A large number of people suffer from inflammation of the stomach, which is also called gastritis. Often this disease does not last too long, since the mucous membrane of the organ is able to recover, leading the person to a speedy recovery. Pathology can be acute and chronic. If inflammation of the stomach occurs along with other infectious diseases, gastritis becomes acute, in which the epithelium of the stomach is affected. Research with such a disease is not always possible to conduct on time. Consider what is gastritis, symptoms and treatment. The diet prescribed for this pathology will also be considered.
What causes gastritis?
The inflammatory process of the stomach occurs when its mucosa is damaged, and it depends on the following reasons:
- eating poor quality food, malnutrition, eating hastily;
- sick teeth;
- lack of protein and vitamins, due to which the production of gastric secretion is significantly reduced;
- bad habits;
- long receptionmedicines;
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- violation of the intestinal microflora, exposure to pathogenic microorganisms and viruses.
But the main cause of gastritis is the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which is found in 85% of reported cases. Also, a violation of the normal functions of the human immune system leads to the appearance of pathology, as a result of which the body begins to produce substances that cause damage to the stomach. This autoimmune form of gastritis is characterized by a low content of hemoglobin in the blood.
Symptoms of the acute form of the disease
Acute inflammation of the stomach always occurs unexpectedly, and this leads to damage to the body by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, as well as overeating, eating harmful foods, allergies to certain foods, and nervous disorders. A pathology of this form manifests itself as follows:
- high temperature;
- unpleasant belching accompanied by halitosis;
- vomiting undigested food, often mixed with blood;
- headache and severe dizziness;
- pain in the epigastrium;
- heaviness in the stomach;
- a white coating forms on the tongue;
- heavy salivation or excessive dryness;
- diarrhea, constipation, flatulence;
- weakness, loss of appetite.
Types of acute gastritis
Simple - develops when stale food contaminated withpathogenic microbes (food poisoning), with allergies to any food product, if the gastric mucosa is damaged by many drugs. With this type of gastritis, only the surface layer of the mucous membrane is destroyed, and as soon as the action of the irritating factor stops, it quickly recovers.
Erosive - develops with a chemical burn of the gastric mucosa with alkalis or concentrated acid. In this case, not only the superficial, but also the deep layers of the mucous membrane are destroyed, subsequently provoking the occurrence of peptic ulcer or scarring.
Phlegmonous - is a purulent inflammation of the walls of the stomach, which can develop due to the ingress of any foreign object into them, such as a fish bone, as a result of which infection with a pyogenic infection occurs in this area. This type of gastritis occurs with high fever and severe pain in the subcutaneous region. In this case, urgent surgical intervention is required, without which there is a high risk of peritonitis, ending in the death of the patient.
Fibrinous - occurs extremely rarely on the background of sepsis.
If the right treatment is prescribed, acute gastritis lasts for about a week.
Chronic inflammation of the stomach: symptoms
The transition from an acute form to a chronic one occurs due to frequent relapses of the disease, poor-quality treatment, and prolonged exposure to irritating factors on the mucous membrane. This pathology can lead to anemia.
Chronic inflammationstomach manifests as follows:
- bad taste in mouth;
- appearance of aching pain and heaviness in the upper part of the stomach;
- burping and heartburn;
- constipation;
- lack of appetite.
These symptoms may not occur in the chronic form.
This inflammation of the stomach can be accompanied by increased and decreased acidity. In the first case, severe belching, heartburn, halitosis are observed. With a low level of acidity, the patient begins to feel very sick, there is a strong gas formation. The patient begins to lose weight dramatically, his hair and nails break, the skin becomes excessively dry.
Diagnosis
The disease is diagnosed using tests such as:
- gastroscopy - examination of the gastric mucosa with special equipment;
- biopsy;
- study of gastric juice in the laboratory;
- analysis of feces, blood.
During the diagnosis, the specialist must establish the true cause of the disease. Further therapy will depend on this.
Basics of treatment
If you have gastritis (inflammation of the stomach), you should consult a doctor who will prescribe the correct treatment. It should be complex with the simultaneous intake of the necessary medications, with a diet and a full regimen.
The duration of treatment depends on the nature of the course of the disease and the presence of concomitant diseases of the body and averages 3-4weeks when using medication.
Medication use
The doctor prescribes medications for the treatment of gastritis, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient's body and the causes of this disease.
Since the pathology develops mainly due to the penetration of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori into the cavity of the stomach, treatment should be carried out with the help of antibacterial agents with a wide spectrum of action, in combination with antacids that help protect the mucous membrane.
Main medicines used for gastritis:
- enveloping - "Phosphalugel", "Almagel", "Gastal", "Maalox";
- antibiotics - Furazolidone, Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, Metronidazole, Amoxiclav;
- means to reduce the acidity of gastric juice - "Ranitidine", "Omeprazole", "Omez";
- antispasmodics and painkillers - "Platifillin", "No-shpa", "Metacin", "Pentalgin";
- gastroprotectors that protect the gastric mucosa from the effects of hydrochloric acid - Bismuth, De-nol, Venter;
- enzymes that improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract - "Festal", "Pancreatin", "Mezim", "Gastal", "Pangrol";
- hormones needed for additional stomach protection;
- If severe nausea and vomiting occur, Cerucal or Metoclopramide should be taken.
Diet
Inflammation of the stomach is treated not only with drugs. Must adhere tospecial diet.
With gastritis, you should definitely exclude fried, s alty foods, fatty meats, smoked meats, sour fruits, rich broths. Food should be prepared without the use of large amounts of s alt and spices. It is recommended every day to use porridge from various cereals, boiled meat, boiled fish, low-fat broth, jelly.
Diet for such a disease should be a specialist. Nutrition depending on the acidity of the stomach should be different. If it is elevated, you need to eat foods that help reduce the production of hydrochloric acid. These can be milk soups, steamed or stewed vegetables, juices from sweet fruits. With low acidity, foods such as lean meat, rice, sour-milk products are recommended.
The patient should eat small meals up to 6 times a day.
Treatment of the disease by folk methods
Traditional treatment of gastritis can be supplemented with traditional medicine. But before using them, you should consult a doctor.
You can use green apples, which are peeled, crushed and eaten. It is recommended to do this a few hours before meals, so it is best to use healing gruel in the morning. During the first month, apples are taken every day, in the second - 3 times a week, in the third, one dose in 7 days will be enough.
Inflammation of the stomach helps to remove a decoction of oats. For thisit is necessary to bring 5 liters of sour milk to a boil. The curd is separated from the whey, in which the oats are then boiled for three hours. As soon as the broth has cooled, it is filtered, and the oats are thrown away. 300 g of honey, 125 g of alcohol are added to the drink and put in the refrigerator. It is recommended to use it 3 times a day, 30 g 15 minutes before meals.
Thanks to freshly squeezed potato juice, the acidity of the stomach is significantly reduced, and cabbage juice eliminates pain and has a wound healing effect.
In addition, inflammation of the mucosa is well treated with medicinal plants and herbal preparations, which are selected depending on the acidity of the stomach.
Prevention
Inflammation of the stomach lining can be prevented by taking preventive measures:
- give up all bad habits;
- avoid psycho-emotional and stressful situations;
- keep proper nutrition;
- exercise and exercise regularly.
Such prevention remarkably saves not only from inflammation of the stomach, but also from many other diseases.
Conclusion
Thus, we found out what gastritis is, symptoms and treatment. Diet also helps to cope with the inflammatory process. To detect this disease at an early stage, it is necessary to undergo a medical examination 1-2 times a year, and also be sure to consult a gastroenterologist.
