a disease associated with antibacterial inflammation and requiring a more painstaking approach to cure.
Reasons
Rhinitis with purulent discharge most often appears after the virus enters the human body, and pus is formed as a result of infection in pathogenic microflora. The main causes of purulent rhinitis include:
- harmful conditions at work or at home;
- prolonged stay in the cold;
- SARS or influenza with complications;
- compromised immunity.
Sometimes mucopurulentA runny nose can also appear with more severe infections, typhoid, scarlet fever, measles, diphtheria, and is possible with syphilis or gonorrhea.
A person has a lot of bacteria in the nasal mucosa that can multiply rapidly and cause major bacterial inflammation. These microbes include:
- staph;
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- streptococcus;
- pneumococcus and others.
Leukocytes rush to edematous places and absorb bacteria there, while they themselves die, resulting in a yellow-green purulent mass.
Rarer causes of purulent rhinitis include:
- hormonal failure;
- vascular and heart diseases;
- cysts and papillomas in the nasal cavity;
- frequent use of vasoconstrictors;
- taking blood thinners;
- weak capillaries in the nose that burst if you blow your nose too hard.
Signs and symptoms
The causes of purulent rhinitis (rhinitis) are quite diverse (from viral infections of various origins, colds to banal hypothermia). With all this, the signs and symptoms are always identical. Consider the most characteristic signs that are easily diagnosed, namely:
- The most important sign of purulent rhinitis in the earliest stages is nasal congestion. At the same time, shethe consistency of discharge from the nose changes from clear to purulent yellowish or greenish in color (sometimes with blood).
- Nasal discharge accompanied by sensations of discomfort in the nose (burning, tickling).
- Difficulty breathing due to nasal congestion, while the sense of smell is sharply reduced or disappears altogether.
- During the period of exacerbation, there is active sneezing, lacrimation.
- With a purulent runny nose, there are also symptoms of general malaise, characteristic of a common cold or flu. For example, a headache, chills, intense sweating, a feeling of weakness are recorded.
- In addition to general signs, there are specific symptoms such as a feeling of heaviness in the nose, an unpleasant smell from the nasal cavity, wings of the nose and upper lip swell and peel.
- Separately, one should dwell on the symptoms of purulent rhinitis in young children and infants. Anxiety and anxiety in parents should be caused by such signs as the inability to suck on the mother's breast, shallow frequent breathing through the mouth, sleep disturbances, the child is naughty and behaves restlessly, fever, weight loss.
If treatment is not started on time, the headache may increase, there are signs of fever, breathing becomes shallow. The chronic form can lead to a change (deformation) of the nose, lips, voice change.
How to treat a purulent runny nose in an adult and a child
The presence of such a disease as rhinitis gives a lot of discomfort to any person. Therefore, in order to avoidthe flow of pathology into a chronic form, it is very important to start drug therapy in time. The treatment of purulent rhinitis itself is divided into several types, depending on which symptom of the disease you want to get rid of.
Drops and sprays
To relieve swelling, restore breathing (passability of the sinuses), vasoconstrictor drugs (drops, sprays) based on xylometazoline, mezaton or naphazoline are prescribed. These drugs are perhaps the most common and widely used, but they should not be used for more than seven days, since an overdose can lead to addiction and irreversible deformations of the nasal mucosa (growth, tissue necrosis). Among the most famous are the following:
- "Naphthyzinum".
- "Farmazolin".
- "Xilen".
- "Vibrocil".
Such drugs usually have a lot of analogues and are quite widely represented in pharmacy chains.
Anti-inflammatory and antihistamines
If the use of the above drops did not completely relieve the swelling of the nasal sinuses, then in addition to facilitate breathing, anti-inflammatory and antihistamine drugs are also used, such as Nise, Nurofen, Desloratadine, Zirtek, Diazolin and analogues.
Vasoconstrictor
Applicationvasoconstrictor drops for the treatment of purulent rhinitis in a child inevitably leads to drying of the nasal mucosa, therefore, in this case, drops and sprays based on eucalyptus oil are shown, for example:
- "Pinosol".
- "Sanorin".
- "Eucabol".
In addition to vasoconstrictor drops, a drug such as "Sinupret" is recommended (available in tablets and drops for internal consumption). It contains medicinal herbs, thanks to which it has a strengthening effect on the immune system and at the same time has a vasoconstrictive effect, improves patency in the sinuses.
Antibacterial
The acute stage of purulent rhinitis (fever, increased discharge from the nasal sinuses, signs of intoxication) requires the use of antibiotic therapy. As a rule, drugs of the penicillin group are prescribed:
- "Flemoxin".
- "Flemoklav".
- "Amoxiclav".
- "Amoxicillin".
However, in some cases, the patient may be allergic to penicillin, then macrolide antibiotics are prescribed:
- "Erythromycin".
- "Azithromycin".
- "Rovamycin".
In addition, antibiotics can be replaced with other antimicrobials containing sulfonamides.
If purulent rhinitis is not in an acute stage, the symptoms are not bright, then it is possible to useantibacterial and antiseptic preparations in the form of drops and sprays, such as, for example, "Tsiprolet", "Isofra", "Miramistin", "Polydex".
In addition to, so to speak, "heavy artillery" in the form of both anti-inflammatory and antibacterial courses for the treatment of purulent rhinitis in a child, the attending physician recommends washing the sinuses with various solutions and medical preparations based on sea s alt. An approximate scheme for such treatment is as follows:
- carefully rinsed nose with saline solution;
- to improve the outflow of mucus, the medical drug "Rinofluimucil" is injected;
- after a couple of minutes, the nose is washed again with isotonic saline; followed by a thorough blowing of the nose;
- at the end of the procedure, either an antibiotic or another antiseptic is instilled into the nose.
Folk treatment
Pus is the main sign of increased bacterial activity. The main tasks of therapy with folk remedies for purulent rhinitis are as follows:
- Destruction of pathogenic microflora.
- Ensuring the removal of the maximum amount of pus. Otherwise, the mucus will lead to the development of sinusitis, sinusitis and other unpleasant complications.
- It is also necessary to prevent drying of the mucous membrane and the formation of crusts in the nose.
Best Recipes
The most harmless and fairly effective method is the use of acupressure. Its essence isimpact on points located slightly below the bridge of the nose. They must be massaged for one minute in a circular motion.
You can use the following folk methods if you are not allergic to the main components:
- After pouring a tablespoon of St. John's wort into a glass, you need to pour boiling water over it and insist for two hours. Ready infusion is necessary to rinse the nose up to three times a day.
- Having squeezed the juices from beets and carrots, they must be combined in equal proportions. The recommended dosage of the medicine is six drops five times a day.
- You can put a little menthol oil on the wings of the nose. This will reduce swelling and discharge.
- Another option is to put a bean-sized piece of honey in each nasal passage. After that, you need to lie down a bit, throwing your head back so that the honey melts and gets into the nasopharynx. The procedure should be carried out one hour before bedtime.
- Mixing a little onion juice and peach oil in equal proportions, you need to drip three drops of the finished mixture four times a day.
Nose rinse
You can also treat this disease with nasal lavages. For this purpose, it is recommended to use a small vessel with a spout, such as a rubber bulb, a syringe without a needle, or a miniature watering can. There are various options for such a procedure:
- Drawing in liquid through the nose.
- Flushing from one affected nostril to the other.
- Another method is from the sinus to the mouth.
During flushing, tilt your head so that one nostril is higheranother. First you need to pour the solution into one nostril (so that it flows out of the other), and then you need to repeat the procedure for the other nostril. After completing the procedure, you should blow your nose to remove the remaining solution from the nostrils.
The most common recipe is the use of saline. To do this, dissolve a little rock or sea s alt in water. The proportion must be selected taking into account the condition of the mucous membrane. Doctors recommend using proportions - one teaspoon of s alt per glass of water.
Another option is washing with iodine, soda and s alt. This method is recommended for use in purulent rhinitis, when the nose is very stuffy. Add a teaspoon of s alt and a few drops of iodine to one glass of water.
In a similar way, you can wash your nose three times a day. The procedure is recommended to be carried out for a maximum of three days. Then you can use just s alted water without soda.
Flushing with chamomile solution
For those who do not know how to cure a purulent runny nose, the following recipe will help. Alternatively, you can rinse your nose with a solution of chamomile. A decoction for such a procedure is prepared in the following way: you need to prepare one tablespoon of medicinal chamomile flowers and place them in a small saucepan. The broth must be poured with a glass of cool water. After putting the mixture on the fire, you need to wait until it boils. After removing the finished broth from the heat, you should cover it with a lid and insist for 30 minutes.
The prepared product must be filtered. To enhance the therapeutic effect, you should add a little soda to the finished broth orsea s alt. Chamomile is perfect for making a decoction. Alternatively, you can assemble it yourself - this must be done outside the city, in an area remote from enterprises.
Camomile, collected by hand, needs to be sorted out and cleaned from the roots. After that, it should be dried in a cool and dry place. For example, in the attic. This herb is recommended to be stored in a bag.
Treatment of Kalanchoe
Another common way is therapy with remedies such as aloe, thuja, garlic water and kalanchoe. For such procedures, you can use only freshly squeezed juice. Aloe must be diluted with water in equal proportions. When using Kalanchoe juice, it is not necessary to dilute it. Two drops of this remedy should be instilled three times a day. It is important to remember that with a purulent rhinitis, procedures such as warming up the sinuses and inhalation should not be carried out. Otherwise, the pus will get into other organs, which will lead to dangerous complications, such as frontal sinusitis or meningitis.
The use of folk remedies is recommended to be agreed with your doctor. This will help prevent unexpected complications. After all, a purulent runny nose can occur for various reasons.
