During pregnancy, a woman can face many troubles. Some of them can significantly overshadow the bearing of a child. What is uterine hypertonicity? What are its features, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment? What is the danger?
Definition
What is uterine hypertonicity? This term refers to a condition in which the contraction of the muscle fibers of the named organ occurs. Normally, he is relaxed. The contraction of the fibers should occur before the baby is born. If the muscles tighten before this period, then hypertonicity is observed, which can harm the child.
What is the danger?
What is uterine hypertonicity we found out, but what is the danger of this condition? In the first trimester of pregnancy, pathology can lead to the following consequences:
- Difficulties in attaching the ovum to the wall of the uterus.
- A detachment of the placenta, which can lead to pregnancy failure.
- Miscarriage.
In the last trimester, the following may occurcomplications:
- Premature birth.
- Deceleration of fetal development, which is caused by impaired blood flow in the placenta, which leads to limited oxygen supply.
This condition is dangerous not only for the fetus, but also for the expectant mother, as it is fraught with serious consequences.
Normal tone
In a normal state, the uterus should be relaxed and soft, but there are conditions that can be classified as conditionally safe. The tone of the uterus may not hurt under these circumstances:
- Contractions occur no more than 6 times a day.
- If the condition is caused by slight physical activity, then it is normal.
In the second trimester, uterine contractions may occur, which are called "training contractions." This is also a variant of the norm.
Symptoms
Hypertonicity of the walls of the uterus can be determined by the following manifestations:
aching or cramping pains in the lower abdomen;
- bleeding;
- heavy feeling in the stomach;
- abdominal tension;
- pain in the lumbar region.
These symptoms can signal many pathological conditions, including uterine tone, so you need to see a gynecologist as soon as possible.
Reasons
Hypertonicity of the uterus in the 1st trimester or later may occur for the following reasons:
- Decreased hormone productionprogesterone, which is responsible for the smoothness of the uterine muscles.
- In the early stages of pregnancy, tone can be caused by severe toxicosis, which is accompanied by vomiting.
- Elevated levels of prolactin or male sex hormones.
- Thyroid dysfunction.
- Anomalies in the development of the uterus, including its underdevelopment.
- Some infectious diseases.
- Rhesus conflict in parents.
- Inflammatory diseases of the reproductive system.
- Increased levels of stress or unfavorable psychological situation in the family.
- Active sports or strenuous exercise.
- Regular lack of sleep and chronic fatigue.
- Air travel.
- Obesity of any degree.
- Multiple pregnancy.
- History of miscarriages or abortions.
- The age of the pregnant woman is over 35.
Also, problems such as impaired intestinal motility or increased gas formation can also indirectly affect the formation of uterine hypertonicity.
Nutritional nuances
Hypertonicity of the anterior wall of the uterus can also be caused by malnutrition. A pregnant woman should exclude the following foods from her diet:
- Cheese with mold, as it contains a fungus that is dangerous to the fetus.
- Coffee and strong tea, as they are high in caffeine, which can increase blood pressure.
- Raw eggs, as they may contain a dangerous bacterium - salmonella.
- Spicy spices.
- Badfried meat.
- Sushi with raw fish.
You should also always check food for freshness.
Diagnosis
Hypertonicity of the uterus, its anterior or posterior wall, can be determined independently by the symptoms, but it is advisable to contact a gynecologist who will conduct a thorough diagnosis.
It consists of the following manipulations:
- Interrogation of a pregnant woman, listening and palpation of the abdomen to detect tension.
- Ultrasound diagnostics, which can detect thickening of muscle tissue.
- Tonusmetry, which is performed using special sensors.
An experienced doctor will be able to make a correct diagnosis before a condition can be treated.
Medicated treatment
Hypertonicity of the posterior wall of the uterus often requires therapy with these drugs:
- "Utrozhestan" or "Dufaston" with a lack of progesterone.
- Tinctures of valerian or motherwort, which help relieve stress.
- "No-shpa" to relieve spasm. It can be prescribed both in the form of tablets and in the form of injections.
- "Genipral" - a drug for relaxing muscles. Only applicable in the last trimester of pregnancy.
- "Kurantil" to improve blood circulation.
- "Cicinone" to stop bleeding.
- Candles "Vibrukol", whichhave an antispasmodic effect.
- Candles "Papaverine" to relieve stress.
- Candles "Indomethacin", which are necessary for the threat of abortion. Appointed from 16 to 32 weeks.
It is very important to follow all doctor's orders as this condition can be dangerous.
General Principles
Therapy for hypertension consists not only in taking medications, but also in other measures. Among them are the following:
- A pregnant woman is shown bed rest in the event that the tone threatens to terminate the pregnancy. In this case, she must be hospitalized.
- With a slight tone, you should reduce all physical activity, including walking, despite their benefits to the body.
- It is important to take vitamin complexes that are designed for pregnant women, as tone can develop against the background of a lack of nutrients.
- It is strictly forbidden to self-medicate, as the wrong measures can only aggravate a difficult situation.
- Intimacy is prohibited during hypertonicity.
- Pregnant women may be prescribed special exercises to relieve tone. They must be performed strictly under the supervision of the attending physician.
Often, with timely access to qualified medical care, specialists manage to stop attacks of uterine hypertonicity in a fairly short time. In this case, the condition does not have negativeconsequences on the body of the mother and the developing child.
Preventive measures
What is uterine hypertonicity and its causes, we found out. This symptom is dangerous for a pregnant woman, as it negatively affects the child. It is impossible to completely eliminate the possibility of a pathological condition, but the risks can be significantly reduced. To do this, it is important to follow the following recommendations of experts:
- Reduce stress.
- Keep a proper balanced diet.
- Refuse to drink alcoholic beverages during pregnancy planning and childbearing.
- Stay asleep and awake.
- Avoid physical activity throughout pregnancy.
In addition, it is very important not to neglect routine examinations and gynecological consultations, as they help to identify pathologies of fetal development in the early stages of development.
