Every year the number of allergy sufferers in the world is increasing. In an effort to provide comfort and normal life for people with hypersensitivity to certain products, pharmaceutical companies produce anti-allergy drugs. So, for example, the drug "Desal" is a highly effective antihistamine, it is approved for use by adults and children, it has practically no contraindications and side effects.
Why is Desal called an antihistamine?
According to the instructions for the use of Desal syrup, its main advantage is the ability to block H1 receptors that trap histamine. This helps prevent an allergy attack or reduce the activity of its spread.
The main active ingredient is desloratadine. Additionally, the composition contains auxiliary components that do not harm the body.
According to reviews and instructions for use, the drug "Desal" does not produce a sedative effect, which means it is suitable for people who lead an active lifestyle or are involved in complex tasks that require the maximum concentration of the performer. In modern pharmacies, the drug can be found in the following forms:
- pills;
- syrup.
Pharmacokinetics: absorption and distribution
Acceptance of the drug in the form of a solution is the same as that of the drug in tablet form, the content of the active substance is similar.
After oral administration, the active ingredient is qualitatively absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. In blood plasma, it can be determined after half an hour or an hour. The maximum concentration is reached after 3 hours. Bioavailability is determined by the amount of dose taken between 5 and 20 milligrams.
Communication with blood proteins ranges from 85-90%. The average course of treatment is 14 days. The degree of accumulation of desloratadine is directly dependent on the value of the half-life and frequency of use. When studying the dose calculated for a single dose (7.5 milligrams), there was no effect of food on the distribution of the active substance. The drug does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier.
Metabolism and excretion
It is not a paralyzer of CYP2D6 isoenzymes in vitro and CYP3A4 in vivo and is not an inhibitor or substrate of P-glycoprotein. It is intensively distributed in the liver by hydroxylation with the production of 3-hydroxydesloratadine, which is subsequently glucuronized.
According to the instructions for use of the drug "Desal" (syrup), the thermal phase of the half-life is from 27 to 30 hours. No more than 2% of the active substance is excreted by the kidneys, a little more through the intestines - 7%.
Why is Desal so popular?
The antihistamine drug enjoys wide popularity and demand among the population of different ages and social status due to its record speed of action. The patient will feel a qualitative result within half an hour after taking the first dose. The medicine tastes good and is well tolerated by most allergy sufferers. If you study the price reviews and instructions for using the Desal syrup, you can understand that the democratic cost harmoniously coexists with the excellent quality of pharmaceutical products. By the way, taking the drug, you can not adhere to the diet. The substance does not penetrate through the BBB barrier, therefore, it does not irritate or, on the contrary, inhibit the nervous system.
Indications for use
Specialists in the field of allergology prescribe the described drug in the following cases:
- Rhinitis due to hypersensitivity.
- Urticaria of varying severity.
Cost -important condition
Reviews about the instructions for use and the price of Desal are encouraging. To purchase a medicine, in different regions of the Russian Federation, you will have to pay from 200 to 300 rubles. If you order it in one of the many online pharmacies, the price will drop even more.
If we draw an analogy with other antihistamines, we can safely conclude that Desal is one of the most affordable.
After evaluating the list of advantages of the drug, we can conclude that getting rid of allergies with it will be quick, comfortable and favorable.
Recommendations for use and dosage
Description and instructions for using the Desal solution say that it should be taken orally, regardless of food intake.
Adults and adolescents are usually prescribed 5 mg or 10 ml of solution throughout the day.
Children of school age (6-12 years old) should consume 2.5 mg or 5 ml throughout the day.
Babies under five years of age can only take 1.25 mg or 2.5 ml throughout the day.
In the treatment of intermittent (seasonal) allergic rhinitis, when its symptoms appear at least four times a year or last four days or more, the patient's medical history and characteristics of his body should be taken into account. When the main symptoms of hypersensitivity have disappeared, the drug should be discontinued, with the development of repeated malaise, treatment can berepeat.
If rhinitis is persistent, i.e., an allergy pesters a person throughout the year, it is advisable to take the drug throughout the entire period of contact with the irritant.
Adverse reactions
In the instructions for the use of tablets and syrup "Desal" contains a list of adverse reactions of the body to the drug.
From the side of the nervous system: in children under two years of age - insomnia, headache; less often - drowsiness, dizziness, sleep disturbances, convulsions, hyperactivity.
Mental disorders: extremely rare - hallucinations.
On the part of the gastrointestinal tract: a common phenomenon is overdrying of the oral mucosa, diarrhea (often occurs in children under 2 years of age), less often - nausea, vomiting, spasmodic pain in the lower abdomen, dyspepsia.
From the side of the heart: extremely rare - palpitations, tachycardia; with an unknown frequency - prolongation of the QT interval.
From the side of the liver and organs of the excretory system: quite rarely - an increase in the level of bilirubin, an increase in the activity of liver and kidney enzymes, hepatitis; with an unknown frequency - jaundice.
In the instructions for the use of the Desal syrup, there are also adverse reactions from the epidermis and subcutaneous tissues. Photosensitivity may occur at unknown frequency.
On the part of the locomotor system, muscle and connective tissue: myalgia - manifests itself quite rarely.
General disorders: high frequency (in children under 2 years old) - fever, sharp jumps in fatigue, less often -anaphylaxis, shortness of breath, urticaria, pruritus, rash, angioedema.
Contraindications to the use of the remedy
According to the instructions for use of the drug "Desal", the list of contraindications to its use is limited. However, each patient should read it before taking the first dose:
- increased susceptibility to the main or auxiliary components of the drug;
- pregnancy and lactation;
- infancy, under 1 year of age;
- hereditary diseases (fructose intolerance, sucrose deficiency in the body).
Overdose
9-10 times the recommended dose (45-50mg) did not cause clinically significant symptoms.
If you mistakenly ingest a large amount of the drug, you must take emergency measures in the form of gastric lavage and taking activated charcoal, and immediately go to the hospital.
Recommendations for pregnant and lactating women
Experts in the field of obstetrics and gynecology do not recommend taking the drug to women who are carrying a child. Until today, the effect of its main components on the fetus has not been studied.
Clinical studies have shown that desloratadine is excreted in breast milk. The drug is contraindicated in lactating women.
Nature of interaction with other drug groups
In the instructions for usesyrup "Dezal" indicated that when combined with other groups of drugs, no clinically significant effect was observed. We are talking about Ketoconazole, Fluoxetine, Erythromycin.
Simultaneous intake of food or grapefruit juice does not affect the effectiveness of taking the drug.
Despite the presence of ethanol in the composition, desloratadine has no effect on the central nervous system. But with post-registration use, cases of alcohol intolerance have been recorded. Therefore, drinking alcohol while taking desloratadine should be avoided.
The ability to influence the management of transport and mechanisms
In modern conditions, it is extremely problematic for a person to break a busy daily routine. If he has an allergic attack, it is important to quickly get rid of his unpleasant symptoms. Also, the drug should not cause lethargy and drowsiness.
Despite the low price, the instructions for use of Desal syrup indicate that it is safe, does not produce a sedative effect. The drug does not affect the speed of psychomotor reactions provided that the prescribed dose is observed.
Special Instructions
Patients with severe kidney function problems are advised to take the drug with caution or under the supervision of a physician.
In children under two years of age, when making a differential diagnosis between allergic andother types of rhinitis may be difficult. An important condition for the diagnosis is the identification of foci of infection or structural abnormalities of the upper respiratory tract, in-depth diagnostics, detailed history taking, laboratory tests and dermatological tests.
In the pediatric group of patients and 6-7% of adults, a low ability to metabolize desloratadine is manifested. Hence the higher exposure in this group of patients.
Laboratory tests confirming or refuting the effectiveness of desloratadine in the infectious nature of rhinitis have not been conducted.
Comparison with analogues
Based on the instructions for the use of Desal syrup for children and adults, we can conclude that Loratadin is an equally effective analogue. The main active ingredient, loratadine, will help to quickly cope with allergy symptoms if patients are intolerant to desloratadine, which is confirmed by patient reviews. The drug is also available in two forms - tablets and solution, for use by patients older than 2 years. In terms of cost, Loratadin is cheaper than Desal, but significantly surpasses it in terms of the list of side effects. Therefore, it is better to refuse to use it for the treatment of children.
Instructions for the use of syrup-analogue "Desal" for children - "Erius" - reports a similar active substance in these two drugs. The drug is available in two common forms - tablets and syrup, contraindicatedgroup of patients with renal insufficiency.
Klaritin analogue known on the domestic market has the active ingredient loratadine. In terms of release forms and method of administration, it is similar to Desal. Under the strict supervision of a doctor, it is allowed to be taken even by pregnant women.
"Lordestin" contains a similar active ingredient, but is available only in the form of tablets. This significantly limits the circle of patients who are allowed to take the drug - adults and children over 12 years of age. According to contraindications, side effects and data on overdose, the drugs are similar, so they can easily be replaced with one another.
Every year there are more and more analogues of "Desal". With new symptoms or an aggravation of the course of an allergy, experts recommend changing the drug, but it is better to leave the choice of remedy to a specialist.
We examined what the drug "Desal" is. Instructions, reviews and prices are all important points that people most often pay attention to. But we want to remind readers once again that it is not recommended to self-medicate, especially in the presence of such an ailment as an allergy. You can harm yourself and your loved ones even more. At the slightest sign of illness, seek medical help.
