Each married couple sooner or later thinks about offspring. Some have no problems with conception, while others have to go a long way in order for their offspring to be born. Worldwide, more than half of couples experience various problems with conception. In one third of cases, the female factor is to blame. The rest falls to the share of male problems.
How to give birth to a baby with infertility?
Several centuries ago, infertile couples had no chance. They had to adopt children or grieve alone. In most cases, such families broke up, and the spouses, hoping for a positive outcome, were looking for other life partners.
Relatively recently, such a concept as IVF in gynecology has appeared. What it is, probably know those families in which unsuccessful attempts to conceive a baby last for more than one year. Those who first come across this term should understand in detail what kind of procedure it is.
IVF - what is it?
This term has the following interpretation: in vitro fertilization. The name speaks for itself. Conception like thismethod differs from the classical one in that it takes place outside the mother's body. It is worth noting that the procedure does not give an absolute guarantee that everything will end in childbirth. Of great importance is the physical he alth of parents, the hormonal background of a woman, the general condition of the body and emotional mood. In order to succeed, it is equally important to find an experienced specialist.
During the procedure, it is necessary to take into account many nuances and follow the step-by-step instructions. So, let's take a closer look at what IVF is (how it happens).
In vitro fertilization
It is worth saying that the procedure lasts throughout the entire female cycle. Couples need to go through a lot of tests before getting married. This is important for the choice of drugs and manipulation tactics. If you are shown an IVF pregnancy, what it is, the attending physician will tell you in detail. In vitro fertilization is divided into several stages.
First step: general body preparation
IVF is a rather serious procedure that requires the use of a large amount of hormonal drugs. The doctor must take the work of the female body into his own hands. It is for this that the patient is prescribed medications that block the work of the ovaries and pituitary gland. While taking these funds, you must carefully monitor the reaction of the body.
In some cases, a woman may be advised to stay in a hospital during the period while the IVF procedure is in progress. How it's done? After passing all the tests and choosing a treatment method, the patient is placed under carefulspecialist control. The intake of all hormonal drugs is controlled by a blood test, which is given almost every day.
It is worth saying that such supervision of a specialist is not always required. In most cases, the fair sex is trained on an outpatient basis. Almost nothing is required from a man during this period of time. In the event that a partner has problems with reproductive function, he may be recommended to take certain drugs.
Second step: egg retrieval
The next stage of the IVF procedure is the cultivation and collection of female material for fertilization. After the patient's own hormonal background is blocked, the doctor will prescribe medications that stimulate ovulation. Under the influence of these drugs, a woman can grow up to 50 follicles, from which they will subsequently take the necessary material for IVF. How does it happen?
Almost daily, specialists monitor the growth of the patient's follicles using an ultrasound machine. As soon as the cells reach the required size, the woman is scheduled for a puncture. Many are interested: “Does IVF hurt?”
If you take the material without anesthesia, it will certainly be very unpleasant. That is why doctors use light anesthesia. The patient is placed on a gynecological chair, after which a special drug is injected into her vein. During the procedure, the expectant mother is in a state of sleep. The puncture lasts from 5 to 15 minutes, after which the woman comes to her senses, and after a fewhours may leave the medical facility.
IVF is a procedure that requires special care. During the puncture, the direction of the needle is monitored using ultrasound. The instrument cannot damage the ovaries or fallopian tubes. After taking the material, the cells are placed in special conditions favorable for their further processing.
Third stage: male role in the IVF procedure
Pregnancy… What is it, surely imagine all the couples who dream of having a baby. For the onset of conception, two cells are needed: male and female. The in vitro fertilization procedure also requires these components. A man needs to donate sperm for further fertilization of the resulting female cells.
When the doctor receives all the materials necessary for work, he can start fertilization. In special test tubes, the selected cells are combined and conception occurs. After that, the embryos must remain in the special conditions created for them for several more days. This time period can last from two to five days.
Final point: cell transfer to the uterus
When the embryos reach the required stage of development, the doctor will transfer them to the female body. This also happens under light anesthesia. From one to three embryos can be implanted at a time. After the manipulation, the woman is recommended to be at rest for several hours, after which she is allowed to leave the medical facility. The patient is prescribed hormonal maintenanceproducts that help the endometrium become as prepared as possible for implantation.
Also, a woman is recommended to take sedatives and drugs that relieve increased uterine tone. For the next two weeks, the patient is advised to remain calm and rest more. It is necessary to exclude any physical activity and, if possible, go on sick leave.
Research and confirmation of pregnancy
After two or three weeks after the procedure, the woman is prescribed an ultrasound examination. In its course, the specialist makes his verdict: pregnancy has occurred or not. In case of a positive outcome, the patient should continue taking all prescribed drugs. If the implantation did not take place, then the implanted cells will come out with the next menstruation.
Conclusion
Many people ask: "IVF-birth - what is it?" It is worth saying that in most cases, such a pregnancy ends in natural childbirth. No one is safe from problems during the birth of a baby.
In particularly difficult situations, when two or more embryos have taken root, a caesarean section may be recommended. This will be reported by the doctor who monitors the course of pregnancy. In case of any disputes, please contact a specialist. Pregnancy, which occurred with the help of IVF, should be under special control. That is why, when registering, tell the doctor about how fertilization was performed.
